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Effect of Exogenous NO on Expression of Tomato Antioxidant Enzyme Gene Under Tomato Yellowing Leaf Curl Virus Stress Jincheng LUO, Xiaolin ZHU, Xiaohong WEI, Xian WANG, Baoqiang WANG, Xuefen DU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (2): 125-135.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0647 Abstract （2569）   HTML （5）    PDF （2999KB）（417）       Knowledge map    Save In order to investigate the effect of exogenous nitric oxide （NO） on the expression of tomato antioxidant gene under the stress of tomato yellow leaf curl virus （TYLCV）， the susceptible tomato Jinpeng 1 was used as the experimental material. Transcriptome sequencing， fluorescent qRT-PCR and bioinformatics analysis were performed under control （CK）， TYLCV （TY） and NO+TYLCV （NO+TY） treatments. The results showed that a total of 55 antioxidase-coding genes were selected in the tomato genome， among which the antioxidase-containing genes with the highest number of exons in different subcellular regions were significantly responsive to TYLCV stress. The number of NO-mediated antioxidant enzyme coding genes in different subcellular compartms showed chloroplast>cell membrane>cytoplasm>peroxisome>vacuole， in which the expression levels of Chl Cu-Zn SOD， Chl MR2， Chl GR， Per MR， Pla CAT1 and Pla CAT7 were significantly up-regulated， and the expression levels of Chl Fe SOD1， Chl Fe SOD2， Cyt GPX， Cyt APX1， Cyt APX2 L-5， Pla CAT3， Pla CAT8 and Vac CAT were significantly down-regulated. Fluorescence qRT-PCR verified that Chl GR， Min Mn SOD and Per CAT2 responded to TYLCV， and Chl Cu-Zn SOD， Pla CAT7， Pla CAT8 and Cyt APX2 L-5 responded to TYLCV and NO. Above results provided theoretical basis for studying the mechanism of NO in improving tomato disease resistance. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Physiological Response of Tobacco Infected by Phytophthora to Trichoderma harzianum Inoculation Sequence Zhichao REN, Yaohui MU, Xuyang YAO, Shue LI, Yongfeng ZHANG, Tianbao REN, Guoshun LIU, Quanyu YIN Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (1): 155-164.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0544 Abstract （2508）   HTML （2）    PDF （1598KB）（382）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the physiological response of tobacco plant infected by Phytophthora to Trichoderma harzianum application sequence， the pot experiments were carried out with different treatments including inoculated with Phytophthora spore suspension （T1）， inoculated with T. harzianum spore suspension （T2）， inoculated with Phytophthora spore suspension first and then inoculated with T. harzianum spore suspension （T3）， inoculated with T.harzianum spore suspension first and then inoculated with Phytophthora spore suspension （T4）， inoculated with Phytophthora spore suspension and T. harzianum spore suspension at the same time （T5）， and clear water （CK） as controls. The effects of T. harzianum application sequence on biological characteristics， physiological characteristics and induced resistance of tobacco infected by Phytophthora were analyzed. The results showed that， in the growth of tobacco plants， the agronomic characters of tobacco plants with T4 treatment increased the most， and the dry and fresh weight of underground parts increased by 103.73% and 8.30% compared with CK. In the physiological characteristics of tobacco plants， T. harzianum could reduce the inhibition of Phytophthora on photosynthetic pigment accumulation and root activity of tobacco plants， and significantly increase both of them， and it could also strengthen the activities of enzymes related to carbon and nitrogen metabolism in tobacco plants. After transplanting 21 d， the activities of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase with T4 treatment increased by 13.14% and 6.40%， respectively. In the control effect， T4 treatment had the lowest incidence and disease index， which were 39.39% and 13.89%， and the highest antioxidant enzyme activity. In conclusion， there were significant differences in the physiological response of tobacco plants to the inoculation sequence of T. harzianum. In production， T. harzianum should be inoculated in advance to promote the growth and development of tobacco and inhibit the incidence of black shank disease. Above results laid a theoretical foundation for the regulation of tobacco growth and development and the comprehensive prevention and control of black shank. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Biocontrol Mechanism and Synergistic Disease Prevention of Trichoderma Xiao WEI, Chunxia CAO, Daye HUANG, Jingwu YAO, Qinfeng YUAN Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (11): 126-135.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0524 Abstract （2480）   HTML （9）    PDF （551KB）（90）       Knowledge map    Save Trichoderma is a widely distributed filamentous fungus and widely used as a biological fungicide to control a variety of plant diseases in agriculture due to its excellent biocontrol potential. Trichoderma can reduce plant diseases caused by pathogens through different direct mechanisms （mycoparasitism and the production of cell wall degrading enzymes， antibiosis， competition for space or nutrients） or indirect mechanisms （induction of plant defense ）. Compound biocontrol agents have received increasing attention in recent years. Trichoderma can be used in combination with other biocontrol products to produce better biocontrol effects because of its resistance to chemical pesticides and compatibility with rhizosphere microorganisms. The related mechanisms of Trichoderma， including parasitism， antibiosis， nutrient competition and induction of plant resistance were summarized， and the current research progress were discussed. In addition， the research progress of synergistic disease prevention between Trichoderma and other microorganisms or non-biological （chemical fungicides， other substances） with disease prevention effect was reviewed， and the current research status and the subsequent development prospects of Trichoderma as a biological fungicide were explored. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification and Sensitivity to Fungicides of Pathogen Species of Hass Avocado Fruit Anthracnose Jinlin LIU, Yingying CHEN, Xiaomei LAN, Haiyong CHEN, Pengsheng LI, Bi QIN, Ye YANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (1): 138-146.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0702 Abstract （2344）   HTML （1）    PDF （3306KB）（25）       Knowledge map    Save To identify the pathogen of anthracnose in avocado and screen the suitable fungicides， fruit samples of Hass avocado suspected anthracnose disease from Danzhou city， Hainan province were sampled. And the pathogen was isolated and identified. The pathogenicity of strain was confirmed according to Koch’s postulate. And the sensitivity of pathogenic strain to 9 fungicides were evaluated in vitro using mycelium radial growth assay. The results showed that the 4 pathogenic strains were identified as Colletotrichum siamense according to the morphological and phylogenetic analyses of multi-locus sequences. All of 4 strains showed virulence and high pathogenicity to avocado fruits. Among 9 fungicides， prochloraz was the most effective with the mean effective inhibitory medium concentration （EC50） values of 0.11 mg·L-1， and azoxystrobin， difenoconazole， pyrazoxystrobin， penthiopyrad and carbendazim followed with mean EC50 values ranged from 2.09 to 4.29 mg·L-1. So these 6 above-mentioned fungicides exhibited strong inhibitory activities against the mycelial growth of C. siamense， which could be used as candidate agents for the control of avocado anthracnose. Above results should help in developing strategies for the management and control of anthracnose in avocado. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Bacillus thuringiensi on Intestinal Bacteria in Ectropis obliqua Ruoheng JIN, Xiaoyu LI, Jingwu YAO, Beibei WANG, Chunxia CAO, Daye HUANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (2): 141-149.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0794 Abstract （2257）   HTML （1）    PDF （3110KB）（79）       Knowledge map    Save Ectropis obliqua is one of the most important pests on tea， which has brought serious economic losses to the tea industry. Bacillus thuringiensis （Bt）?， as a key biological insecticide for the control of E. obliqua， plays an important role in the green prevention and control of diseases and pests in tea gardens. To clarify the effect of Bt treatment on intestinal bacteria of E. obliqua larvae， the Illumina platform using 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing was applied to compare the structure and population diversity of intestinal commensal community in E. obliqua larvae treated with different dosage of Bt suspensions. The results showed that， compared with CK treatment， the intestinal bacterial composition of E. obliqua larvae treated with lower dosage of Bt did not change significantly， but those treated with higher dosage of Bt had significant effect on the composition of intestinal bacteria in E. obliqua larvae. And the treatments with higher dosage of Bt significantly increased the diversity and abundance of intestinal bacteria in E. obliqua larvae， which indicated that intestinal microorganisms were involved in the response of E. obliqua larvae to Bt infection. Above results provided basis for further exploring the insecticidal mechanism of Bt， and provided new ideas for improving the virulence of Bt. