Study on Hot Air Drying System for Implantable Alfalfa Bales

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0044

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to reduce the impact of sunlight， field operation and rain on the quality of alfalfa， a planting bale hot air drying equipment was developed. Based on the processing technology of wet harvest， the hot air drying experiment of alfalfa bale was carried out. It was found that the moisture content of bales reduced from 27% to 14% within 40 min under the condition of hot air temperature of 90 ℃. In the drying process， the energy efficiency of the system was 90%. In the implantable drying， the heat inside the bale was evenly diffused from the inside to the outside to complete the drying of the whole bale. After the test， most of the inside of the bale had been completely dried， and the leaves were intact and emerald green. Compared with alfalfa baled after natural air drying， crude protein and relative feed value of alfalfa increased by 10.98% and 19.72% respectively after implantable hot air drying. This study provided case reference and technical support for the drying process of wet harvesting bales.

Key words: bale, moisture content, alfalfa, implantable drying, quality

摘要：

为减少太阳光、田间作业及雨水对苜蓿品质的影响，研发了一种植入式草捆热风干燥设备，并基于湿法收获的加工工艺，利用该系统对苜蓿草捆进行了热风干燥试验。结果表明，在热风温度90 ℃条件下，可实现在40 min内将草捆的含水率从27%降低到14%以内。在干燥过程中，该系统的热效率达90%；植入式干燥中，草捆内部热量由内而外均匀扩散，完成整个草捆的干燥。试验后，草捆内部大部分已经完全干燥，叶片保存完整且呈翠绿色；相比较自然晾晒后打捆的苜蓿，经植入式热风干燥后，苜蓿的粗蛋白和相对饲用价值分别增加了10.98%和19.72%。上述结果为湿法收获草捆的干燥加工提供参考和技术支持。

关键词: 草捆, 含水率, 苜蓿, 植入式干燥, 品质

CLC Number:

S963.22+3.3

Yaqiang HU, Ya YUAN, Luwei YANG, Xuelai ZHANG, Shaopeng QIU, Xinyao YU. Study on Hot Air Drying System for Implantable Alfalfa Bales[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2023, 25(7): 105-112.

胡亚强, 苑亚, 杨鲁伟, 章学来, 邱少鹏, 于馨尧. 植入式苜蓿草捆热风干燥系统的研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(7): 105-112.

Figures/Tables 12

References 16

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等级 Level	粗蛋白 CP/%	酸性洗涤纤维 ADF/%	中性洗涤纤维 NDF/%	总可消化养分 TDN/%	相对饲喂价值 RFV
特级 Extraordinary level	>22.0	<27.0	<34.0	>62.0	>185.0
优质级 High quality level	20.1~22.0	27.1~29.0	34.0~36.1	60.5~62.0	170.1~185.0
良好级 Good level	18.1~20.0	29.1~32.1	36.0~40.1	58.1~60.4	150.1~170.0
普通级 Ordinary level	16.1~18.0	32.0~35.1	40.0~44.1	56.1~58.0	100.1~150.0
经济级 Economic level	≤16.0	≥35.0	≥44.0	≤56.0	≤100.0

等级 Level	粗蛋白 CP/%	酸性洗涤纤维 ADF/%	中性洗涤纤维 NDF/%	总可消化养分 TDN/%	相对饲喂价值 RFV
特级 Extraordinary level	>22.0	<27.0	<34.0	>62.0	>185.0
优质级 High quality level	20.1~22.0	27.1~29.0	34.0~36.1	60.5~62.0	170.1~185.0
良好级 Good level	18.1~20.0	29.1~32.1	36.0~40.1	58.1~60.4	150.1~170.0
普通级 Ordinary level	16.1~18.0	32.0~35.1	40.0~44.1	56.1~58.0	100.1~150.0
经济级 Economic level	≤16.0	≥35.0	≥44.0	≤56.0	≤100.0

指标 Index	干燥前样品 Sample before drying	干燥后样品 Sample after drying	自然晾晒样品 Natural drying samples
粗蛋白Crude protein， CP/%	20.3	20.2	18.2
酸性洗涤不溶蛋白Acid deter⁃ gent insoluble crude protein， ADICP/%	1.4	1.3	1.4
有效粗蛋白Available protein， AP/%	18.9	17.9	16.8
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber，ADF/%	28.2	27.5	33.7
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber，NDF/%	35.72	35.61	40.68
木质素Lingnin/%	6.5	6.5	7.3
非纤维碳水化合物Non-fiber carbohydrate， NFC/%	29.40	31.09	28.66
淀粉Starch/%	1.6	2.1	0.7
水溶性碳水化合物Water-soluble carbohydrates，WSC/%	10.8	11.9	6.6
单糖Monosaccharide，MSC/%	8.1	8.3	5.3
脂肪Fat/%	2.7	2.6	1.8
灰分Ash/%	10.88	10.50	9.66
总可消化养分Tatal digestive nutrition，TDN/%	61	61	58
相对饲用价值Relative feed value，RFV	172	170	142

指标 Index	干燥前样品 Sample before drying	干燥后样品 Sample after drying	自然晾晒样品 Natural drying samples
粗蛋白Crude protein， CP/%	20.3	20.2	18.2
酸性洗涤不溶蛋白Acid deter⁃ gent insoluble crude protein， ADICP/%	1.4	1.3	1.4
有效粗蛋白Available protein， AP/%	18.9	17.9	16.8
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber，ADF/%	28.2	27.5	33.7
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber，NDF/%	35.72	35.61	40.68
木质素Lingnin/%	6.5	6.5	7.3
非纤维碳水化合物Non-fiber carbohydrate， NFC/%	29.40	31.09	28.66
淀粉Starch/%	1.6	2.1	0.7
水溶性碳水化合物Water-soluble carbohydrates，WSC/%	10.8	11.9	6.6
单糖Monosaccharide，MSC/%	8.1	8.3	5.3
脂肪Fat/%	2.7	2.6	1.8
灰分Ash/%	10.88	10.50	9.66
总可消化养分Tatal digestive nutrition，TDN/%	61	61	58
相对饲用价值Relative feed value，RFV	172	170	142

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