Abstract:

In order to explore the response ability of upland cotton to drought under different water stress and screen the key drought-resistant indexes and the excellent drought-resistant germplasm resources，30 upland cotton core germplasms were selected as experimental materials， and compared with normal irrigation treatment during the whole growth period， 2 water stress treatments， one water after sowing and one water at the flowering bollboll stage respectively， and 2 water stress treatments at the flowering bollboll stage were set up. The corresponding indexes were measured at bud stage， boll stage and boll opening stage by descriptive statistical analysis， difference analysis， principal component analysis and correlation analysis， the drought resistance of materials was evaluated by using drought resistance comprehensive evaluation value （D）. The results showed that drought stress had different effects on the growth and development of different cotton materials，the D value of the treatment of watering one water after sowing and one water at flowering and boll stage was more discrete （0.285~0.774） ， which could more clearly distinguish between different varieties of drought resistance. Using D value， 30 materials could be divided into 4 types： Type Ⅰ included 6 cotton varieties such as ‘Zhongmiansuo 41’‘ Xinluzao 7’ etc. and showed high drought resistance； Type Ⅱ included 11 cotton varieties such as ‘Jinmian 46’‘Xinluzao 31’etc. and showed middle drought resistance； Type Ⅲ included 5 cotton varieties such as‘Zhongmiansuo 17’‘Lu 1138’etc. and showed drought sensitive； Type Ⅳ included 8 cotton varieties such as‘ Xinluzhong 8’‘Jiumian 8’ etc. and showed high sensitive to drought. The first node number of fruit branch， number of fruit branch， plant height， grain yield and lint percentage were sensitive to drought， which could be used as the key indexes for drought resistance evaluation of cotton. Above results could provide basis for cotton drought-resistant.

Key words: cotton, water stress, membership function, drought resistance index, drought resistance evaluation

摘要：

为研究不同水分胁迫下陆地棉对干旱的响应能力并筛选棉花抗旱关键指标和优异抗旱种质资源，选取30份陆地棉核心种质为试验材料，以全生育期正常灌水处理为对照，设置播种后和花铃期各浇水1次和花铃期断水2次2种胁迫处理，在蕾期、花铃期和吐絮期测定相应指标，通过描述性统计分析、差异分析、主成分分析和相关性分析，采用抗旱综合度量值（D）进行各材料的抗旱性评价。结果表明，干旱胁迫对不同棉花材料的生长发育均有不同程度的影响，播种后和花铃期各浇一水处理的D值离散较大（0.285~0.774），能更清晰地区分不同品种的抗旱性。利用D值可将30份材料分为4类：第Ⅰ类为抗旱材料，包括‘中棉所41’‘新陆早7号’等6个品种；第Ⅱ类为中抗材料，包括‘晋棉46’‘新陆早31号’等11个品种；第Ⅲ类为敏感材料，包括‘中棉所17’‘鲁1138’等5个品种；第Ⅳ类为高敏材料，包括‘新陆中8号’‘酒棉8号’等8个品种。果枝始节数、果枝数、株高、皮面产量和衣分5个指标对干旱较为敏感，可作为棉花抗旱评价的关键指标。以上研究结果可为棉花抗旱育种提供参考。

关键词: 棉花, 水分胁迫, 隶属函数, 抗旱指标, 抗旱性评价