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Symptoms and Pathogen Identification of Ficus carica Bacterial Leaf Spot Disease in Fujian Mengting JI, Ling ZHU, Xiaohua LUO, Yuting ZHENG, Shun XIAO, Fangping HU, Xueqing CAI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (1): 147-154.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0546 Abstract （2228）   HTML （0）    PDF （2145KB）（563）       Knowledge map    Save To clarify the taxonomy of the pathogen causing a new bacterial leaf spot disease on fig （Ficus carica） in Fuzhou in 2020， diseased fig leaves were collected as test materials. The bacterial strains were isolated from the diseased leaves by streak plate method， and then the pathogenicity of the strains was determined by tobacco allergic reaction， spray inoculated fig leaves and Koch’s rule. The pathogen was identified based on morphological characteristics， physiological and biochemical determination， and phylogenetic tree analysis using partial sequences of 16S rDNA， gyrB and rpoD. The results showed that 10 bacterial strains were isolated and purified from the diseased leaves， healthy fig leaves demonstrated similar symptoms as the specimen collected from fields， and the identical morphological bacterial strains were re-isolated from diseased fig leaves. Thus， all of the bacterial strains were identified as the causal pathogens of bacterial leaf spot disease by Koch’s rule. The colony morphology was light yellow， round， and flat on the NA medium after 2 d of culture， and the gram staining reaction was negative. The bacterial strains could produce green water-soluble fluorescent on KB medium. The sequencing analysis based on 16S rDNA， gyrB and rpoD showed that the test strains were clustered with Pseudomonas cichorii； and the results of physiological and biochemical characteristics， Biolog phenotypes instrument， and specific primers were similar to the P. cichorii strain 5707， therefore the 10 isolated bacterial strains were identified as P. cichorii. It was the first report that P. cichorii could naturally cause the leaf spot disease in F. carica. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Chinese Chestnut Yellow Crinkle Disease on Quality of Chestnut Dexuan ZHO, Peng GAO, Xiaolei WEN, Shifeng MU, Suhong GAO, Lina FENG, Weiming SUN, Huixia QI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (2): 136-140.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0844 Abstract （1898）   HTML （2）    PDF （559KB）（20）       Knowledge map    Save In order to comprehensively evaluate the effect of Chinese chestnut yellow crinkle disease on the quality of chestnut nuts， the related indexes of nut quality of trees were determined， and the effect of the disease on nut quality was analyzed. The results showed that， compared with healthy trees， the contents of trace elements in nut of diseased trees were increased， and the contents of amino acids， total phenols and flavonoids were significantly increased by 24.93%， 20.54% and 36.33%， respectively. The chestnut bracts of diseased trees had long and sof spines， uneven color of nuts， the wrinkled surface and the rough texture. The number of grains per bract， the weight of single bract， the full nut rate and the yield per plant of diseased trees were significantly reduced， among them， the yield per plant was reduced by 96.45% compared with the healthy tree. Above results provided a theoretical basis for scientific evaluation of the effect of Chinese chestnut yellow crinkle disease on nut quality. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Transcriptome Analysis of Resistance to Sharp Eyespot of Wheat Mediated by Piriformospora indica and Key Genes Screening Shuo SHI, Yu FENG, Liang LI, Rui MENG, Yanze ZHANG, Xiurong YANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (5): 133-145.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0152 Abstract （1868）   HTML （1）    PDF （8319KB）（193）       Knowledge map    Save Sharp eyespot of wheat is a frequent soil borne disease worldwide， which has serious harm on stable and high yield of wheat. To clarify the induction effect of Piriformospora indica， an endophytic fungus， on wheat resistance to sharp eyespot and to use a biological method which breaking through the traditional chemical control mode to enhance wheat resistance to sharp eyespot， wheat seeds were soaked in P. indica spore solution， followed by inoculation with Rhizoctonia cerealis， and physiological and biochemical indicators and transcriptome results were analyzed. The results showed that pre-colonization of P. indica in wheat could enhance the activity of antioxidant enzymes， alleviate the reduction of relative water content caused by Rhizoctonia cerealis and increase the membrane stability that partially destroyed by the fungi by 39.6%， and could also raise the content of chlorophyll by 32.3%， improving the photosynthesis ability of wheat. The transcriptome analysis revealed that the colonization of P. indica could restore the transcriptome changes caused by pathogenic fungi， induce the expression of related resistance genes， and improved plant biomass by influencing hormonal metabolic pathways. The resistance of wheat to R. cerealis had been comprehensively promoted by various ways and means. Key genes including TraesCS1A02G372300 and TraesCS1B02G393100 etc had been screened based on the transcriptome data， which would provide theoretical and experimental basis for catching on the kernal layer of plant-microbe interaction and acceleration of the breeding work related to disease resistance and yield increase. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization of Extraction Technology and Antifungal Activity of Total Diterpene from Fokienia Hodginsii Shuoshuo FU, Weiyong GONG, Yixuan LIN, Yuanshun LI, Chengcan LIU, Lin NI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (5): 146-155.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0391 Abstract （1734）   HTML （4）    PDF （3472KB）（51）       Knowledge map    Save To optimize the extraction process of total diterpene from Fokienia hodginsii leaves and antifungal activity， the response surface method was used， and the antifungal activity of total diterpenoids of Fokienia hodginsii leaves against 6 plant pathogenic fungi was investigated by mycelium growth rate method. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Panz. was used as the test bacterium， and the changes of physiological and biochemical indexes of mycelia and the activity of protective enzymes were further determined to explore the antifungal activity of total diterpene extracts. The results showed that the optimal process conditions were as follows： anhydrous ethanol was used as the extraction solvent， extraction temperature was 79 ℃， extraction time was 53 min， liquid-solid ratio was 14.5 mL∶1 g. Under this condition， the total diterpene yield was 36.8%. The total diterpenoids of Fokienia hodginsii leaves had a good inhibitory effect on Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Panz.， and the EC50 value was 1.466 mg·mL-1. The dry weight of mycelia of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Panz. treated with total diterpenoids was significantly decreased， the conductivity was increased， the content of reducing sugar was significantly increased， and the activities of protective enzymes in the fungi increased first and then decreased. Above results laid a foundation for the resource utilization of Fokienia hodginsii leaves. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Proteome Analysis of Rice Response to Gibberella fujikuroi Infection Lihua SHAO, Peng LI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (6): 126-135.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0337 Abstract （1666）   HTML （0）    PDF （5181KB）（36）       Knowledge map    Save Bakanae disease， a common and highly harmful fungal disease of rice， seriously impacts rice yield. To clarify the up-regulated differential proteins of high-resistance varieties in response to the bakanae pathogen， the TMT （tandem mass tag） quantitative proteomics technology was employed to compare the proteomes before and after infection with the bakanae pathogen， and the significantly differentially expressed proteins with P≤0.05 and a fold change （FC）>1.2 or <0.83 were screened. The results showed that 124 up-regulated and 75 down-regulated differentially expressed proteins were screened. The 124 proteins with up-regulated expression were subjected to gene ontology （GO） enrichment analysis， and got 88 enrichment items， among which 4 items were significantly enriched， including 2 biological processes （response to stress and response to oxidative stress）， 2 molecular functions （peroxidase activity and heme binding）， which should be beneficial to remove peroxides in rice bud tissue and had a protective effect on cells. A total of 45 pathways were obtained by （kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes KEGG） enrichment analysis， and 3 pathways were significantly enriched for upregulated differential proteins including phenylpropanoid biosynthesis， the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and phenylalanine metabolism， respectively， which should be beneficial toimprove disease resistance of rice. There were 3 differential proteins （Os01t0327400-01， Os12t0112000-01， Os01t0963000-04） were common among 4 items of GO significant enrichment and 3 pathways of KEGG significant enrichment， which could be the key proteins in the bakanae disease resistance. Above results provided scientific theoretical basis for the research of disease resistance. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Synergistic Effect of Combination of Antagonists and Chemical Fungicides on Atractylodes macrocephala Blight Disease Jiao WANG, Wenqiao LI, Fengying SHEN, Yaning LI, Daqun LIU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (4): 133-139.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0269 Abstract （1615）   HTML （1）    PDF （1116KB）（100）       Knowledge map    Save In order to investigate the synergistic effect of different antagonistic bacteria， Streptomyces and their combination with chemical fungicides on Atractylodes macrocephala blight disease， the compatibility of different antagonists and chemical fungicides was measured by dilution plate and drug-containing plate method at first. Then the plate confrontation method and growth rate method were used to evaluate the inhibition effect of antagonists compound solution and antagonists+chemical fungicides compound on Phytophthora sansomeana AMPH-1， which was the pathogen of A. macrocephala blight disease. The results showed that the Bacillus BZX-2， BZX-11 and X-119 strains had good compatibility with dimethomorph. The combination of BZX-2+BZX-11+X-119 had the best inhibition effect， and the inhibition rate reached 75.45%， which was lower than that of the treatment using X-119 alone. When the ratio of antagonist combination of Bacillus strains and dimethomorph was 1∶2， the inhibition effect reached 68.61%， which increased 16.83% and 13.59% compared with dimethomorph treatment and antagonists treatment， respectively. By the pot experiment in greenhouse， it was found that the greenhouse control efficiency of BZX-2+BZX-11+X-119 combination with equal proportion mixing was 72.72% on A. macrocephala blight disease， which was 45.45 percentage points higher than that of BZX-2 treatment. Above results provided effective basis for the new strategy of A. macrocephala blight disease control. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Biocontrol Bacteria on Soil Properties and Bacterial Community Structure of Ginseng Continuous Cropping Ergang WANG, Pengyuan LYU, Yi ZHOU, Yu ZHAN, Guixiang HE, Lixiang WANG, Xinyue MIAO, Changbao CHEN, Qiong LI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (4): 140-148.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0907 Abstract （1490）   HTML （1）    PDF （4688KB）（389）       Knowledge map    Save In order to investigate the effect of biocontrol bacterial on the microecology of ginseng continuous cropping soil， a biocontrol bacterial treatment experiment was conducted in the field. Chemical analysis and high-throughput sequencing technology were used to study the changes in soil physicochemical properties， soil enzyme activities， and bacterial community. The results showed that the application of biocontrol bacteria significantly decreased soil electric conductivity， and increased soil pH， the contents of organic matter， available nitrogen， available phosphorus and the activities of soil urease， soil sucrase， and soil acid phosphatase， with an increase of 9.00% in soil organic matter content and an increase of 19.42% in soil sucrase activity. Bacterial taxonomy analysis divided soil bacterial communities into 39 phyla， 124 classes， 279 orders， 424 families， and 774 genera. Biocontrol bacteria significantly increased the ACE index and Chao index of soil bacteria. Correlation analysis showed that pH， organic matter， available nitrogen， sucrase， urease were significantly positively correlated with Arthrobacter， and significantly negatively correlated with Bradyrhizobium and Microlunatus； available phosphorus content was significantly positively correlated with Candidatus_ Xiphinemabacter， RB41， and significantly negatively correlated with Candidatus_Udaeobacter， Arthrobacter； and there was significantly negative correlation between acid phosphatase and Mycobacterium. In summary， biocontrol bacteria stimulated the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms in soil， increased the fertility and enzyme activity of the soil， and improved the soil nutritional status. Therefore， biocontrol bacteria should be expected to become an effective way to repair degraded soil. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Pathogenic Mechanism， Host Molecule Response， and Prevention and Control Methods of Soybean Phytophthora sojae Bing YANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (3): 133-142.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0218 Abstract （1414）   HTML （9）    PDF （858KB）（92）       Knowledge map    Save Phytophthora sojae is a an important pathogen threating agricultural production， and it can cause Phytophthora root rot （PRR） in soybean， which is difficult to control and cause significant yield losses every year. In order to develop more effective prevention and control strategies and achieve effective control， the pathogenic mechanism and host molecular response of soybean Phytophthora were summarized， and the disease resistance characteristics of soybean and current strategies for controlling soybean Phytophthora were introduced， mainly including resistant variety breeding， chemical control， agricultural control， biological control and comprehensive control. The advantages and disadvantages of different control measures were analyzed， and the sustainable alternative solutions for controlling PRR was further explored， which should provided theoretical basis for the sustainable development of the soybean industry. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Bacteriostatic Activity and Mechanism of Action of Rhizoma Coptidis Extracts on Staphylococcus aureus Jin ZHOU, Haiyun LIANG, Jiahui SUN, Shuhan ZHANG, Liya SONG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (3): 143-152.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0132 Abstract （1379）   HTML （7）    PDF （2595KB）（69）       Knowledge map    Save In order to understand the bacteriostatic mechanism of rhizoma coptidis extract （RCE） on Staphylococcus aureus， the mechanism of action of RCE on Staphylococcus aureus was explored through growth curve， oxidative damage experiment， cell wall membrane analysis， protein analysis and DNA analysis. The results showed that RCE had a significant inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 2.60 mg·mL-1. RCE induced an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species level of Staphylococcus aureus by 506.90%， an increase in extracellular β-galactosidase activity and nucleic acids by 258.28% and 23.82%， respectively， and also a significant amount of propidium iodide fluorescent staining than that of the control； the amount of total protein synthesis， cellular metabolic vigor and succinic dehydrogenase activity decreased by 30.83%， 30.89% and 54.05%， respectively. Ultraviolet absorption spectra and competitive fluorescence spectra of genomic DNA suggested that the RCE could be either groove-bound or electrostatically bound to Staphylococcus aureus DNA. As the above shows， RCE mainly achieved its bacteriostatic effect by increasing the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species and destroying the integrity and permeability of the cell wall membrane. Above results provided references for the comprehensive development and utilization of rhizoma coptidis and its application in the field of feed supplement. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Insecticidal Activity Constituents and Mechanism of Artemisia annua Against Mythimna separate Chunyan LI, Qian LIANG, Chengxiang GAO, Zongsuo LIANG, Fang WANGA Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (12): 129-137.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0589 Abstract （1348）   HTML （2）    PDF （1636KB）（356）       Knowledge map    Save In order to study the insecticidal activity components and preliminary mechanism of the petroleum ether extract from Artemisia annua against Mythimna separata， the insecticidal activity of different fractions and main components were measured by insect immersion method. The petroleum ether extract was separated by column chromatography and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine its chemical components， and the target enzyme and metabolic enzyme activities in the body of Mythimna separata were measured for the active components. The results showed that the petroleum ether extract of Artemisia annua was separated by silica gel column chromatography， and 27 fractions were obtained， of which fraction 8 showed the best contact toxicity. According to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry， the main compounds were tridecane， 4-quinolinecarboxaldehyde， caryophyllene oxide， linoleic acid ethyl ester， linolenic acid ethyl ester with contents of 7.9%， 72.8%， 3.6%， 2.4%， 3.1%，respectively. The lethal concentration of 50% （LC50） of above 5 compounds on the 7th day were 7.9， 2.5， 3.6， 5.4 and 1.5 mg·mL-1， respectively， which indicated that ethyl linolenic acid had significant contact toxicity against M. separata. On the 7th day of treatment with 1.5 mg·mL-1 linolenic acid ethyl ester， the scanning electron microscopy results showed that the wax layer structure in the surface of M. separata were loosely， the wax layer particles disappeared significantly， and the wax flower gap increased. And the acetylcholinesterase （AChE） and carboxylesterase （CarE） of M. separata treated with 1.5 mg·mL-1 linolenic acid ethyl ester showed first activation and then inhibition， Na+-K+-ATPase showed inhibition over time， and catalase （CAT） showed first inhibition and then activation. To sum up， the linolenic acid ethyl ester was the main active compound of A. annua， which provided reference for the development of new plant-based insecticides and biological control of M. separata and the development and utilization of A.annua resources. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Fruit Quality Analysis of Prunus domestica × armeniaca at Different Harvest Maturity Levels Ruyue WANG, Haifang HU, Shasha LUO, Ziyi ZHEN, Yeyong XU, Xiaojing HU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (2): 158-169.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0429 Abstract （1339）   HTML （5）    PDF （3014KB）（101）       Knowledge map    Save To study the effects of different harvest maturity levels on the quality of P. domestica × armeniaca fruits， and to screen out the suitable maturity levels for picking P. domestica × armeniaca，using P. domestica × armeniaca ‘Fengweihuanghou’ as the test materials， the changes in indicators such as single fruit weight， fruit color and fruit hardness and so on under different maturity levels（Ⅰ， Ⅱ， Ⅲ， Ⅳ， Ⅴ） were analyzed by variance， correlation and principal component analysis. The results showed that with the increase of harvest maturity levels， the red green value （a*） of the fruit skin， the red green value （a*） of the fruit flesh， the blue yellow value （b*） of the skin， the blue yellow value （b*） of the flesh， the comprehensive ratio of the skin （a*/b*） and the comprehensive ratio of the flesh （a*/b*） all showed a significant upward trend， which increased by 15.811， 15.760， 23.009， 15.380， 0.973 and 0.558， respectively， during the entire maturity and development period， and were highly significant positive correlation with fruit maturity. Chlorophyll a+b， peel brightness value （L*）and flesh brightness value （L*） showed significant downward trend， with decrease of 17.230 μg·cm-3， 11.460 and 13.492 during maturity， respectively. The single fruit weight， soluble solids， solid to acid ratio and membrane permeability all showed a significant upward trend with the increase of harvest maturity level. At maturity Ⅴ， the various indicators were 101.500 g， 18.780%， 85.535% and 62.050%， respectively， and showed a highly significant correlation with maturity level. The skin hardness， peel hardness and titratable acid showed a significant downward trend with the delay of maturity， reaching their lowest values at maturity Ⅴ， which were 13.770 N， 6.886 N and 0.246%， respectively， which were significantly negatively correlated with harvest maturity level. The principal component analysis showed that the fruit quality of different maturity level was as follows： maturity Ⅴ>maturity Ⅳ>maturity Ⅲ>maturity Ⅱ>maturity Ⅰ. Based on production needs and comprehensive economic benefits， maturity Ⅰ and Ⅱ were not suitable for harvesting，and maturity Ⅳ and Ⅴ had good quality and taste， but the fruit softens severely. Maturity Ⅲ could be selected as the appropriate harvesting maturity. Above results could provide theoretical basis and scientific basis for the subsequent research and production of P. domestica × armeniaca . Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Crop Diseases Identification Based on Convolutional Neural Network Zili CHEN, Wei LIN, Jia HE, Laigang WANG, Guoqing ZHENG, Yilong PENG, Jiadong JIAO, Yan GUO Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (4): 99-109.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0785 Abstract （1307）   HTML （10）    PDF （1006KB）（319）       Knowledge map    Save Crop diseases are major threats for agricultural production， so timely and accurate identification of disease is important for the development of control measures to ensure food security. With the rapid development of deep learning， convolutional neural networks are used more and more to identify crop diseases. This paper compared the advantages and disadvantages of convolutional neural network disease recognition methods from 3 aspects including disease recognition based on different data sets， disease recognition using transfer learning and pre-training， and lightweight of the disease recognition model. It also analyzed the shortcomings of the current methods and put forward the future development trend. It was pointed out that more abundant data sets should be constructed， multi-modal data should be combined， models should be further optimized， and robots should be used to implement automatic detection. It provided important references for reducing food loss， realizing precision agriculture management， promoting agricultural modernization and sustainable development. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of UV-visible Spectral Library in Recessive Screening of Pesticide Fungicides Ying CHEN, Xiaofeng LIU, Yiping CHEN, Liping LIAO, Hongtao FU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (12): 122-128.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0247 Abstract （1287）   HTML （1）    PDF （1444KB）（32）       Knowledge map    Save To establish the ultraviolet-visible （UV-VIS） spectral library to quickly and accurately retrieve the hidden components added in the pesticide fungicide， with acetonitrile and water as the mobile phase， the UV-VIS spectrograms of 98 conventional bactericide standards were separated and extracted by gradient elution using a high-performance liquid chromatograph， and the UV-VIS spectrograms of the standard substances were used to establish the UV-VIS spectrogram library. The target compound was matched according to the spectral similarity and the retention time of the standard sample， so as to retrieve the hidden components added in the pesticide preparation. 2 bactericides were used to verify the accuracy of the spectral library retrieval， and the results showed that the accuracy of the spectral library retrieval reached 100%. This method had the advantages of high accuracy， easy operation and low cost. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Control Effect of Streptomyces phaeoluteichromatogenes HEBRC45958 Strain on Corynespora Leaf Spot of Tomato Daye HUANG, Zhibin YU, Zhongyi WAN, Dan YANG, Jinping LI, Chunxia CAO Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (11): 136-142.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0416 Abstract （1268）   HTML （2）    PDF （3075KB）（27）       Knowledge map    Save In order to clarify the control effect of Streptomyces phaeoluteichromatogenes strain HEBRC45958 against Corynespora leaf spot of tomato， the antifungal activity was determined in vitro by using dual culture assay combined with microscope and scanning electron microscope observation. The siderophore production and the activities of hydrolases were also determined. The control effect of the fermentation broth of HEBRC45958 strain on Corynespora leaf spot of tomato was determined in pots. The results showed that the inhibition rate HEBRC45958 on Corynespora cassiicola was 52.65% in the dual culture. Compared with control， the mycelium treated with HEBRC45958 strain was distorted and cracked by scanning microscopy， and the space between the cell wall and cell membrane was widened by transmission electron microscopy. The HEBRC45958 strain could produce amylase， cellulase， chitinase and siderophore. The control effect of fermentation broth against Corynespora leaf spot of tomato was 100% in pot experiment， which showed that HEBRC45958 strain had a good prospect of biocontrol application for Corynespora leaf spot of tomato. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative Analysis of Honey from Different Sources Based on Multidimensional Indicators Ming ZHANG, Miaomiao CHE, Xinli HUO, Xue WANG, Xing ZHENG, Leilei ZHAO, Yazhou ZHAO Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (2): 170-179.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0522 Abstract （1262）   HTML （3）    PDF （4114KB）（81）       Knowledge map    Save Honey is a natural product with complex composition and characteristics， which vary depending on the botanical source， origin， bee species and so on. In order to evaluate， differentiate and identify honey samples， a comparative analysis of honey from different sources using multidimensional indicators， including conventional physicochemical analysis and high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight/mass spectrometer （HPLC-Q-TOF/MS） technique were conducted. The results showed significant differences in amylase activity， fructose， glucose， phenolic acid and flavonoid contents among different honey samples. Among them， rape honey exhibited the lowest amylase activity with a value of （3.42±0.70） mL·g-1·h-1， while acacia honey （Qinshui） had the highest amylase activity with a value of （12.66±2.44） mL·g-1·h-1. The total phenolic acid and total flavonoid contents of Apis cerana honey were higher than other honey samples. Pro-His-Cys and hydroxytyrosol 1-O-glucoside might be useful in distinguishing honey from nectar plant species. Palustrine played an important role in differentiating acacia honey from different regions. Above results provided methodological guidance for the characterization and authenticity assessment of honey， that was， the multidimensional index method could be used as a valuable tool for comparative analysis of honey samples from different sources. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of Quercetin from Sophora japonica and Its Effect Together with Colistin on Salmonella spp. Xiaoyan XIONG, Dandan TIAN, Yuxin GONG, Yu QIAO, Xiaoqing XU, Mengxin HE, Bo SHI, Qing PENG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (6): 136-147.