Abstract: Sorghum is an important miscellaneous grain crop. In recent years, the trade quantity of sorghum between China and the United States has fluctuated dramatically. The situation of sorghum supply and demand in China has changed significantly, and consequently the development of the sorghum industry has attracted much attention. From the aspects of production, trade and consumption characteristics, this paper analyzed the development trend of sorghum industry in China from 1960 to 2018. It was found that the status of Chinese sorghum changed from a major grain crop to a minor miscellaneous grain, while the planting area of sorghum in China increased slightly in recent years. The domestic consumption of sorghum was mainly attributed to brewing sorghum-based spirits and for livestock and poultry feed use. Although China was the third largest sorghum consumer country in the world, its per capita consumption level was not high. China is the world’s largest importer of sorghum at present. Import sharply increased and reduced under the influence of the demand for feed sorghum, while export was small in scale and relatively stable. In the future, the development scale of sorghum in China would likely remain relatively stable, and the new growth space would mainly depend on the development of dryland grain crops, as well as the expansion of consumption channels.

Key words: sorghum, production, trade, consumption, trend

摘要： 高粱是我国重要的杂粮作物。近年来，中美贸易中高粱交易量剧烈波动，高粱供需形势发生显著变化，高粱产业发展备受关注。从中国高粱的生产特征、贸易特征、消费特征等方面入手，对1960—2018年国内高粱产业发展趋势及发展现状进行分析。研究发现，中国高粱从主要粮食作物转变为小杂粮，近年来种植面积略有提高；国内高粱消费主要用于酿酒和饲料，虽然中国是世界第三大高粱消费国，但人均消费水平并不高；目前，中国作为世界第一大高粱进口国，进口量受饲料高粱需求影响猛增猛减，出口量极小且相对稳定。未来，中国高粱的发展规模将保持相对稳定，新的增长空间主要取决于旱作粮食作物的发展和消费途径的拓展。

关键词: 高粱, 生产, 贸易, 消费, 趋势