氧化石墨烯对干旱胁迫下谷子生长发育及生理生化过程的影响

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0679

中国农业科技导报 ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (10): 24-31.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0679

氧化石墨烯对干旱胁迫下谷子生长发育及生理生化过程的影响

程梦航¹(), 赵宇², 罗水文¹, 杜昊阳¹, 赵若涵¹, 刘建凤¹, 丁民伟³(), 夏雪岩²()

^1.河北大学生命科学学院，河北保定 071002
^2.河北省农林科学院谷子研究所，石家庄 050031
^3.石家庄市农业技术推广中心，石家庄 050000

收稿日期:2024-08-21 接受日期:2024-09-30 出版日期:2025-10-15 发布日期:2025-10-15
通讯作者: 丁民伟,夏雪岩
作者简介:程梦航 E-mail：chengmh666@yeah.net
基金资助:
国家谷子高粱产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-06-14.5-A23);河北省农林科学院基本科研业务费包干制项目(HBNKY-BGZ-02)

Effects of Graphene Oxide on Growth Development and Physiological and Biochemical Processes of Foxtail Millet Under Drought Stress

Menghang CHENG¹(), Yu ZHAO², Shuiwen LUO¹, Haoyang DU¹, Ruohan ZHAO¹, Jianfeng LIU¹, Minwei DING³(), Xueyan XIA²()

^1.College of Life Science，Hebei University，Hebei Baoding 071002，China
^2.Institute of Millet Crops，Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences，Shijiazhuang 050035，China
^3.Shijiazhuang Agricultural Technology Extension Center，Shijiazhuang 050000，China

Received:2024-08-21 Accepted:2024-09-30 Online:2025-10-15 Published:2025-10-15
Contact: Minwei DING,Xueyan XIA

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

干旱是抑制谷子生长发育的主要逆境因子之一，严重影响谷子的产量与品质。氧化石墨烯（graphene oxide，GO）可有效提高作物的抗逆境胁迫能力。为进一步阐释GO提高谷子抗旱能力的作用机制，采用80 mg·L^-1的GO处理冀谷168（干旱敏感型）幼苗，分析其对谷子生长发育及生理生化过程的影响。结果表明，80 mg·L^-1的GO处理15 d时，谷子植株的株高、生物量及根系参数均有明显改善，显著促进了谷子生长发育；在GO处理7、15 d 时，谷子的过氧化物酶（peroxidase，POD）活性分别增加42.86%、66.67%，过氧化氢酶（catalase，CAT）活性分别增加30.23%、52.17%，表明GO处理能促进谷子抗氧化系统功能，从而减轻细胞损伤；在渗透调节方面，干旱胁迫条件下GO显著降低了谷子植株内Na⁺/K⁺，有助于维持细胞内渗透平衡，从而阻止细胞过度失水。此外，经GO处理后谷子的穗重显著提高54.73%。由此说明，一定水平的GO处理可显著促进谷子生长发育，改善其生理生化过程，从而提高谷子对干旱胁迫的应答能力，最终表现为增加谷子产量。以上研究结果为氧化石墨烯溶液成为缓解作物种植过程中干旱胁迫的土壤保水剂提供科学依据。

关键词: 谷子, 氧化石墨烯, 干旱胁迫, 根系参数, 生理生化过程

Abstract:

Drought is one of the main stress factors affecting the growth and development of foxtail millet， which seriously inhibits the yield and quality of foxtail millet. Graphene oxide （GO） can effectively improve the resistance of crops to stress. To further explain the mechanism of GO improving the drought resistance ability of millet， 80 mg·L^-1 GO was used to treat Jigu 168 （drought sensitive） seedlings， and the growth， development and physiological and biochemical processes of millet were analyzed. The results showed that 80 mg·L^-1 GO treatment for 15 d could significantly improve the phenotype and root system of foxtail millet， and promote the growth and development of foxtail millet， such as plant height， biomass and root system parameters. After 7 and 15 d of GO treatment， the activity of peroxidase （POD） increased by 42.86% and 66.67%， respectively， and the activity of catalase （CAT） increased by 30.23% and 52.17%， respectively， which indicated that GO could promote the function of antioxidant system and reduce cell damage. In terms of osmotic regulation， GO significantly reduced the Na⁺/K⁺ under drought stress， which helped to maintain intracellular osmotic balance and prevent excessive water loss. In addition， the grain weight after GO treatment was significantly increased by 54.73%. Therefore， a certain content of GO could significantly promote the growth and development of foxtail millet， improve its physiological and biochemical processes， thereby improve the response ability of foxtail millet to drought stress， and ultimately increase the yield. Above results provided scientific basis for GO as soil water-retaining agent to alleviate drought stress during crop cultivation.

Key words: foxtail millet, graphene oxide, drought stress, root system parameters, physiological and biochemical processes

中图分类号:

S515

程梦航, 赵宇, 罗水文, 杜昊阳, 赵若涵, 刘建凤, 丁民伟, 夏雪岩. 氧化石墨烯对干旱胁迫下谷子生长发育及生理生化过程的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2025, 27(10): 24-31.

Menghang CHENG, Yu ZHAO, Shuiwen LUO, Haoyang DU, Ruohan ZHAO, Jianfeng LIU, Minwei DING, Xueyan XIA. Effects of Graphene Oxide on Growth Development and Physiological and Biochemical Processes of Foxtail Millet Under Drought Stress[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(10): 24-31.

图/表 6

图1 不同水平GO处理下谷子幼苗的表型及地上部和地下部分鲜重、干重A：幼苗表型；B：鲜重；C：干重。不同小写字母表示不同处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著

Fig. 1 Seedlings phenotype， fresh weight and dry weight of foxtail millet under different levels of GO treatmentsA： Seedlings phenotype； B： Fresh weight； C： Dry weight. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different treatments at P<0.05 level

图2 不同处理下幼苗的表型及地上部、地下部分的鲜重和干重注：不同小写字母表示同一时间不同处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。

Fig. 2 Seedling phenotype and fresh weigh， dry weight of shoots and roots of foxtail millet under different treatmentsNote：Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different treatments of same time at P<0.05 level.

图3 不同处理下幼苗的根系表型及根系指标A：根系表型；B：根系指标；不同小写字母表示同一时间不同处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著

Fig. 3 Root phenotype and indexes of foxtail millet under different treatmentsA： Root phenotype； B： Root undexes； different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different treatments of same time at P<0.05 level

图4 不同处理的DAB染色、H2O2含量及POD、CAT活性A：DAB染色结果；B：H2O2含量；C：POD活性；D：CAT活性；不同小写字母表示不同处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著

Fig. 4 DAB staining， H2O2 Content and activities of POD and CAT under different treatmentsA： DAB staining results； B： H2O2 content； C： POD activity； D： CAT activity； different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different treatments at P<0.05 level

图5 不同处理Na+、K+含量及Na+/K+注：不同小写字母表示不同处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。

Fig. 5 Na+， K+ contents and Na+/K+ under different treatmentsNote：Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different treatments at P<0.05 level.

图6 不同处理下谷子的表型、株高和穗重A：谷子表型；B：株高；C穗重；不同小写字母表示不同处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著

Fig. 6 Phenotype， plant height and ear weight of foxtail millet under different treatmentsA： Phenotype of foxtail millet； B： Plant height； C： Ear weight； different lowercase letters indicates significant differences between different treamtents at P<0.05 level

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氧化石墨烯对干旱胁迫下谷子生长发育及生理生化过程的影响

Effects of Graphene Oxide on Growth Development and Physiological and Biochemical Processes of Foxtail Millet Under Drought Stress

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