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0157 Abstract （1136）   HTML （0）    PDF （3534KB）（186）       Knowledge map    Save Quercetin is a flavonoid compound with various biological activities， mostly existing in the form of glycosides in plants. Sophora japonica is an ideal raw material for preparing quercetin， with advantages such as wide planting area and low price. This study investigated the synergistic antibacterial effects of quercetin against Salmonella spp. that combined with colistin. The quercetin was prepared from the Sophora japonica buds Aspergillus niger fermentation and isolated from the semi-solid fermentation products using ultrasonic extraction methods， purified and structurally identified using HPLC， ESI-MS and NMR methods. The antibacterial activities of quercetin and colistin， both individually and in combination， against Salmonella were evaluated using dilution and checkerboard methods. The results showed that the highest product of quercetin was 73.7 mg·g-1 after fermentation for 96 h and the purity reached to 98% after purification and identification. After evaluation of antibacterial activity， the minimum inhibitory concentrations （MICs） of colistin against S. typhimurium， S. pullorum 1789 and 520 were 2， 8， and 4 μg·mL-1， respectively， while the MICs of quercetin against the mentioned strains were all above 500 μg·mL-1. When quercetin was used together with colistin， the synergistic antibacterial effects were observed against above Salmonella strains， particularly against S. pullorum 1789 and 520， with fractional inhibitory concentration index （FICI） values below 0.5， and the MIC value of colistin were reduced to 1 μg·mL-1. The study demonstrated the synergistic inhibitory effect of quercetin prepared from Sophora japonica through A. niger fermentation combined with colistin against Salmonella， providing a scientific basis for developing new antibacterial combination strategies. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Astragalus Polysaccharides on Production Performance， Carcass Performance and Meat Quality of Stellar-fed Tan Sheep Guoshun CHEN, Bin TIAN, Yancheng GAO, Yancui LI, Wenjin TIAN, Wenjing YANG, Wancheng WU, Lijun HUANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (2): 150-157.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0541 Abstract （1134）   HTML （5）    PDF （497KB）（55）       Knowledge map    Save To elucidate the effects of astragalus polysaccharides on the growth， slaughtering performance and meat quality of Tan sheep， 24 healthy， similar-weight （22.17±1.21 kg） 50-days-old Tan lambs were randomly divided into 4 groups for fattening trials， including basal diet group （control group）， basal diet+0.05% astragalus polysaccharide group （test group Ⅰ）， basal diet+0.10% astragalus polysaccharide group （test group Ⅱ） and basal diet+0.15% astragalus polysaccharide group （test group Ⅲ）. The weights were determied on 0， 10 and 70 d of the trial， and the slaughter performance and meat quality were analyzed on at the end of the trial （70 d）， respectively. The results showed that， compared with control group， the final body weight （FBW） and average daily gain （ADG） of test group Ⅱ were significantly increased， and the feed conversion rate was significantly decreased. The carcass weight and slaughter rate of test group Ⅱ increased significantly， the cooked meat rate of test group Ⅱ and test group Ⅲ increased significantly. The back fat thickness of test group Ⅰ and test group Ⅱ treatment was significantly reduced， and the L* value of test group Ⅱ was significantly reduced. The contents of glycine， aspartic acid and total amino acids in muscle of Tan sheep treated with test group Ⅱ and test group Ⅲ were significantly increased， and the content of umami amino acids was significantly increased in treatments with astragalus polysaccharides. The contents of monounsaturated fatty acids （MUFA） and polyunsaturated fatty acids in mutton of Tan sheep treated with test group Ⅱ were significantly increased. And the value of MUFA/TFA （total fatty acids） of test group Ⅱ and test group Ⅲ increased significantly. In summary， the addition of 0.10% astragalus polysaccharides to the diet could improve the growth performance， carcass performance and meat quality of Tan sheep. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development of Spatial Transcriptomics and Its Applications Yongzi CHEN, Hua WANG, Weixuan WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (11): 23-31.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0609 Abstract （1030）   HTML （13）    PDF （1366KB）（72）       Knowledge map    Save Spatial transcriptomics is a disruptive biological technique that integrates molecular biology and spatial imaging technologies to reveal the spatial distribution of gene expression within tissues or cells. Through the analysis of transcriptomics data， the spatial expression patterns of genes at tissue or cellular level could be understanded comprehensively， and then the spatiotemporal characteristics of gene regulation in biological systems and their functional significance in biological processes could be deeply uncovered. This technology provided unprecedented assistance for the research in developmental biology， immunology， tumor research and agriculture fields etc， and provided support for understanding of key processes such as cell differentiation and crop development etc. This article detaily overviewed the development of spatial transcriptomics technology， data analysis， and its major applications in the fields of medicine and agriculture. It also identified the challenges existed in the field and offered insights into future development trends. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Flavor Differences of Different Types of Fresh Corn Based on Electronic Nose and GC-IMS Technology Yaxing SHI, Hui DONG, Li XU, Yanli FAN, Hui LIU, Yamin SHI, Ainian YU, Ning GAO, Jiuran ZHAO, Baishan LU, Ronghuan WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (11): 143-156.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0708 Abstract （915）   HTML （0）    PDF （2974KB）（41）       Knowledge map    Save Flavor is an important indicator of the edible quality of fresh corn. In order to explore the composition and content differences of volatile flavor compounds in different types of fresh corn，in this study， 6 different types of fresh corn varieties including NKN 323 were used as materials， and electronic nose technology and gas chromatography ion mobility spectrometry （GC-IMS） technology were used to detect the volatile flavor compounds in fresh corn to evaluate the contribution of volatile flavor compounds to the overall flavor of fresh corn by relative odor activity value （ROAV）. The results showed that a total of 34 volatile flavor compounds were identified， including 10 esters （34.68%~26.74%）， 8 aldehydes （28.46%~21.22%）， 6 alcohols （10.33%~6.04%）， 5 ketones （14.74%~9.87%）， 2 ethers （10.05%~6.94%） and 3 other compounds. GC-IMS fingerprints showed that the difference of volatile flavor compounds content important which caused the difference of characteristic flavor of different types of fresh corn. 5 common key aroma components and 23 different characteristic flavor compounds of fresh corn were identified by ROAV. The total release of volatile flavor compounds of different types of varieties was NKN323， followed by JKT608.Isovaleraldehyde contributed the most to the overall flavor of NKN336， JZN219， JKN768 and JKT608， while 3-octanone contributed the most to the overall flavor of NKN323 and JKN2000. Above results provided theoretical basis for the analysis and evaluation of volatile flavor compounds in fresh corn and the precise control of characteristic flavor. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization of Extraction Conditions for Volatile Components in Jujube Honey Based on Plackett-Burman Design and Response Surface Method Xue WANG, Xing ZHENG, Jiamiao REN, Yazhou ZHAO, Wenjun PENG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (1): 181-192.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0384 Abstract （804）   HTML （0）    PDF （3482KB）（171）       Knowledge map    Save In order to enhance the head space-solid phase micro extraction （HS-SPME） extraction efficiency of volatile components in honey， and for more accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis using gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer （GC-MS）， the total peak area of volatile components of the chromatogram in Ziziphus jujuba Mill honey was used as the index. Plaekett-Burman design and response surface methodology were used to optimize extraction conditions （extraction temperature， extraction time， sample amount， deionized water amount， NaCl additive amount， stirring speed）. The results showed that extraction temperature， extraction time and sample amount significantly impacted the total peak area in the chromatograms. The optimized extraction conditions were extraction temperature of 68.5 ℃， extraction time of 51.6 min and sample amount of 5.1 g. Under the optimal extraction conditions， the total peak area of chromatogram could reach 2.20×109 mAU·min-1. Above results provided certain technical guidance for the further profile analysis of volatile components in honey. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Key Application Scenario of Intelligent Orchard Jianwei WU, Lin ZHANG, Wengang ZHENG, Xiangyang QIN, Zhonggao WU, Xihong FANG, Yongquan WANG, Tiangang LU, Jian WANG, Xiangshu PIAO, Fang WANG, Qiaoyun YUE, Haihe ZHANG, Jing JI, Xiaoman CONG, Qifeng LI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (3): 12-23.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0816 Abstract （682）   HTML （19）    PDF （6800KB）（532）       Knowledge map    Save Intelligent orchards is a new production mode that deeply integrates modern information technology and intelligent equipment with all aspects of orchard production， achieving quantitative decision-making， precise input， digital and intelligent management. To enhance the digitalization level of the fruit industry， focusing on the latest research progress in key application scenarios of intelligent orchards，this paper analyzed the strategic position and layout significance of intelligent fruit industry in the process of agricultural modernization， and proposed several suggestions to promote the development of intelligent orchards based on the current research and application status in China. It also detaily elaborated the design and establishment of a intelligent orchard scenario in Beijing， which encompassing integrated environmental monitoring of the orchard’s “sky-ground” environment， integrated water and fertilizer input， machine-friendly intelligent equipment and a comprehensive management service platform. It aimed to create an efficient collaborative ecosystem from multiple dimensions， point the way for the future development of intelligent orchards， inject new vitality into the deep integration of rural revitalization and digital agriculture， and promote the improvement， efficiency and high-quality development of the fruit industry. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Cellulase Derived from Microorganisms Huiyan QIAO, Yali SHI, Haojian HAN Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (5): 21-38.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0502 Abstract （680）   HTML （7）    PDF （1476KB）（84）       Knowledge map    Save Developing renewable energy is an effective measure to address the increasing energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions. Renewable energy includes solar energy， hydro energy， wind energy， biomass energy， wave energy， tidal energy， ocean temperature difference energy， geothermal energy， etc. They could be recycled and regenerated in nature. One of the ways to utilize biomass energy is through biorefinery， which utilizes biomass degradation to generate electricity， gas， ethanol， and other fuels. The important method for degrading biomass is to use cellulase to hydrolyze cellulose. At present， industrial cellulase mainly comes from microorganisms. The research progress of microbial derived cellulases was introduce from the following 5 aspects： ① microorganisms that produce cellulases， including fungi， bacteria， and actinomycetes； ② the characteristics of cellulase derived from microorganisms mainly include the classification and properties of cellulase， cellulase structure， and catalytic mechanism； ③ method for measuring cellulase activity； ④ methods for improving cellulase production and activity； ⑤ application of cellulase. The research progress of microbial derived cellulases was elaborated， which should provide reference for screening and developing efficient cellulases. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current Situation， Problems and Countermeasures of Strontium Natural Drinking Mineral Water Industry in China Kunzhen WANG, Xin RU, Guohui SHEN, Yanting GU, Mingying REN, Juan HAN, Yanzhi GUO Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (4): 12-21.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0625 Abstract （596）   HTML （8）    PDF （515KB）（345）       Knowledge map    Save Since the reform and opening-up， China’s natural mineral water industry has experienced rapid development， with an increasing diverse range of products. In particular， mineral water enriched with specific nutritional elements has gained significant popularity among consumers. The intake of the trace element strontium has been shown to play effective roles in improving osteoporosis， preventing cardiovascular diseases， and promoting glucose and lipid metablism. However， the strontium intake of Chinese residents has not yet reached the recommended levels. Strontium-rich natural mineral water serves as an important source of strontium supplementation for the human body， indicating a significant market potential in the future. Considering the current state and development trends of China’s natural mineral water industry， the market supply potential of existing strontium-rich natural mineral water resources was analysed. It addressed the development bottlenecks faced by different categories of strontium-rich natural mineral water available in the market and offered suggestions regarding price， quality and labeling， which aimed to effectively foster the sustainable development of China’s strontium-rich natural mineral water industry. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Core Technology of Crop Biological Breeding Based on the Perspective of Core Patent Identification Qian JIA, Sa YE, Hui ZHANG, Limin CHUAN, Jingjuan ZHAO Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (3): 35-48.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0683 Abstract （591）   HTML （3）    PDF （2789KB）（89）       Knowledge map    Save Biological breeding is the core of seed industry innovation and an important measure to tackle key technology of seed sources. Clarifying the core technology of crop biological breeding has guiding significance for China’s strategic deployment of breeding technology research and development （R&D）， cracking the “bottleneck” problems of seed sources， achieving modernization of the seed industry， and country construction with powerful seed industry. Based on the Derwent Innovation patent database， the core characteristics measurement index （CCI） was constructed based on core technical features， and combined expert intelligence to identify core patents in the field of crop biological breeding. Through quantitative analysis and text mining， the layout overview of core patents in the field was analyzed from the perspectives of R&D institutions， layout areas， and technology distribution， and R&D hotspots and key points evolution trends of core technologies in crop biological breeding were concluded. Furthermore， five core technology themes of crop biological breeding had been identified with expert analysis， and prospects for the future research and industrialization of biological breeding in China were presented based on transgenic technology and genome editing technology according to the current development status of crop biological breeding core technology in China. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Differences in Phenolic Composition and Content of Pear Fruit Xiaofeng ZHOU, Xiangyu LI, Lan FENG, Cuiyun WU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (3): 153-161.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0729 Abstract （569）   HTML （3）    PDF （1456KB）（35）       Knowledge map    Save In order to further clarify the spatial distribution characteristics of phenolic content in pear fruits， Wanxiu and 85-8-13 were as the test materials， and the distribution differences of total flavonoids， total phenols and phenolic composition content in different parts of pear fruits were investigated by UV spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that the total phenol and total flavonoid contents in different parts of Wanxiu and 85-8-13 fruits were all showed peel>kernel>pulp （upper， middle， lower， inner and outer）， and the total phenol and total flavonoid contents in all parts of 85-18-13 fruits were significantly higher than those of Wanxiu. A total of 13 phenolics substances including arbutin， catechin， chlorogenic acid， epicatechin， rutin， quercetin glucoside， quercetin rhamnoside， kaempferol-dideoxyhexoside， kaempferol-3-O-glucoside， kaempferol-3-O-6-acetylglucoside， isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside， isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside， campheferol-3-O-rutinoside were detected in pear fruit， among which， Wanxiu fruit had a wide variety of phenolic substances components and 85-18-13 had higher content of phenolic substances fraction. The distribution of various phenolic substances in pear fruits showed peel>kernel>pulp， and the content of arbutin in the pulp near the pedicel was higher than those in other parts of fruit， and the contents of chlorogenic acid and epicatechin were higher in the pulp near the calyx pits. Comprehensive evaluation of the main components showed that the score of peel was much higher than those of kernel and pulp， the contents of phenolics in pulp near fruit centre and calyx pits of Wanxiu were higher， while the contents of phenolics in pulp near fruit peduncle and calyx pits of 85-8-13 were slightly higher than those of the rest of the parts. Above results provided a supplement and reference for pear quality control and genetic improvement. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in Creation of Rice Male Sterile Lines by CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing Technology Dabing YANG, Liang HU, Xueshu DU, Bingliang WAN, Mingyuan XIA, Huaxiong QI, Jinbo LI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (3): 24-34.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0460 Abstract （556）   HTML （9）    PDF （519KB）（117）       Knowledge map    Save CRISPR/Cas9 （clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9） gene editing technology could modify specific gene to achieve targeted improvement of interest traits， which has promising application prospect in crop genetic improvement. Hybrid rice breeding system based on male sterile lines is an important way to utilize rice heterosis. Editing rice male sterile genes can create new male sterile germplasm， which is helpful to enrich the genetic resources of hybrid rice sterile lines and take good advantage of rice heterosis. In this paper， the research progress of creating male sterile lines of rice by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology was reviewed， and the future research direction of male sterile lines of rice was prospected， aiming to provide reference for the innovation and development of rice breeding technology. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Recent Advances of CRISPR-Cas System in Genome Editing of Bacillus subtilis Zhikang SUN, Liqun LI, Jie HAO, Han WU, Na WU, Chao ZHENG, Qiang JI, Xuanwen LI, Chen CHEN Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (2): 24-32.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0260 Abstract （545）   HTML （15）    PDF （757KB）（735）       Knowledge map    Save Bacillus subtilis is a food safety microorganism， which has been widely used in industrial fermentation. CRISPR （clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats） mediated genome editing technology has played an important role in the research of microbial metabolic engineering with B. subtilis as the chassis cell. The immune response mechanism and classification of CRISPR-Cas system were introduced， as well as the 3 types of CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing in B. subtilis. It focused on summarizing the latest CRISPR development and design strategies， with a view to providing references for optimizing existing B. subtilis genome editing systems， thereby improving the industrial application potential of B. subtilis. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Regulation of Lysine Uptake and Metabolism in Plants and Its Effects on Plants Kexin WANG, Yuehua DONG, Xuanyi HE, Huaiyu YANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (7): 20-29.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0155 Abstract （528）   HTML （8）    PDF （1107KB）（83）       Knowledge map    Save Lysine， a fundamental amino acid crucial for human and animal nutrition， also serves pivotal roles in amino acid homeostasis， growth， development， stress resilience and nutritional quality of plants. The biosynthesis， metabolic processes， absorption and translocation of lysine in plants directly or indirectly affect lysine content and its functions. While the metabolic pathways of lysine in plants have been relatively well characterized， the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying its beneficial effects on plants remain largely unclear. In this paper， the recent advancements in understanding the roles and potential regulatory mechanisms of key genes involved in lysine uptake and metabolic pathways in plants were summarized， and the roles and possible regulatory mechanisms of key lysine absorption and metabolism genes in plant stress resistance， disease resistance， seed germination and improvement of crop quality were particularly elabrcted. Additionally， it reviewed the progress in breeding lysine-rich crops. Above results offered valuable insights and guidelines for elucidating the mechanisms regulating lysine transport and metabolism in cereal crops， thereby enhancing stress tolerance and fostering the development of novel lysine-enriched crop varieties. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Different Straw Return Amount on Soil Aggregate and Organic Carbon Content Bingdi ZHAO, Jiuming ZHANG, Yingxue ZHU, Enjun KUANG, Jiahui YUAN, Fengqin CHI, Lei SUN, Ning LI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (1): 193-200.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0342 Abstract （525）   HTML （3）    PDF （2372KB）（99）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the effects of different amounts and duration of straw return on the composition， stability， and carbon storage characteristics of soil aggregates，utilizing 4 treatments from a long-term field experiment， full straw return （1XG）， 1/2 straw return （1/2XG）， 1/3 straw return （1/3XG） and root stubble return （CK），the stability and the organic carbon content of aggregates were dynamically monitoring for 3 consecutive years. The results showed that compared to CK， straw returning increased the content of >0.25 mm soil aggregates. The best effect was observed with full straw return. With the years of straw returning increased， the content of <0.053 mm soil aggregates showed an increasing trend. Straw returning could significantly increase the mean weight diameter of soil aggregates， playing a role in enhancing the stability of the aggregates. The straw returning enhanced the organic carbon content of soil aggregates， and the full straw return showed best effect. The organic carbon content of >0.25 mm soil aggregates was highest in all treatments， indicating that after straw returning， organic carbon was preferably sequestered in large aggregates. The organic carbon contribution rate of >0.25 mm aggregates was the highest， between 60.90%~82.09%， while that of <0.053 mm aggregates was the lowest， between 2.39%~6.28%. In conclusion， straw return to the field promoted the formation of soil aggregates and increased the organic carbon content of soil aggregates. Among them， the full straw return had the best carbon sequestration effect. Above results provided data support for determining the appropriate amount of straw return， and provided a theoretical basis for improving and enhancing soil fertility in black soil areas. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on International Comparison and Development Strategy of Competitiveness of China’s Oilseed Industry Chang CHEN, Dan GUO, Qinghong BAI, Yang ZHANG, Maolin YAN Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (4): 1-11.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0763 Abstract （502）   HTML （27）    PDF （1007KB）（124）       Knowledge map    Save In order to further enhance the competitiveness of China’s oilseed industry and promote its high-quality development， the data of oilseed production， consumption and trade since 2000 were selected， and the competitiveness of China’s oilseed industry from the perspectives of absolute advantage， comparative advantage and enterprise competitiveness were systematically analyzed， the main reasons affecting the competitiveness of China’s oilseed industry were discussed by calculating the contribution rate of oilseed planting technology and the trade competitiveness index. The results showed that China’s oilseed industry was at a disadvantage in all the aspects of absolute advantage， comparative advantage and enterprise competitiveness， and the limiting factors were insufficient resource endowment， low contribution of technological progress， imperfect symbiotic development of the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain and unfavorable domestic and foreign agricultural policy environment. Based on this， targeted opinions and suggestions were put forward from multiple perspectives such as resource development， technological breakthrough and policy support， which provided data references and technical supports for the formulation of the national grain and oilseed development strategy. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Alkaline Tolerance Screening and Evaluation Analysis of Soybean Germplasm Resources at Seedling Stage Huanbin ZHENG, Ming LI, Suxin YANG, Weilin WU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (7): 54-71.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0101 Abstract （496）   HTML （8）    PDF （5994KB）（134）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore the tolerance of different soybean germplasm resources to alkali stress treatment at seedling stage， and establish the evaluation system of soybean alkaline tolerance at seedling stage， 326 soybean varieties were as materials. They were treated with the pH 9.0， 150 mmol·L-1 mixed alkali solution （NaHCO3∶Na2CO3=5∶1） for 7 d. The changes of 12 growth-related indexes under different treatments， such as dry/fresh weight of shoot or root， total dry/fresh weight， intact roots number intact roots length， root tips number， root/shoot ratio， relative chlorophyll content， and water content of plants were determined. The results showed that alkali stress significantly reduced the growth indexes of soybean varieties at seedling stage except root/shoot ratio. The comprehensive evaluation value （D value） of alkali tolerance was obtained by principal component analysis and fuzzy membership function method. According to the D value， 326 soybean varieties were classified into 4 groups： extremely alkali tolerant varieties （18 varieties）， alkali tolerant varieties （140 varieties）， alkali sensitive varieties （130 varieties） and extremely alkali sensitive varieties （38 varieties）， and the comprehensive evaluation system were established. Above results provided theoretical basis for the selection and evaluation of alkaline resistant soybean varieties. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification of PHY Gene Family in Wheat （ Triticum aestivum L.）and Their Expression Analysis Under Heat Stress Yi HU, Jie GONG, Wei ZHAO, Rong CHENG, Zhongyu LIU, Shiqing GAO, Yazhen YANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (7): 30-43.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0621 Abstract （466）   HTML （8）    PDF （6278KB）（83）       Knowledge map    Save Phytochrome （PHY） in plants not only receives light signals as a photoreceptor， but also responds to environmental temperature changes as a temperature sensor. To identify PHY genes in wheat， the bioinformatics methods was used， and their physical and chemical properties， phylogenetic evolution， gene structure， protein conserved domain， promoter cis-acting element and gene expression characteristics were comprehensively analyzed. The results showed that 9 TaPHY genes were identified， which randomly distributed on 6 chromosomes of wheat. And the subcellular localization prediction showed that these proteins were located in the nucleus. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these genes were classified into 3 subclasses， the genes of same subclass had high similarity of gene structure and protein conserved domain， which suggested similar function. Cis-element analysis revealed that the promoter of TaPHY genes had a variety of light and hormone response elements. In addition， tissue expression analysis identified significant differences in the expression abundance of TaPHY genes. Combined with the screening results of heat tolerant and fluorescence quantitative analysis， the expression levels of TaPHYA1 and TaPHYC2 were first down-regulated and then up-regulated under heat stress condition， while other genes showed different degrees of down-regulation， it showed that TaPHY genes induced by heat stress and participated in the regulation of heat resistance of wheat. Correlation analysis showed that the expression of TaPHYA3 was significantly negatively correlated with H2O2 content in the heat-resistant material 1-2-3， TaPHYC1 was positively correlated with superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity， TaPHYC3 expression was significantly correlated with SOD activity. Above results provided an experimental basis for further understanding the mechanism of TaPHY involved in heat stress response， and also provided important genetic resources for the screening of heat tolerant wheat lines. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Advance on Coordinated Adaptation of New Quality Agricultural Productivity Tao LIU, Yuhui KONG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (7): 1-9.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0595 Abstract （466）   HTML （16）    PDF （500KB）（150）       Knowledge map    Save The synergistic development of new quality agricultural productivity is conducive to unleash the development potential of new quality agricultural productivity， significantly improve the overall factor productivity of agriculture， and accelerate to build an agricultural power. Based on existing research advance and statistical data， the connotation of the coordinated development of new quality agricultural productivity was explored from a dialectical perspective of productivity and production relations. On this basis， it analyzed the non-coordinated issues in the development of new quality agricultural productivity and the path of coordinated development. The results showed that the connotation of China’s new quality agricultural productivity laid in the coordinated adaptation between agricultural productivity factors and the coordinated adaptation of agricultural production relations in the 4 aspects of production， consumption， circulation， and distribution. Its development faced non-coordinated issues such as insufficient innovation capacity， shortage of talents， resource misallocation， non-coordination of production relations， weak infrastructure and lack of green concepts. Promoting the coordinated development of new quality agricultural productivity required to promote technological innovation in agricultural machinery and equipment， cultivate high-quality agricultural talents， optimize production resource allocation， promoting the coordinated adaptation of agricultural production relations， improve agricultural infrastructure construction， and deepen green development concepts. Above results provided practical reference for the coordinated development of new quality agricultural productivity. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Monitoring and Early Warning Technology of Forestry Pests and Diseases Xuesong JIANG, Zifan RONG, Linfeng HUANG, Qing CHEN, Zhicheng JIA, Jinpeng WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (1): 1-16.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0210 Abstract （465）   HTML （2）    PDF （1961KB）（418）       Knowledge map    Save Forestry plays an important role in ecological environment protection and sustainable economic development， and forestry diseases and insect pests are the main factors restricting forestry development. In recent years， with the development of modern technologies such as remote sensing， machine vision， biology and the internet of things， an important means has been provided for accurate， rapid and large-scale forest pest monitoring and early warning. Therefore， a comprehensive review was made on the application of modern technology in forest pest monitoring and early warning， aiming at providing technical reference and auxiliary decision basis for relevant practitioners. In terms of remote sensing， the mechanism of forest pest monitoring based on spectral response was introduced， and the latest application progress of remote sensing technology in forest pest monitoring was discussed from different scales. In the aspect of machine vision， the advantages and disadvantages of traditional machine learning and deep learning were compared， and the help of transfer learning to network training and the feasibility of lightweight model in improving monitoring efficiency were analyzed. In biology， how to use the biological characteristics of insects and biological changes in plants to monitor insect pests and diseases were analyzed. On this basis， the combined application of internet of things， 5G and other network technologies with modern monitoring technology was expounded for remoting monitoring and early warning of forest pests and diseases. Finally， in view of the current forest disease and pest monitoring was not timely， the evolution was not clear， the early warning was not accurate， the prevention and control was not accurate and other problems， it should be urgent to establish the ground and air three-dimensional pest monitoring network with the internet of things technology as the core in the future， build a complete pest and disease database， and establish a multi-terminal online real-time information display monitoring and early warning system. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Physiological Characteristics About ABA Alleviating Foxtail Millet Seedling Stage Under Drought Stress ling QIN, Yanke WANG, Erying CHEN, Yanbing YANG, Feifei LI, Mengyuan ZHANG, Yanan GUAN Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (4): 36-44.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0876 Abstract （457）   HTML （5）    PDF （2515KB）（288）       Knowledge map    Save In order to study the effects of drought stress on physiological characteristics of foxtail millet at seedling stage and the alleviating effect of exogenous abscisic acid （ABA）， different drought tolerant foxtail millet varieties Jigu 22 and Lugu 1 were used as materials to conduct pot experiment. The effects of 20% PEG6000 simulated dehydration stress at seedling stage and spraying 0.1 mmol L-1 ABA on morphological character， activities of antioxidant enzymes and ascorbate peroxidase （APX）， contents of malondialdehyd （MDA）， proline （Pro）， soluble sugar （SS） and soluble protein （SP） in 2 different foxtail millet varieties were analyzed. The results showed that the relative seedling height of Jigu 22 after drought stress for 4 d was 81.49%，which was higher than that of Lugu 1. MDA content in leaves of the 2 varieties increased after drought stress. On the 7th day of stress， MDA content in Jigu 22 increased by 3.03%， and that in Lugu 1 increased by 33.61% compared with control. The MDA content was significantly reduced after application of exogenous ABA. Exogenous ABA promoted the activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD）， peroxidase（POD）， catalase（CAT） and APX. Osmotic adjustment substances Pro， SS and SP were synthesized in large amounts to maintain osmoregulation and alleviate the damage of drought stress on foxtail millet seedlings. The effect of exogenous ABA on the drought-tolerant variety Jigu 22 was more obvious under drought stress. The effect of exogenous ABA on Lugu 1 was relatively weak， especially on the 7th day of drought stress， and the physiological and growth characteristics recovered slowly. In summary， ABA could effectively alleviate the damage of physiological function and the effect of drought stress on seedling growth of foxtail millet. Different drought resistance varieties foxtail millet had different sensitivity to ABA. The varieties with strong drought resistance were more sensitive to ABA， the mitigation effect of ABA on drought was more obvious. Above results provided theoretical bases for revealing the physiological mechanism of foxtail millet response to drought stress and the application of exogenous ABA. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics