Abstract:

Plant mitochondrial genome has complicated structure features: such as variable genome size, frequent rearrangements, incorporation of foreign DNA sequences, etc. It contained both extraordinary conservation of functional genes and high variations in the intergenic regions. Numerous studies showed that the mitochondrial genome acted as the carrier of plant cytoplasmic male sterility. This paper reviewed the research progress on the structural characteristics, genetic composition and some hot focus of plant mitochondrial genomes, which provide theoretical guidance for further studies on molecular mechanism of cytoplasm male sterility (CMS), and effective application in CMS hybrid breeding and utilization of crop heterosis.

Key words: mitochondria, genome, repeat sequence, cytoplasmic male sterility(CMS)

摘要：

植物线粒体基因组具有复杂的结构特征:基因组200~2 400 kb不等,变化大、重组频繁,存在水平基因迁移现象等。基因组中既含有非常保守的功能基因,也存在高度变异的基因间区序列。大量研究表明,线粒体基因组是植物细胞质雄性不育因子的载体。综述了近年来植物线粒基因组结构特征、基因组成和热点研究的进展,为进一步深入研究植物细胞质雄性不育的分子机理,并为胞质雄性不育三系杂交种选育、作物杂种优势利用提供理论指导。

关键词: 线粒体;基因组;重复序列;细胞质雄性不育