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Principles of Microbial Electrochemical Technology and Its Application in the Recycling of Livestock and Poultry Wastes Kunhong JIANG, Zhenying XU, Zhenzhen GUO, Lin BAI, Xiaoxia HAO, Dongmei JIANG, Shixiu QIU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (7): 210-222.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.1053 Abstract （526）   HTML （6）    PDF （1655KB）（3335）       Knowledge map    Save The environment has been under great pressure as a consequence of the livestock waste discharged in the course of intensive production of livestock and poultry farming. By studying the elemental theory of respiratory metabolism， comprised of small molecule acid metabolism of Geobacter sulfurreducens， the aerobic and anaerobic metabolism of Shewanella oneidensis， as well as extracellular electron transfer directly contacted and mediated by electrically conductive pili and electron shuttle substances， the central carbon metabolism pathway， basic extracellular electron transport process and main regulatory mechanisms of model electroactive microorganisms were examined. Owing to insights into the respiration and metabolism of electroactive bacteria， a variety of microbial electrochemical systems （MES） mainly based on microbial fuel cell， microbial electrolytic cell and electric-field-assisted aerobic compost had been developed and optimized. Not only MES were employed to reduce contents of hazardous substances including chemical oxygen demand， greenhouse gases， antibiotics and resistance genes， but they were also used to improve power generation efficiency， cathode high value-added products and humus contents of compost. The research progress of microbial electrochemical theory and thoroughly demonstrates the application of microbial electrochemical technology in the recycling of livestock and poultry waste were reviewed， so as to provide reference and theoretical foundation for the study of livestock waste utilization. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Meat Quality， Nutritional Components and Expression Characteristics of Meat Quality-related Genes in Tibetan Sheep at Different Altitudes Liangwei YAO, Yuzhu SHA, Xinyu GUO, Xiaoning PU, Ying XU, Jiqing WANG, Shaobin LI, Zhiyun HAO, Xiu LIU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (3): 66-75.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0385 Abstract （723）   HTML （13）    PDF （1113KB）（2239）       Knowledge map    Save In order to study the difference of meat quality and the expression characteristics of meat quality-related genes in Tibetan sheep at different altitudes， the meat quality and nutritional components of longissimus dorsi， triceps brachii and biceps femoris of Tibetan sheep at altitude 2 500， 3 500 and 4 500 m were determined， and the expression levels of meat-related genes （H-FABP， LPL， MC4R and CAST） were determined and their correlations were analyzed. The results showed that the Tibetan sheep meat of low altitude had lower shearing force， lower water loss rate， higher tenderness and better taste， especially longissimus dorsi was better than the other 2 parts. The Tibetan sheep meat of high altitude had higher cooked meat rate and higher meat yield. The contents of mineral and crude protein in high altitude Tibetan sheep meat were higher， while the low altitude Tibetan sheep meat was more succulent. Compared with the two leg muscles， the longissimus dorsi had better taste. The expression levels of genes related to meat quality were differences among different altitudes. Among them， H-FABP had the highest expression levels in different muscles at mid-altitude， and LPL， MC4R and CAST had the highest expression levels in biceps femoris of Tibetan sheep at low altitude， and was higher in the longissimus dorsi of Tibetan sheep at middle and high altitude. The correlation analysis showed that the expression levels of H-FABP， LPL， MC4R and CAST genes were significantly correlated with cooked meat rate， shear stress， water loss rate， ash， crude fat， crude protein and dry matter in Tibetan sheep. It showed that the meat quality and nutritional components of Tibetan sheep at different altitudes were different， and the expression levels of meat-related genes in different parts were also different， which affected the meat quality of Tibetan sheep. Above results provided basis for meat selection and genetic improvement of Tibetan sheep at different altitudes. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Review on Modeling and Simulation for Pesticide Spraying System Jiaqiang ZHENG, Huichun ZHANG, Youlin XU, Hongping ZHOU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (3): 76-90.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0776 Abstract （570）   HTML （14）    PDF （2797KB）（2146）       Knowledge map    Save The effect of pesticide application is closely related to the pesticide spraying process. The modeling and simulation of pesticide spraying process can solve the difficulties in field experimental research caused by the difference of plant growth cycle， the different occurrence of pests and diseases， and the uncontrollable natural field environments. According to the resistance， resurgence， residue （3R）/efficacy， efficiency， eco-environment （3E）/method， model， measurement （3M） of the pesticide applications， the modeling and simulation researches on the pesticide spraying process， such as atomization， transportation and deposition， were summarized and analyzed. The semi-physical simulation system of pesticide spraying was put forward and analyzed based on the development of simulation technology. Finally， several research suggestions were proposed to promote research on innovative precision pesticide spraying technology and R&D of high-quality plant protection machinery， such as establishing atomization model for carrying out the atomization mechanism of new nozzles， the multi-phase flow field simulation of mass pesticide droplets， the spraying target customization and target recognition model， the comprehensive pesticide droplet drift model， and the coupling between plant growth model and pesticide spraying system. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Response Characteristics of Soil Microecology in Long-term Continuous Cropping Tobacco Field Under 4 Rotation Patterns Xudong ZHOU, Tianhua HAN, Yunxin SHEN, Zhufeng SHI, Biao HE, Mingying YANG, Weihua PEI, Yonghong HE, Peiwen YANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (3): 174-187.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0743 Abstract （522）   HTML （8）    PDF （4190KB）（1704）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore the effects of rotation of flue-cured tobacco and different crops on soil quality control of long-term continuous cropping， 4 rotation treatments were set， including barley and flue-cured tobacco （YCDM）， garlic and flue-cured tobacco （YCDS）， rape and flue-cured tobacco （YCYC）， and broad bean and flue-cured tobacco （YCCD）， and the tobacco planting plots with continuous cropping for more than 10 years was used as control （CK）. The physicochemical properties， enzyme activities and microbial community structures of soils under different rotation treatments were analyzed. Based on correlation analysis and redundancy analysis， the relationship between soil physicochemical properties， enzyme activities and microbial community structure was analyzed. The results showed that， compared with CK， soil bulk density decreased by 26.58%~30.29% and total porosity increased by 21.13%~48.26%. Compared with CK， soil pH， available nitrogen （AN）， available phosphorus （AP） and available potassium （AK） contents under the YCCD treatment significantly increased by 11.84%， 30.57%， 6.42% and 41.1%， respectively. Compared with CK， the activities of catalase （CAT）， invertase （INV）， urease （URE） and acid phosphatase （ACP） increased by 16.81%~42.35%， 38.09%~51.48%， 7.69%~64.29% and 5.82%~76.33%， respectively. The YCCD mode had the most significant improvement effect. The results of high-throughput sequencing showed that the OTUs of bacteria under rotation treatments was significantly higher than that of CK. The α-diversity showed that the richness and diversity of bacterial communities were significantly different among different rotation treatments. The richness of fungal communities was significantly different， but the diversity was not. The results of β-diversity analysis showed that the differences of soil fungal communities among different rotation treatments were small， and the differences of soil bacterial communities were large. Among them， YCCD treatment had the largest difference in bacterial and fungal communities compared with CK. At the phylum level， the YCCD treatment increased the relative abundance of Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria， while decreased the relative abundance of Ascomycota. Correlation analysis and redundancy analysis showed that URE， AN， AK and pH were the key factors affecting soil microbial community structure. In conclusion， reasonable rotation of flue-cured tobacco and other crops could improve soil available nutrient content and soil enzyme activity， and then regulate soil microbial community structure， which could reduce the obstacles of continuous cropping of flue-cured tobacco， and finally achieve the goal of stable yield and increase of flue-cured tobacco. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Whole Genome Sequencing of Multi-drug Resistant Escherichia coli and Its Drug Resistance Analysis Haili LI, Yindi XU, Zhifang WANG, Wenhao ZHU, Lixian ZHANG, Chunjiang MA Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (6): 113-121.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0169 Abstract （733）   HTML （5）    PDF （4555KB）（1459）       Knowledge map    Save In order to understand colistin resistance genes carried by Escherichia coli， screen sensitive plant drugs， and solve the dilemma of multiple drug resistance and no drug option in animal clinic， the resistance genes of Escherichia coli were identified by 16S rRNA sequencing and PCR. The antimicrobial susceptibility of 78 antibiotics were detected， and the bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects of 4 kinds of natural plant extracts （palmatine， berberine， baicalin and macleaya cordata） were tested. The results showed that 145 strains of E.coli were isolated and identified from intestinal tract of swine clinical diarrhea cases in 2021 （from January to December） and 2022 （from January to June）， and a clinical strain carrying colistin resistance genes （mcr-4，mcr-5） and β-lactamases blaTEM and AmpC was identified， which named HN2149. The antimicrobial susceptibility of 78 antibiotics showed that the HN2149 strains was sensitive to cefepime， cefodizime， fosfomycin， cefixime， meropenem， cefoxitin， cefazolin， cefoperazone， cefotaxime， ceftazidime， cefuroxime， ceftriaxone， aztreonam， piperacillin-tazobactam， ticacillin/clavulanic acid， cefoperazone sulbactam， ceftazidime/clavulanic acid， cefotaxime/clavulanic acid， ceftizoxime， cefmetazole， cefetamet， and was resistant to 57 antibiotics. The drug sensitivity of 4 plant extracts showed that the macleaya cordata had the best bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect on HN2149 strain， while the other 3 extracts had no effects on HN2149 strain. Above results provided reference for the prevention and control of swine colibacillosis. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Soil Nutrient Characteristics of Ulmus pumila L. Forest at Different Ages in Daqingshan Yuexin ZHANG, Yunxia MA, Xiuzhi MA, Jinwang ZHANG, Yuelin WANG, Haisheng YU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (12): 168-176.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0737 Abstract （322）   HTML （2）    PDF （651KB）（1366）       Knowledge map    Save In order to reveal the change trend and law of soil enzyme activity and soil nutrients with forest age in Daqingshan Nature Reserve， 3 different forest ages （10， 25 and 40 a） at Ulmus pumila L. forest in Daqingshan were selected as the research objects， and a total of 8 indicators of soil pH， available nitrogen， available phosphorus， available potassium， organic matter， sucrose， catalase and polyphenol oxidase in the soil layer of 0—10，10—20，20—30 and 30—40 cm were measured. The characteristics and interrelationships of enzyme activity and nutrient content in soil of Ulmus pumila L. with different forest ages were analyzed. The results showed that with the increase of forest age， the content of soil organic matter and available potassium in soil of Ulmus pumila L. forests showed an upward trend； available nitrogen and available phosphorus were raised first and then decreased， and the soil pH was gradually reduced. With the deepening of soil depth， the contents of soil organic matter， available nitrogen， available phosphorus and available potassium all showed obvious surface aggregation. Peroxidase activity gradually decreased with the increase of forest age； the activities of sucrase and urease showed a tendency of increasing first and then decreasing， and the enzyme activity gradually decreased with the depth of the soil layer. There was a certain correlation between soil nutrients and enzyme activity， and there was a significant positive correlation between available nitrogen and available phosphorus and sucrase and urease （P<0.05）； there was a significant negative phase between available potassium and organic matter and catalase （P<0.05）. According to the principal component analysis results， the soil fertility of the soil layer of 0—10 cm in the 25 a forest age was the highest. The results of the study could provide scientifsic basis for sustainable management of Ulmus pumila L. forests and soil fertility enhancement. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Active Ingredients and Action Mechanism of Agricultural Plant Jiaosu Bing LI, Xiumin ZHU, Dai LI, Junxia DU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (7): 156-165.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0660 Abstract （687）   HTML （2）    PDF （618KB）（1223）       Knowledge map    Save Agricultural plant Jiaosu is a product containing specific bioactive ingredients which is derived primarily from plants through microbial fermentation. It could be applied in agriculture， animal husbandry and soil improvement. Agricultural plant Jiaosu plays significant roles in enhancing crop yields， soil quality and pest resistance， making it a key player in the establishment of green ecological agriculture. In this paper， the classification， characteristics and various effective components of agricultural plant Jiaosu were briefly introduced； the positive effects on crop yield increase， antibacterial properties， soil enhancement and environmental protection of agricultural plant Jiaosu were summarized； the mechanisms were analyzed， the existing issues were identified， and the future development of agricultural plant Jiaosu was discussed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Differential Seed Metabolites Before and After Stratification of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance Yongfang ZHANG, Shiyan DONG, Jiaxuan WANG, Xuhu GUO, Chang ZHANG, Yanxing WANG, Yuye WANG, Jingfeng WU, Tianfang BAO, Hongfa ZHANG, Ping YU, Fuheng LI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (7): 37-49.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0183 Abstract （440）   HTML （5）    PDF （4918KB）（1207）       Knowledge map    Save In order to deeply explore the seed dormancy mechanism of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance， the different metabolites of non-lamellarized seeds （NS） and germination seeds after lamellarization （GS） were analyzed by GC-TOF/MS （gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry）. The results showed that a total of 995 metabolites were detected， and there was a clear separation between NS and GS. There were 126 differential metabolites， among which 75 were extremely significant differential metabolites including 35 up-regulated and 40 down-regulated expressions. The metabolic pathways of the extremely significant differential metabolites were analysed and 10 key metabolic pathways were identified. The results of the chord diagram analysis showed that the lipids （including lipid-like molecules） was extremely significantly positive correlaed with benzenoids， while the benzenepropanoids （including polyketides） was extremely significantly negative correlation with organoxides. Above results provided theoretical basis of metabolomics for exploring the post-maturation germination of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance seeds， and researching the post-maturation and dormancy mechanisms of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance seeds. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development Status and Prospects of Rice Industry in Heilongjiang Province Yingnan GU, Xin LIU, Jingyuan WANG, Xinyu DUAN, Ying HUANG, Qingjuan LIN, Yanxia LIU, Hongwen BI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (12): 17-25.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.1005 Abstract （1265）   HTML （25）    PDF （1755KB）（1194）       Knowledge map    Save In recent years， the rice industry in Heilongjiang province has developed well in planting， production and marketing， but there are still some problems such as quality degradation and low efficiency of processing enterprises. In order to promote the development of high-quality rice industry in Heilongjiang province， and improve productivity and efficiency，based on the statistical yearbook data of Heilongjiang province， field survey information and literature data， this paper analyzed the change characteristics of rice variety breeding， production and planting， quality， processing and sales of japonica rice in Heilongjiang province from 2016 to 2021， put forward suggestions to accelerate the development of rice industry in Heilongjiang province， including the construction of research and innovation center of seed industry， the construction of green ecological demonstration area and the strengthening of rice processing industry， which provided a variety of feasible ideas for the development of rice industry in Heilongjiang province. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Codon Bias and Evolution Analysis of CqGAI in Chenopodium quinoa Yang FENG, Fenggen GUO, Shiyu WANG, Zhengjie LIU, Wenhong LONG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (4): 27-36.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0125 Abstract （519）   HTML （4）    PDF （4328KB）（1172）       Knowledge map    Save To clarify the codon usage characteristics of CqGAI gene， the sequence of CqGAI gene was cloned. The codon usage preference of CqGAI gene was analyzed using CodonW， SPSS software and EMBOSS online program， and neutral mapping， ENC analysis and parity preference bias analysis were performed with GAI genes of 25 plants. The results showed that the length of coding sequence （CDS） of CqGAI gene was 1 782 bp， which encoded 593 amino acids， and contained the unique structural domains of DELLA gene family such as DELLA， TVHYNP， NLS， VHIID， LHR and RVER. The CqGAI gene could rapidly responded to gibberellines （GA），whichplayed a key role in the GA signaling pathway. Codon bias analysis showed that ENC， CAI and GC content of CqGAI gene were 54.14， 0.21 and 46.18%， respectively， with weak codon bias， preference ending with A/T and 27 high frequency codons. The clustering analyses showed that the CqGAI gene had the closest preference to Caryophyllales. The base composition and correlation analysis revealed that the codon preference of CqGAI gene was influenced by selection effect and base mutation. The frequency of codon usage indicated that both Escherichia coli and yeast were suitable for heterologous expression of CqGAI gene， and Arabidopsis thaliana， Nicotiana tabacum and Beta vulgaris were suitable for genetic transformation recipients for functional analysis of CqGAI gene. Above results provided an important reference for further study the function and heterologous expression of CqGAI gene. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Screening， Identification and Biocontrol of Bacteria Degrading Ginseng Phenolic Acid Autotoxic Substances Yongjun XIE, Xiaozhuo PAN, Fuhui CHEN, Kaibo YIN, Jiayue JIN, Yibing WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (7): 147-155.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0651 Abstract （450）   HTML （9）    PDF （2394KB）（1069）       Knowledge map    Save with the increase of ginseng planting years， the accumulation of autotoxic substances in the soil results in the occurrence of continuous cropping obstacles， which significantly impeding the robust advancement of ginseng cultivation. The biodegradation of autotoxic compounds in the soil is as an effective strategy to mitigate the continuous cropping obstacles. The bacteria degrading phenolic acid autotoxic substances were isolated and identified from the ginseng rhizosphere soil. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing along with physiological and biochemical experiments， the degradation strains were classified and identified. The degradation rate was assessed through UV spectrophotometry， while the culture conditions were refined through a single-factor experiment. The biocontrol of degradation strains on ginseng seeds with phenolic acid stress was investigated. The results showed that 10 strains of bacteria capable of degrading autotoxic substances were isolated from the inter-root soil of ginseng， predominantly belonging to the genus Pseudomonas. Preliminary degradation experiments indicated that strain S1 exhibited the highest degradation rate on salicylic acid， reaching 65.32%， and was identified as Burkholderia. The results of single-factor experiment indicated that the degradation rate of strain S1 was 88.58% with calcium nitrate as the nitrogen source， cultivation temperature of 30 ℃， and 500 mg·L-1 autotoxic substances， which was higher than before optimization. Strain S1 could alleviate the inhibitory impact of salicylic acid on the growth of ginseng seeds， achieving a growth promotion efficiency of 12.56%. In conclusion， the Burkholderia S1 strain isolated from soil exhibited a commendable biocontrol effect， which had promising application value for mitigating continuous cropping obstacles. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Global Genetically Modified Crop Industrialization Trends in 2022 Haohui LI, Caiyue LIU, Haiwen ZHANG, Xujing WANG, Qiaoling TANG, Youhua WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (12): 6-16.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0756 Abstract （2181）   HTML （85）    PDF （752KB）（1062）       Knowledge map    Save Since the commercialization of genetically modified （GM） crops in 1996， their industrial applications have developed rapidly in worldwide with increasing planting area and crop types， which have significant economic and social benefits. This paper analyzed the global situation of GM crops cultivation in 2022， and the development trends of major countries and regions planting GM crops. In 2022， the planting area of GM crops accounted for about 12% of the total arable land area with an increase of 3.3%. The number of the countries approved to cultivate GM crops increased to 29， and 71 countries and regions approved the commercial application of GM products. Based on the planting area of GM crops， the GM corn and soybean were dominant， and the planting area of the GM crops with multiple traits was also constantly expanding. The industrial applications of GM crops will become new growth driver for agricultural production and economic development， and the applications and effects of GM crops will continuously increase with the iterative upgrading of bioengineering breeding technologies. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Tillage Fertilizer Mixing Effect Under Vertical Smashing Rotary Tillage and Rotary Tillage Based on EDEM Fake SHAN, Shuo KANG, Jianxi ZHU, Yongwei WANG, Jun WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (11): 90-102.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0237 Abstract （354）   HTML （10）    PDF （3528KB）（1048）       Knowledge map    Save The distribution of nutrient components of chemical fertilizer in soil directly affects crop yield， which is different under different tillage methods. In order to explore the mechanism and reveal the distribution rule of chemical fertilizer particles in soil under different tillage methods， a discrete element simulation model was established based on EDEM. A test platform using force sensor was built to calibrate the material attribute parameters and contact parameters required in the establishment process. The drag force was measured through signal acquisition and analysis system， and it was compared with that obtained by simulation during same working period to verify the accuracy of the simulation model. The results showed the error was below 10%，indicating it could be inferred that the established model had certain prediction accuracy. Through orthogonal experiments the optimal working parameters of 2 tillage methods were obtained and the results were verified through field experiments. Through the comparison of the final results， it was found that when different tillage methods were both under the optimal mixing effect working state， the maximum error between the predicted value of the fertilizer distribution proportion in each layer of the simulation model and the actual value is 8.65%， and the minimum error is 0.59%. In conclusion， the prediction model established in this study could be used to explore the particle distribution rule of the mixing effect of surface fertilizer under different tillage methods， and had a certain prediction accuracy. The results provided references for selecting the optimal tillage method， improving agricultural fertilization efficiency and reasonably controlling fertilization amount. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Leaf Traits and Adaptation Strategies of Sophora japonica at Different Ages Rongrong CHU, Guoqing FENG, Zhongyi ZHANG, Huijiao LIU, Jiaxin DONG, Zhangzhen WEN, Xiangbin GAO, Xiaoman XIE, Dan LIU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (3): 48-56.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0438 Abstract （532）   HTML （4）    PDF （1666KB）（1046）       Knowledge map    Save The variation and correlation of leaf traits can reflect the resource utilization and adaptive survival strategies of plants. In order to explore the traits and variation rules of the leaves of Sophora japonica of different ages， taking the leaves of Sophora japonica of different ages in Liaocheng city as the research object， 13 indicators including the leaf area （LA）， leaf fresh weight （FW）， leaf dry weight （DW）， leaf length （LL）， leaf width （LW）， petiole length （PL）， leaf thickness （LT）， rachis length （RL）， leaf shape index （LI）， specific leaf area （SLA）， leaf dry matter content （LDMC） ， leaf tissue density （LTD）， and specific leaf weight （SLW） were measured， and one-way analysis of variance and coefficient variation analysis were used to explore the characteristics of leaf traits at different tree ages. Principal component analysis and correlation analysis were used to study the adaptation rules of Sophora japonica leaves at different tree ages. The results showed that the DW， LL and PL of reserve resources were significantly higher than those of other tree ages （P<0.01）. The total coefficient variations of 13 leaf traits of Sophora japonica were from 8.57% to 81.48%； among leaf traits of different tree ages， the coefficient variation of the reserve resource LTD was the largest which was 92.86%， and the coefficient variation of the secondary ancient tree LDMC was the smallest which was 5.84%. LA， FW， DW， LL and LW were extremely significantly positively correlated with each other （P<0.01）； SLA was significantly negatively correlated with FW， DW， LTD and SLW （P<0.01）， and positively correlated with LT（P<0.01）； LDMC was significantly positively correlated with FW， DW， LTD and SLW （P< 0.01）. The leaf traits of reserve resources had the characteristics of high LDMC and SLW， low SLA， and belong to the survival strategy of “quick investment-income type”； the secondary ancient trees and the first grade ancient trees showed high SLA， low LDMC and SLW leaf character combinations， and adopted a “slow investment-benefit” and “conservative” strategy. Above results provided a scientific basis for the formulation of maintenance and management strategies for different age classes of Sophora japonica. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Precipitation on Yield and Water Consumption of Winter Wheat in Loess Plateau in Recent 40 Years Gang ZHAO, Shuying WANG, Shangzhong LI, Jianjun ZHANG, Yi DANG, Lei WANG, Xingmao LI, Wanli CHENG, Gang ZHOU, Shengli NI, Tinglu FAN Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (3): 164-173.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0783 Abstract （378）   HTML （2）    PDF （3325KB）（1042）       Knowledge map    Save Winter wheat is an important ration crop in the Loess Plateau and the yield is greatly affected by rainfall and other factors，in order to study the effect of precipitation on water consumption and yield of winter wheat，the long-term observation data of winter wheat Zhenyuan experimental site of the Gansu academy of agricultural sciences in recent 40 years were collected. The variation trend of winter wheat yield and water consumption with precipitation was illustrated. The results showed that the yield of winter wheat on the loess plateau increased at a rate of 51.2 kg·hm-2 every year in the past 40 years， but the persistence coefficient was only 0.43. The yield greatly increased with the rise of precipitation from mid-October to mid-November， the first ten days of mid-March， the first ten days of May， and the last ten days of May. The satisfaction rate of precipitation in the whole growth period was 64.4%， but was only 52.7% in the dry year， while at jointing-filling stage was the lowest among different growth stages. The average water consumption during the growth period of winter wheat was 361.3 mm， which showed a downward trend in the past 40 years. The water consumption from sowing to rejuvenation accounted for 34.3% of the total in the whole growth period. In dry years and median water years， the precipitation satisfaction rates were 36.9% at the seedling emergence-jointing stage and 42.2% at jointing-filling stage，respectively. At these 2 stages， precipitation had a significant impact on the yield of winter wheat. According to the yield correlation of winter wheat， the order from high to low was water consumption > panicles > grains per ear > soil moisture before sowing > precipitation during growth period >annual precipitation. Winter wheat yield in the loess plateau area had been poorly stable in recent 40 years due to a large proportion of water consumption from sowing to the regreening stage and insufficient precipitation at this time， affected the tillering and spike formation and water use efficiency of winter wheat. Above results indicated that ensuring the precipitation satisfaction rate of winter wheat in the key growth period and the efficient accumulation of precipitation in the fallow period was an important guarantee for stable and high yield of winter wheat，which were of great significance to the sustainable development of winter wheat industry. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Physiochemical Properties and Microbial Community Structure in Rhizosphere Soil of Dracocephalum tanguticum Erhao ZHANG, Panpan LIU, Ping HE, Yue JIAN, Yuting XU, Chengxin CHEN, Yazhou LU, Xiaozhong LAN, Sangmu SUOLANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (3): 201-213.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0741 Abstract （477）   HTML （11）    PDF （4097KB）（1025）       Knowledge map    Save In order to study the physiochemical properties and microbial community structure in rhizosphere soil of Dracocephalum tanguticum， the microbial communities in rhizosphere soil from Gongbujiangda （GB）， Kanuo （KR） and Luolong （LL） in Tibet were as materials. The microbial community in rhizosphere soil of D. tanguticum was analyzed by illumine high-throughput sequencing， and the physiochemical properties were determined and their correlation with core microbial communities were studied. The results showed that there were significant differences among different regions in the physiochemical properties. A total of 3 900 bacterial OTUs and 1 990 fungal OTUs were obtained in rhizosphere soil of D. tanguticum from 3 regions. The microbial diversity index in the rhizosphere soil of D. tanguticum grown in different regions was significant difference. Actinobacteria was the dominant bacterial phyla in all samples of D. tanguticum. Basidiomycota was the dominant fungal phyla in GB sample， Ascomycota was the dominant fungal phyla in KR and LL samples. The dominant genus was difference among different samples. Principal component analysis showed that the compositions of bacterial and fungal community were different among different samples. The analysis of core microbial communities showed that there were 257 core bacterial genera and 102 fungal genera. The correlation analysis showed that the changes of microbial community in rhizosphere soil were correlated with the physiochemical properties， and the contents of total potassium， available potassium， total phosphorus， total nitrogen and available nitrogen were the key determinants affecting the composition of microbial community in rhizosphere soil of D. tanguticum. Overall， the microbial community structure in rhizosphere soil of D. tanguticum grown in the different regions were significant differences， and the microbial community structure of rhizosphere soil was strongly linked to the physiochemical properties of rhizosphere soil. Above results provided theoretical bases for artificial cultivation and screening beneficial microorganisms of D. tanguticum. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Anaerobic Digestion of Kitchen Waste on Biogas Microorganisms and Environment Jingwen QIANG, Wanqing WANG, Manyu TANG, Na ZHANG, Shuang WU, Wei HUA, Hengxuan SHAO, Yanling CHENG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (6): 159-169.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0626 Abstract （393）   HTML （4）    PDF （2362KB）（905）       Knowledge map    Save Kitchen waste can produce biogas through anaerobic digestion， achieving its reduction and recycling of renewable energy， and promote the development of the industry towards the “dual carbon” goal. The main hydrolytic acid-producing bacteria and various nutritive methanogens in the anaerobic digestion of food waste were summarized， and the influence of environmental factors on anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste in the process of bogging and the relationship between them and microbial activity were emphatically discussed. At the same time， based on the study on the whole life cycle of anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste， the impact of biogas production and application on the environment was analyzed. Finally， in view of the low efficiency of anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste， the prospect of system optimization was carried out to achieve the purpose of efficient recycling and high-value utilization of kitchen waste， so as to realize the transformation of energy structure and promote the green and low-carbon development of the city. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Food Security：Current Situation， Problem and Countermeasure Lixia CHEN, Jingze LIU, Lizhu WU, Yinzhu SHEN Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (11): 7-14.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0336 Abstract （306）   HTML （10）    PDF （518KB）（883）       Knowledge map    Save Human is an important functional unit in the ecosystem and has producted great impact on the environment of the earth. With the rapid growth of population and unsustainable exploitation of natural resources during the process of social and economic development， the reduction of forest areas， land degradation， water scarcity， global temperature rise， and severe damage to biodiversity have occurred， leading to a significant decrease in crop yield and a growing food security problem. This paper introduced the current situation of food security issues and their main causes，also present various measures to address food security issues， such as promoting the development of green energy， reducing greenhouse gas emissions， adjusting research objectives and methods， advocating for diversified planting models， and improving food productivity. These sustainable development strategies aimed to collectively tackle the challenges of food security and achieve harmonious coexistence between humans and the earth， which was expected to provide reference for addressing food security issues. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Recovery Characteristics of Photosynthesis in Alfalfa Leaves After Low Temperature Stress Yu MIAO, Jie WANG, Yaoyao ZHAO, Lijia ZHANG, Meijun LIU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (2): 80-89.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0873 Abstract （375）   HTML （3）    PDF （2326KB）（877）       Knowledge map    Save In order to investigate the restriction sites during the recovery of photosynthesis in alfalfa after the low temperature was lifted， using‘Xinmu 4’and‘ Gannong 5’2 varieties of alfalfa as materials， the changes in photosynthetic activity of alfalfa leaves during the low temperature stress and recovery process were determined. The results showed that chlorophyll content， photosynthetic rate and photosystem Ⅱ（PSⅡ） activity of the 2 alfalfa varieties decreased significantly under low temperature stress， while non-photochemical quenching factor （NPQ） increased significantly， but had no significant effect on photosystem Ⅰ （PSⅠ） activity； the chlorophyll of‘ Gannong 5’ was more sensitive to low temperature and its content decreased more. The activity of PSⅡ and photosynthetic rate of both varieties of alfalfa increased after 72 h recovery from room temperature but did not recover to the pre-treatment level； NPQ slowly decreased and dropped to the pre-treatment level， but NPQ of ‘Gannong 5’ was higher than that of ‘Xinmu 4’ during the recovery process， which indicated that ‘Gannong 5’ still had excess light energy production to be consumed through NPQ during the recovery process. The electron transport chain of alfalfa leaves was severely restricted at low temperature， and the restriction on the PS Ⅱ acceptor side at low temperatures was largely lifted after 72 h of recovery， while the PS Ⅱ donor side was significantly restricted after 72 h of recovery. The efficiency of energy captured per unit reaction centre for electron transfer （ETO/RC） and energy captured per unit reaction centre for reducing QA （TRO/RC） of both alfalfa varieties decreased significantly at 72 h of low temperature treatment and recovered to pre-treatment after lifting the low temperature， and there was no significant difference between the 2 varieties. The energy dissipated by the unit reaction center （DIO/RC） of both alfalfa varieties did not recover to the pre-treatment level， and the energy required for recovery of ‘Gannong 5’ at 72 h was significantly higher. In summary， low temperature stress significantly injured the photosynthetic machinery of alfalfa leaves reducing photosynthetic rate， which was not restored to pre-treatment levels and was strongly correlated with PSⅡ activity， and the site limiting photosynthetic recovery was on its donor side. Non-photochemical quenching was the main way to restore 24 h excess light energy. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Carbon Source with Different Bioavailability on Vermicomposting Lingwei KONG, Kongtan WANG, Liwen MAI, Yupeng WU, Xiongfei WANG, Zhaobi WANG, Jiacong LIN, Qinfen LI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (7): 199-209.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.1026 Abstract （329）   HTML （3）    PDF （1919KB）（852）       Knowledge map    Save Traditional vermicomposting raw material formulation relies on mass ratio， volume ratio， or carbon nitroger ratio（C/N） formulation methods， which ignore the differences in bioavailable fractions of organic matter from different carbon sources and are irrational. To investigate the effects of different bioavailable carbon sources on the growth and reproduction of earthworms and carbon and nitrogen fixation of compost， this study conducted a 60 d vermicomposting experiment with a compound of cow manure （nitrogen source） and carbon source materials with low， medium and high bioavailability （pineapple peel residue， rice straw and tomato straw） at C/N 30. The results showed that the average daily increase of earthworms was up to 6.4 times. The highest humus content （15.11%） but the lowest total organic carbon fixation rate （39.63%） was found in the treatment with the easy-to-use carbon source pineapple peel residue； the highest total number of earthworms （385） and the highest total nitrogen fixation rate were found in the treatment group with the difficult-to-use carbon source tomato straw. The higher the proportion of carbon source waste with high bioavailability， the greater the earthworm weight gain； the higher the proportion of carbon source waste with low bioavailability， the higher it could promote earthworm reproduction； the total organic carbon fixation rate of earthworm manure after earthworm transformation ranged from 39.63% to 59.28%， and the total nitrogen fixation rate ranged from 65.04% to 95.59%. This study illustrated the effects of different carbon sources on earthworm production and carbon and nitrogen fixation， and provided a reference for the improvement of vermiculture and low-carbon solid waste composting process. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Mixed Saline-alkali Stress on Leaf Structure and Photosynthetic Fluorescence Properties of Jujube Min YAN, Yan WANG, Chengcheng WANG, Songchao GUO, Dengyang LU, Cuiyun WU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (3): 57-65.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0865 Abstract （366）   HTML （8）    PDF （4292KB）（843）       Knowledge map    Save To further investigate the physiological response mechanisms of jujube to mixed saline-alkali stress， the experiment was conducted to simulate soil salinity stress by different concentrations of NaCl and NaHCO3 at full fruit period of Junzao， including 0， 60， 120， 180， 240 and 300 mmol·L-1. The changes of microstructure， ultrastructure， photosynthesis and fluorescence parameters of Junzao leaves under different stress levels were analyzed. The results showed that， with the increase of salt concentration， the leaf thickness， cuticle thickness， epidermal thickness and fenestrated tissue thickness of jujube showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing， and the thickness of spongy tissue and cell structure laxity gradually decreased. When salt concentrations was higher than 180 mmol·L-1， the number of osmiophilic particles in chloroplasts increased significantly， their size became larger， and the structure of stromal lamellae was loosened. Meanwhile， with the increase of stress level， net photosynthetic rate， stomatal conductance and transpiration rate gradually decreased， intercellular CO2 concentration increased， which indicated photosynthetic limitation was dominated by non-stomatal factors. Under high level treatments of 240 and 300 mmol·L-1， F0 significantly increased， while Fm， Fv/Fm， Fv/F0 significantly decreased， ABS/RC， TRo/RC and DIo/RC showed an overall trend of first decrease and then increase， and ETo/RC showed a continuous decreasing trend. In conclusion， higher saline-alkali stress could cause significant changes in the ultrastructure of Junzao leaves， inhibite the photosynthetic capacity， increase the size and number of osmiophilic vesicles， and appear the starch grains， which provided a theoretical basis for the in-depth study of the salt tolerance mechanism of jujube. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Amino Acid Content Analysis of Different Fresh Corn Varieties at Suitable Harvest Time Baishan LU, Hui DONG, Jiuran ZHAO, Li XU, Yanli FAN, Yaxing SHI, Ronghuan WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (11): 132-142.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0680 Abstract （1548）   HTML （8）    PDF （544KB）（825）       Knowledge map    Save The amino acid content of 26 different fresh corn varieties was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）， and the similarity between different types of fresh corn and WHO/FAO standard amino acid model value was compared， and the amino acid content was analyzed by amino acid ratio coefficient method. The results showed that，the total amino acid content of the tested fresh corn varieties ranged from 6.85 to 16.66 mg·g-1， and Jingketian 533 （16.66 mg·g-1）， Jingkenuo 623 （12.01 mg·g-1） and Nongkenuo 336 （14.44 mg·g-1） was higher than other varieties of sweet， waxy， sweet+waxy type， respectively. Essential amino acids accounted for 10.38%~22.43%， and Jingketian 816 （17.39%）， Jingkenuo 656 （22.43%） and Nongkeyu 368 （18.16%） was higher than other varieties of sweet， waxy， sweet+waxy type， respectively. Analysis of flavor amino acids showed the content of fresh and sweet amino acids of Jingketian 533 and Nongkenuo 336 were higher than that of other varieties. The content of methionine+cysteine was higher than that of WHO/FAO standard mode， while the content of other amino acids were lower than the standard amino acid model value， belonging to the relative lack of amino acids. There were 6 varieties with amino acid ratio coefficient score （SRC） more than 50， including sweet corn varieties Jingketian 183 （58.17）， Jingketian 608 （57.79）， Jingketian 533 （53.32） and Jingketian 816 （53.03）， sweet+waxy corn varieties Nongkeyu 368（51.05） and Nongkenuo 336 （50.63）， indicating that their protein nutritional value was balanced and easy to be absorbed and utilized by the human body. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development and Effect Evaluation of KASP Markers for Fiber Strength in Gossypium hirsutum L. Lihua LI, Zhengwen SUN, Huifeng KE, Qishen GU, Liqiang WU, Yan ZHANG, Guiyin ZHANG, Xingfen WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (2): 46-55.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0818 Abstract （409）   HTML （6）    PDF （2064KB）（817）       Knowledge map    Save Fiber strength （FS） is an important indicator of fiber quality traits， and developing molecular markers associated with target traits would improve the selection accuracy and accelerate the process for breeding. The selected KASP markers were genotyped among 376 varieties （lines）， and then the polymorphism and the efficacy for higher strength were analyzed. 3 SNP markers showed polymorphic in the population， and the selection rate of FS-15 for high-strength fiber was 63.2% while FS-16 and FS-29 were 60.0% and 56.1%， respectively. Furthermore， the evaluation efficacy of different haplotype combination （Hap1， Hap2， Hap3 and Hap4） suggested that the accessions harboring Hap3 （TTA） showed higher fiber strength than those harboring other haplotypes. The selection rate of Hap3 for higher strength was 72.7%. In addition， Hap3 had no adverse effect on fiber length， boll weigh， seed index and lint index. The above results indicated these KASP markers and Hap3 could be used for selection of higher strength materials by providing genotypic information and did not adversely affect the fiber length， boll weight， seed index and lint index. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Improved YOLOv5 Model in Citrus Recognition in Natural Environment Jun TIE, Jie ZHAO, Lu ZHENG, Lifeng WU, Bowen HONG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (7): 111-120.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0994 Abstract （378）   HTML （13）    PDF （5892KB）（811）       Knowledge map    Save Green citrus in complex natural environment had different growth forms and similar color to the background color， so a detection method based on hybrid attention mechanism and improved YOLOv5 model was proposed to effectively identify green citrus. Firstly， the method improved the network structure of YOLOv5 by adding a hybrid attention mechanism in the backbone network etc.， embedding SE （squeeze and excitation） attention in layer 2 and CA （coordinate attention） attention in layer 11 of the backbone network； secondly， it improved the feature fusion structure of the network model， the lower branch was placed before the model C3 module， by combining the YOLOv5 model and concat feature fusion operation，and then the features were fused with another upper branch； finally， the classification loss function of the model was improved， and the classification loss function of the YOLOv5 model was changed to Varifocal Loss function to enhance the extraction of green citrus feature information and improve the accuracy of green citrus detection. According to the natural environment and the characteristics of the citrus itself， the self-built dataset was classified and 3 sets of comparison tests of citrus under different classification scenarios were designed to verify its effectiveness. The test results showed that the improved YOLOv5-SC model had higher precision and better robustness for the recognition of green citrus in natural environment， which accuracy was 91.74%， average accuracy was 95.09%， and F1 was 89.56%， and it provided technical support for smart picking of green fruits. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Sand Fixation Using Microbially Induced Carbonate Precipitation on Leaf Traits and Physiological Characteristics of Typical Psammophytes Hongshuo ZHAO, Hongyu CAO, Guanglei GAO, Zhe SUN, Ying ZHANG, Guodong DING Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (6): 170-182.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0420 Abstract （245）   HTML （1）    PDF （6571KB）（806）       Knowledge map    Save Microorganism induced carbonate precipitation （MICP） can fill soil pores， reduce water evaporation and enhance the wind erosion resistance of aeolian sandy soil. Its effect of wind prevention and sand fixation has been confirmed， but its impact on the leaf characteristics and growth physiological process of sandy plants is not clear. In order to reveal the effect of micro-organism-induced calcium carbonate precipitation and sand fixation on the leaf characteristics and photosynthetic physiological characteristics of desert plants， the indoor pot experiment was carried out with 4 kinds of desert plants， namely， Agriophyllum squarostrum， Astragalus laxmannii， Caragana korshinskii and Corethrodendron fruticosum as the research objects. The leaf characteristics and physiological characteristics of desert plants with high （H）， middle （M） and low （L） microbial agent levels and top （T）， centre （C） and bottom （B） of consolidation layer were compared and analyzed. The results were followed. ① Microorganism induced carbonate was distributed among the aeolian sand particles， and it was cubic， rhombic， spherical and amorphous， which could cement the aeolian sand particles. ② The microbial agent treatment significantly increased the soil organic matter and calcium carbonate contents of 4 types of sandy plants. When high level of microbial agents were applied， the soil organic matter and calcium carbonate contents of consolidation B layer treatment group were significantly higher than those of the other treatment groups. The organic matter content in the soil of A. laxmannii increased the most， reaching to 90.19%， while the calcium carbonate content in the soil of C. korshinskii increased the most， reaching to 41.47%. ③ The specific leaf area of A. squarostrum in high level microbial agent treatment group was significantly higher than those in other treatment groups， average increase of 0.98%； and the dry matter contents of A. squarostrum and A. laxmannii in low level microbial agent treatment group were significantly higher than those in other treatment groups， with an average increase of 34.11% and 24.18%， respectively. In the consolidation layer C treatment group， the specific leaf areas of A. squarostrum， A. laxmannii and C. korshinskii were significantly lower than those in the other treatment groups. ④ The content of chlorophyll in leaves of A. squarostrum， A. laxmannii and C. korshinskii under the high level microbial agent treatment group were significantly higher than those in the other treatment groups， with an average increase of 9.01%， 12.97%， and 31.77%， respectively； and the maximum net photosynthetic rates of the middle level microbial agent treatment group were significantly higher than those in the other treatment groups， with an average increase of 55.70%， 48.39% and 13.24%， respectively. In conclusion， the application of microbial agent could increase the contents of soil organic matter and calcium carbonate， provided sufficient nutrients for plant growth. Therefore， the photosynthetic physiological characteristics of A. membranaceus， A. obliquus， and C. caragana under the microbial agent treatment groups were significantly higher than those of control. However， the response of plant leaf traits to soil organic matter and calcium carbonate content was not significant. MICP could promote the leaf traits and photosynthetic physiological characteristics of A. squarostrum under the middle level microbial agent treatment and the high level treatment of A. laxmannii and C. korshinskii， but could inhibit the leaf traits and physiological characteristics of C. fruticosum. Above results provided theoretical basis and scientific support for enriching and improving the technology of microbial induced calcium carbonate precipitation and sand fixation. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Prediction of Anthocyanin Content in Perilla frutescens Leaves Based on RGB and CIELab Dongyu LIU-XU, Xiaoxiao GUO, Chenqing FU, Rui HAN, Guohui LI, Xiuping WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (7): 103-110.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0164 Abstract （427）   HTML （1）    PDF （1134KB）（802）       Knowledge map    Save In order to promote the breeding of Perilla frutescens varieties with high anthocyanin and guide the production management of Perilla frutescens under the stress of adversity， Perilla frutescens was as the research object， the field leaves were collected and taken photos with a digital camera. The image color of photo was analyzed by red green blue color space （RGB） and CIELab color space. And the relationship between color parameters and leaf anthocyanin content was analyzed for screening out color parameters with high correlation coefficient. Univariate regression inversion model was established， and finally the best predictive model of anthocyanin content in the leaves of Perilla frutescens was obtained. The results showed that in RGB color space， the normalized redness intensity （NRI） and normalized greenness intensity （NGI） had significant correlations with anthocyanin content， and the correlation coefficient of NGI was greater than that of NRI. When the contribution ratio of leaves front and leaves back was 2∶1， the correlation between NGI and anthocyanin content was the highest with the correlation coefficient 0.853 2. Compared with different models，it was found that the exponential model established with NGI as the independent variable had the best fitting effect with the correlation coefficient 0.838 1 and the coefficient of determination （R2） 0.755 0. In the CIELab color space， a* had the best correlation with anthocyanin content， and the correlation coefficient reached the maximum （0.735 6） when the contribution ratio of leaf front and leaf back was 2∶1. The power model based on a* had the best fitting effect，and the correlation coefficient and R2 were 0.743 8 and 0.679 8， respectively. The NGI model and a* model were respectively used to estimate the content of anthocyanin in leaves. After verification， it was found that the prediction effect of the a* model was better with higher accuracy and stability. Therefore， the model of a* was used as the best model to predict the content of anthocyanins in Perilla frutescens leaves. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Cloning and Expression Analysis of Wheat TaCOBL- 5 Genes Xinyue BAO, Hongmin CHEN, Weiwei WANG, Yimiao TANG, Zhaofeng FANG, Jinxiu MA, Dezhou WANG, Jinghong ZUO, Zhanjun YAO Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (6): 11-21.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0172 Abstract （410）   HTML （23）    PDF （3595KB）（797）       Knowledge map    Save Wheat yield directly impacts food security in China， but various abiotic stresses such as drought， low temperature， salt and high temperature severely constrain wheat production. In previous analysis， transcriptomic data revealed differential expression of wheat TaCOBL-5D under multiple abiotic stresses. TaCOBL-5D and its homologous genes TaCOBL-5A and TaCOBL-5B were cloned and obtained， and the comprehensive bioinformatics and expression pattern were analyzed. The results showed that TaCOBL-5 genes exhibited significant conservation in gene structure， protein tertiary structure， conserved domains， and promoter regulatory elements with COBL genes from other species. TaCOBL-5 genes exhibited the highest expression level in roots and responded differently to various abiotic stresses， especially significantly down-regulated under drought stress， indicating its importance under drought stress； it also showed different responses to low temperature， high temperature， and salt stress. In addition， the expression level of the TaCOBL-5D gene varied significantly among different drought-resistant and high-temperature-resistant materials， further suggesting its important role in stress resistance. These findings laid the foundation for further understanding of the function of COBL genes in wheat and provided scientific support for wheat breeding efforts aimed at enhancing stress tolerance. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Characteristics Analysis of Meat Fatty Acids of Tibetan Sheep at Different Altitudes Under Natural Grazing Conditions Ying XU, Yue REN, Yuzhu SHA, Xiaoning PU, Xinyu GUO, Liangwei YAO, Pengyang SHAO, Jiqing WANG, Shaobin LI, Xiu LIU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (4): 67-76.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0760 Abstract （384）   HTML （2）    PDF （463KB）（793）       Knowledge map    Save In order to study the contents and composition of fatty acids in meat of Tibetan sheep at different altitudes under natural grazing conditions， 6 ewes （3 years old） of Tibetan sheep at different elevations were selected， including high （4 500 m）， middle （3 500 m） and low （2 500 m） altitudes. The composition and contents of fatty acids in longissimus dorsi， foreleg muscle and hindleg muscle were determined. The results showed that there were significant differences in fatty acid composition and content among Tibetan sheeps at different altitudes. Among them， the content of myristic acid （C14∶0） was the lowest in 3 muscle tissues of Tibetan sheeps at low altitude. And the content of oleic acid （C18∶1n9c） was the highest in 3 muscle tissues of Tibetan sheep at low altitude， which was significantly higher than that at middle and high altitudes. The ratios of polyunsaturated fatty acids （PUFA） to saturated fatty acids （SFA） （P/S） in different muscle tissues were from 0.168 to 0.504， and the P/S value of the longissimus dorsi muscle of Tibetan sheep at high altitude was significantly higher than that of middle and low altitudes. To sum up， except the longissimus dorsi of Tibetan sheep at high altitude area， the composition of fatty acids in different muscle tissues of Tibetan sheep at low altitude area had more advantages， which had good edible value and potential to produce high-grade mutton. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification and Characterization of IPT Gene Family in Brassica rapa L. Bo LIU, Wangtian WANG, Li MA, Junyan WU, Yuanyuan PU, Lijun LIU, Yan FANG, Wancang SUN, Yan ZHANG, Ruimin LIU, Xiucun ZENG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (2): 56-66.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0373 Abstract （444）   HTML （5）    PDF （4158KB）（787）       Knowledge map    Save Isopentenyltransferase （IPT） is the first limiting enzyme for cytokinin biosynthesis， so to analyze the function of the IPT gene family in Brassica rapa L.， a total of 13 BrIPT genes were identified from the genome of Brassica rapa L. by bioinformatics， which were heterogeneously distributed on 7 chromosomes. These BrIPT genes were divided into 4 substrates and each BrIPT gene included 8~10 conserved motifs and 1~2 UTR regions. The promoter regions of BrIPT genes contained numerous responsive elements. The BrIPT genes were regulated by environmental factors， biohormones， defense and stress. The qRT-PCR results showed that the tRNA-IPT genes BrIPT4， BrIPT6 and BrIPT9 were expressed in various parts of Brassica rapa L.. The expressions of IPT genes in Brassica rapa L. were higher at the mature stage than those at the seedling stage. The above results provided some basis for subsequent in-depth studies on the physiological and biochemical functions of IPT gene family members. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research and Application of Directed Micro -Ecology in Soybean -Nodulating Rhizobia Yi CAO, Wenjing CUI, Ruiqiang MA Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (4): 215-224.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0758 Abstract （654）   HTML （1）    PDF （2052KB）（785）       Knowledge map    Save China has abundant soybean-nodulating rhizobia germplasm resources， but its application progress is slow， which inoculation area is only 1%~3% of the total soybean planting area in the country. The main reason for the situation is that rhizobia cannot produce spores and have poor stress resistance， resulting in short product shelf life and unstable application effects. In order to diversify， functionalize and differentiate rhizobia products and improve product activity and application effects， a directed micro-ecology （DME） system was used to optimize the culture and successfully achieved the directing cultivation as well as application evaluation of rhizobia and bacillus strains. The optimal culture medium for rhizobia （25.5 mL·L-1 molasses solution， 15.2 g·L-1 yeast extract， pH 6.98） was obtained through single-factor experiment of culture medium and response surface method. The medium formulation was applied in DME incubator at proper ventilation volume and incubation time， which made 1 strain of rhizobia （100 L·min-1， 20 h） and 3 strains of bacillus （150 L·min-1， 14 h） to achieve more than 50-folds amplification of microbial quantities to reach （20~50）×108 CFU·mL-1， and the rate of miscellaneous microorganism contamination was controlled below 5%. Pot experiments showed that the treatments of DME incubating strains were significantly better than the similar treatments of conventional cultured strains in the laboratory， which indicated that the DME incubator could better realize the application performances of functional microorganisms. The combination of rhizobia and bacillus could assist the rhizobia to better deliver its symbiotic function， which was specifically reflected in the increased number of nodules and chlorophyll content in the seedling stage， and the final yield was increased by nearly 20%， compared with single rhizobia strain. The DME system proposed in this study through the control of directed nutrition and growth strategies， allowed the target functional microorganisms to reach application-level yield and purity in a microecological environment containing a variety of microorganisms， achieving the same application performance as pure culture microbial product. It had important significance and application value to promote the industrialization of rhizobia， accelerating the promotion and application of functional strains. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Melatonin on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Chaotian Pepper Under Drought Stress Qianya WEI, Xinqi LIN, Lamei LIANG, Zhongwei QIN, Yingzhi LI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (4): 46-57.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0893 Abstract （403）   HTML （6）    PDF （8331KB）（779）       Knowledge map    Save In order to improve the seed germination and seedling growth of Chaotian pepper under drought stress， 1， 5， 25， 50， 75， 100， 125， 150 μmol·L-1 of melatonin solution were used to initiate the treatment of Chaotian pepper seeds， and 10% PEG solution was used to simulate water stress， and the seed germination， seedling growth and physiological changes of Chaotian pepper were analyzed. The results showed that 100 μmol·L-1 melatonin solution significantly increased the germination potential， germination rate， germination index and vigor index of the seeds under drought stress， which were increased by 425.01%， 122.73%， 178.55% and 796.93%， respectively， compared with the seeds without initiation. 100 μmol·L-1 melatonin solution could significantly increase the plant length， root length， above ground height， fresh weight， root fresh weight， above ground fresh weight and plant dry weight of Chaotian pepper seedlings under drought stress，which were increased by 146.70%， 221.74%， 70.00%， 48.88%， 121.66%， 39.38% and 285.71%， respectively，compared with the seeds without initiation. Physiological analysis showed that the catalase （CAT） activity， ascorbate peroxidase （APX） activity， and soluble sugar（SS） content of seeds induced by 100 μmol·L-1 melatonin solution were the highest， while malondialdehyde （MDA） and hydrogen peroxide （H2O2） contents were the lowest. After germination of seeds induced by 100 μmol·L-1 melatonin under drought stress， the highest levels of peroxidase （POD） activity， CAT activity， APX activity， SS， soluble protein （SP）， and proline （Pro） contents were observed in the seedlings； MDA and reactive oxygen species （ROS） had the lowest content. Above results indicated that using 100 μmol·L-1 melatonin solution could induce the germination and growth of Chaotian pepper seeds under drought stress， which provided reference for drought resistant cultivation and breeding of Chaotian pepper. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Pyrolysis Temperature and Time on Physicochemical Properties and Adsorption Properties of Biochar Zhiwei LYU, Dongmei LI, Meijuan JIN, Yanhui ZHANG, Yueyue TAO, Xinwei ZHOU, Haihou WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (2): 211-217.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0453 Abstract （299）   HTML （2）    PDF （887KB）（750）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore the response of physicochemical properties and adsorption properties of biochar to pyrolysis temperature and time， and clarify the appropriate time for preparing biochar at different pyrolysis temperatures， the garden waste branches were used as raw materials， and 5 pyrolysis times （12， 24， 36， 48， 60 min） were set at conventional pyrolysis temperatures of 450 and 650 ℃. The effects of pyrolysis time on biochar yield， pH， ash content， aromaticity， hydrophilicity， polarity and iodine adsorption value at different pyrolysis temperatures were analyzed. The results showed that the yield of biochar decreased with the increase of pyrolysis time. At 450 ℃， compared with 12 min pyrolysis treatment， the yield of biochar decreased significantly under 24， 36， 48 and 60 min pyrolysis treatments， but there was no significant difference among these treatments， and the above changes were consistent with those at 650 ℃. With the increase of pyrolysis time， the pH， ash content and aromaticity of biochar increased continuously， while the hydrophilicity and polarity decreased continuously. At 450 ℃， there was little or no significant difference in each index under 48 and 60 min pyrolysis treatments. At 650 ℃， there was no significant difference in pH of biochar under 24， 36， 48 and 60 min pyrolysis treatments， and there was no significant change in ash content， aromaticity， hydrophilicity and polarity of biochar under 36， 48 and 60 min pyrolysis treatments. With the increase of pyrolysis time， the iodine adsorption value of biochar increased continuously. At 450 ℃， the iodine adsorption value of biochar was the largest under 48 and 60 min pyrolysis treatments， which was higher than other treatments. At 650 ℃ for 36， 48 and 60 min pyrolysis， the pyrolysis time had no significant effect on the iodine adsorption value of biochar. Based on the changes of physical and chemical properties and adsorption properties of biochar， the pyrolysis time required for the preparation of biochar at 450 ℃ should not be less than 48 min， and the pyrolysis time at 650 ℃ should not be less than 36 min. Above the time value， the effect of pyrolysis time on the properties and functions of biochar should be significantly reduced. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Drug Resistance and Genotype Analysis of Escherichia coli in Healthy Chickens from Zhaosu， Yili， Xinjiang Hongbo LI, Yueyue CHEN, Yujie YANG, Qiqi XU, Lei QIN, Xin CAI, Lining XIA Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (11): 123-131.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0268 Abstract （287）   HTML （3）    PDF （547KB）（737）       Knowledge map    Save In order to understand the drug resistance phenotype and genotype carried of Escherichia coli in healthy chickens from three villages in Zhaosu area， Yili， Xinjiang， and guide drug pertinently， 300 chicken anal swab samples were collected from Kemarkgar village， Sentas village and Uklegar village in Zhaosu， Yili and Escherichia coli was isolated and identified. The agar dilution method was used in order to check the drug resistance （MIC） of 9 antibiotics in 6 categories， and PCR was applied to test the corresponding drug resistance genes. The results showed that 289 strains were isolated from the 3 villages， which the separation rates of Sentas village， Kemagar village and Uklegar village were 100.0%， 97.0% and 93.8%. 289 strains of Escherichia coli had high resistance rates to ampicillin， florfenicol and tetracycline， which were 31.5%， 26.0% and 20.1%， respectively. The severity of drug resistance from high to low was Sentas village， Kemakgar village， Uklegar village. The drug resistance rates of Escherichia coli from chicken in Sentas village to ampicillin， cefazolin， florfenicol， enrofloxacin and colistin sulfate were 40.0%， 35.0%， 45.0%， 40.0% and 30.0%， respectively. The drug resistance rate of Escherichia coli from chicken in Uklegar village was the lowest， no more than 20.0%. The richness of drug resistance spectrum of Escherichia coli in different villages was different. Among them， the drug resistance spectrum of Escherichia coli from chicken in Kemakgar village was the most abundant， up to 32 species. Also， the drug resistance spectrums of other 2 villages were more than 10. Gene test results showed that 9 drug resistance genes were detected， of which the detection rates of floR， tet（A） and blaTEM genes were 25.6%， 18.0% and 18.0%， respectively. 9 kinds of drug resistance genes were detected in Escherichia coli from chicken in Kemakgar village， including blaTEM， blaCTX-M， floR， oqxA， oqxB， tet（A）， tet（M）， ant（3''）-Ⅰa， mcr-1； 6 kinds of drug resistance genes were detected in Escherichia coli from chicken in Uklegar Village， including blaTEM， blaCTX-M， floR， oqxA， oqxB， tet（A）； however， only tet（A）， floR， blaCTX-M and blaTEM were detected in Escherichia coli from chicken in Sentas village. To sum up， Escherichia coli from healthy chicken in Zhaosu， Yili， Xinjiang had the characteristics of high isolation rate， high drug resistance rate， rich drug resistance spectrum and low carrying rate of drug resistance genes. At the same time of strengthening the supervision of antibiotics， farms could adopt different drug regimens according to drug sensitivity test results. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research and Application Progress of High Voltage Electrostatic Field in Aquatic Peiliang CHEN, Minjun XU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (2): 13-19.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0928 Abstract （505）   HTML （10）    PDF （471KB）（735）       Knowledge map    Save High-voltage electrostatic field （HVEF） technology involves the integration of physics， chemistry， electronics， biology and other disciplines. It has the advantages of low energy consumption， high efficiency， cleanliness and environmental protection. It is also an important developing direction for disinfection， sterilization， low-carbon and environmental protection in the future， and becomes research hotspot in agriculture field. To promote a more comprehensive development of HVEF， this paper reviewed the main research progress of HVEF in recent 20 years and especially its application in aquaculture， which was expected to promote its application in aquatic product treatment and aquatic breeding， based on the research and application of the biological effects of HVEF in biological breeding. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Recent Advances of CRISPR-Cas System in Genome Editing of Bacillus subtilis Zhikang SUN, Liqun LI, Jie HAO, Han WU, Na WU, Chao ZHENG, Qiang JI, Xuanwen LI, Chen CHEN Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (2): 24-32.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0260 Abstract （545）   HTML （15）    PDF （757KB）（735）       Knowledge map    Save Bacillus subtilis is a food safety microorganism， which has been widely used in industrial fermentation. CRISPR （clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats） mediated genome editing technology has played an important role in the research of microbial metabolic engineering with B. subtilis as the chassis cell. The immune response mechanism and classification of CRISPR-Cas system were introduced， as well as the 3 types of CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing in B. subtilis. It focused on summarizing the latest CRISPR development and design strategies， with a view to providing references for optimizing existing B. subtilis genome editing systems， thereby improving the industrial application potential of B. subtilis. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Topdressing Different Types of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Intercropped Peanut with Wheat Jiayu HU, Yang YANG, Hongyan ZHANG, Bingyang GAO, Linglu WANG, Junying YAN, Xiaomei SUN, Yanan ZHAO, Youliang YE Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (2): 191-197.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0796 Abstract （321）   HTML （7）    PDF （1153KB）（729）       Knowledge map    Save To study the effects of different types of nitrogen fertilizer on the growth and yield of intercropped peanut in sandy soil， the field experiment was conducted in Xinxiang City of Henan Province. 7 treatments were set， including no fertilizer control （CK）， ammonium chloride （AN）， ammonium sulfate （AS）， calcium ammonium nitrate （CAN）， urea （UR）， humic acid urea （UHA） and controlled-release urea （SRU）. The plant height， branch number， compound leaf number， dry matter and pod yield of peanut were investigated. The results showed that， compared with CK， the plant heights of peanut in different stages were increased by all the N fertilizer types. The plant height of UR treatment was relative higher in all growth periods， and were higher in the later growth period under UHA and SRU treatments. The application of N fertilizer could promote the peanut branching， with great increase for AS， UR and SRU treatments before the needling stage. The N fertilizer application significantly affected the number of compound leaves of peanut. The number of compound leaves was less in the early growth stage but more in the late stage for AS and CAN treatments， while were more in the early stage but less in the mature stage for UHA and SRU treatments， the number of compound leaves for AN and UR were relative stable. The N fertilization significantly increased the dry matter accumulation at fruit swelling and maturity stages. Compared with CK， application of N fertilizer increased the yield by 25.0%~61.0%， with the greatest increase by CAN and UHA treatments. The yield increase for UR and SRU treatments were higher than AS and AN. The CAN， UR and SRU treatments significantly decreased bad fruit rate of peanut than other treatments. In conclusion， N fertilizer application could promote the growth and yield of intercropped peanut with wheat， with the best effect for CAN， followed by UHA and SRU. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Different Nitrogen Sources Addition on Humification of Coconut Leaf Compost Xiaohong HUANG, Jing JIAO, Jihua DU, Yi WU, Zunxiang LI, Xinpeng LIU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (2): 162-170.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0650 Abstract （354）   HTML （3）    PDF （1479KB）（721）       Knowledge map    Save In order to investigate the effect of different nitrogen sources on the humification of coconut leaf compost， adding chicken manure， pig manure， biogas residue and urea as control variables to co-compost with coconut leaves，the indexs of temperature， the ratio of carbon to nitrogen ratio（T value）， humic substances， huminification rate， humification index and degree of humus polymerization were analyzed. The results showed that the 4 treatments could maintain the high temperature period （above 55.0 ℃） for more than 15 d， reached the harmless requirements. The T value was less than 0.6， which met the requirements of maturity. Compared with pre-fermentation and post-fermentation， composting led to a decrease in total oganic carbon， but humic substances carbon of 4 treatments increased， and the degree of humification increased. Chicken manure had the best effect on promoting the humification process of compost， after the composting， huminification rate increased by 19.28%， humification index increased by 65.80%， and degree of humus polymerization was 2.38. Adding pig manure as nitrogen source was lower than adding chicken manure， higher than adding biogas residue and urea. The huminification rate of adding biogas residue compost was the highest， but degree of humus polymerization was only 1.61， and the stability of compost products was poor. The decrease of humification index and degree of humus polymerization in coconut leaf compost with urea as nitrogen source hindered its humification process. In conclusion， humification effect was best when adding chicken manure as a nitrogen to source coconut leaf compost， and the results provided a scientific basis for the resource utilization of coconut leaf waste in Hainan. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development Strategy on Agricultural Microbial Industry in China Jingli GUO, Dlxat Nilufar, Daqing WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (11): 1-7.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0682 Abstract （857）   HTML （15）    PDF （510KB）（718）       Knowledge map    Save The international market share of the agricultural microbial industry is increasing， making the development of germplasm resources， key technology research， safety monitoring and protection gradually become a battlefield in the field of agricultural microbial industry. It was found that the development of China's agricultural microbial industry still had limitations such as weak ability to tap and utilize resources， little breakthrough in key core technologies， weak international competitiveness of industrial development， and imperfect safety prevention and control system. In order to ensure national food security， improve the market share of biological agriculture economy， achieve green and sustainable development of agriculture， and consolidate the foundation of agricultural power. The government should accelerate the construction of the national agricultural microbial germplasm bank， strengthen the breakthrough of the key core technologies of agricultural microbial industry， optimize the development layout of agricultural microbial industry， increase support for agricultural microbial enterprises， improve the safety protection and monitoring system of agricultural microbial industry， and comprehensively enhance the international market share and international competitiveness of China's agricultural microbial industry. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Physiological and Chemical Characteristics and Transcriptome Analysis of Different Type of Wheat Seedlings Under Salt Stress Shuang LI, Aiying WANG, Zhen JIAO, Qing CHI, Hao SUN, Tao JIAO Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (2): 20-32.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0679 Abstract （949）   HTML （12）    PDF （3835KB）（713）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the response difference of different types of wheat to salt stress， the leaves of ‘Bainong 889’ and ‘Chinese spring’ seedlings were subjected in 200 mmol·L-1 NaCl solution. The physiological and biochemical characteristics of wheat seedling under salt stress were analyzed， and the differences of gene expression and the occurrence of variable shearing events were investigated based on transcriptomics data. The results showed that， under salt stress， the leaves of ‘Bainong 889’ had less chlorosis than ‘Chinese spring’； the leaves of ‘Chinese spring’ stained by Evans blue were greater and the relative activity of cells was significantly reduced. In addition， ‘Chinese spring’ wheat seedlings significantly wilted under salt stress， while ‘Bainong 889’ was no significant difference compared with control in the morphology. The relative electrolyte leakage rates of both cultivars under salt stress were higher than the control， and that of ‘Chinese spring’ seedlings was the highest. Under salt stress， the concents of chlorophyll a， chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll in leaves of both ‘Bainong 889’ and ‘Chinese spring’ seedlings decreased， and the net photosynthetic rate （Pn） and stomatal conductance （Gs） of ‘Chinese spring’ seedlings were significantly inhibited， while those of ‘Bainong 889’ were similar to the control. Transcriptome sequencing results showed that 2 299 differentially expressed genes were up-regulated and 2 527 differentially expressed genes were down-regulated in ‘Bainong 889’ than ‘Chinese spring’. GO （gene ontology） enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes suggested that functions related to chloroplast， photosynthesis and plasma membrane were significantly enriched. KEGG （Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes） enrichment analysis showed that pathways related to plant hormone signal transduction and plant secondary metabolites were significantly enriched. The analysis of variable shear events in transcriptome data showed that there were more variable shear events in ‘Chinese spring’ under salt stress， which were mainly concentrated in RNA transport and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum. Therefore， wheat could responded to salt stress by regulating the expression of genes related to chlorophyll， plasma membrane， secondary metabolites and photosynthesis. The occurrence of variable shear events also indicated that two types of varieties regulated the gene interaction network distinctively under salt stress. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development Status of Pre-prepared Poultry Meat Dishes Industry， Influencing Factors and Promotion Strategies of Its Quality and Safety Shenghai HUANG, Xiujun TANG, Xiaoxu JIA, Lina MA, Yinyin LIU, Yushi GAO Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (6): 133-140.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0543 Abstract （1591）   HTML （1）    PDF （519KB）（707）       Knowledge map    Save Pre-prepared poultry meat dishes plays an important role in improving people’s living standards， rural revitalization， standardization of the catering industry and high-quality development of the poultry industry. However， there are many unfavorable factors affecting the quality and safety during the production and consumption processes of pre-prepared poultry meat dishes. The factors that affect quality and safety in various aspects such as poultry breeding and slaughtering， processing and packaging， storage and transportation， sales and consumption of pre-prepared poultry meat dishes were analyzed. According to the establishment of poultry ecological breeding environment and input management， the construction of poultry slaughtering site and production management， the optimization of pre-prepared poultry meat dishes processing technology and the implementation of green label system， the selection of packaging materials and the application of packaging technology， the establishment of scientific management system and the application of information technology in storage and transportation， the improvement of sales management system and scientific guidance to consumers and so on， corresponding optimization strategies were proposed aiming to promote the improvements of quality and safety and the development of the pre-prepared poultry meat dishes industry， which provided a theoretical basis and model reference for rural revitalization， the solution of the problem of ‘agriculture， rural areas and farmers’， the development of poultry industry and catering industry， the needs of the people for a better life and the construction of ecological civilization. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics