Abstract:

Since early summer of 2012, the continuous drought has caused the yields of crops in America declining dramatically, and the price of agricultural products have been roaring sustainably. Thus, the American economy and society are affected greatly. At the same time, USA drought sounds the alarm to China, where natural disasters outbreak frequently. By analyzing the characteristics, causes and impacts of the USA century drought, and the main problems faced by Chinese agricultural production in the context of climate changes, such as frequent occurrence of natural disasters, increase of agricultural inputs, etc. the authors put forward suggestions as: to establish and perfect weather monitoring and warning system; to strengthen agricultural infrastructure construction mainly water conservancy; to increase investment in studying and promoting agricultural disaster-alleviation technology etc.

Key words: USA, drought, agricultural production, climate change, food security

摘要：

2012年入夏以来，持续发展的旱情致使美国农作物大幅减产、农产品价格持续飙升，美国的经济和社会受到了极大的影响。与此同时，美国大旱对我国这样一个自然灾害频发的农业大国也敲响了警钟。通过分析美国世纪大旱的特点、成因、影响以及气候变化背景下我国农业生产面临的自然灾害频发多发、农业投入品增加等问题，提出应从建立和完善气象监测预警系统，加强以水利为主的农业基础设施建设，加大农业减灾技术研究与推广的投入等角度提升我国农业生产应对气候变化的能力。

关键词: 美国;干旱;农业生产;气候变化;粮食安全