关键词: SNP, SSR, 小麦品种, 指纹图谱

Abstract: This paper used Illumina 90K SNP chip and capillary high-throughput SSR detection technology to construct fingerprints of 75 wheat cultivars with 384 SNPs and 42 SSRs markers, and compared the characteristics of the two markers on genetic diversity, genetic similarity coefficient and identification ability. the results showed that: the genetic diversity index revealed by SNP markers was significantly lower than that by SSR markers, but it could also better reflect the genetic diversity among the varieties. The genetic similarity coefficient revealed by SNP markers was significantly higher than that of SSR markers, but it showed an extremely significant linear correlation between them. The ability of 384 SNP markers to identify isogenic lines was lower than 42 SSR markers, but after removing the isogenic lines, only 8 SNP or 4 SSR markers were needed to distinguish the remaining 74 wheat cultivars, which showed that the optimal locus combination had higher identification efficiency, and a few markers could be used in the preliminary identification of varieties, and the density of markers could be increased for very similar varieties. In this study, SSR and SNP markers were combined to construct fingerprint for the first time, and the consistency between the two markers was confirmed. The selection idea for marker quantity of molecular identification technology was proposed, which provided important reference for the establishment of DNA identification technology standard of wheat varieties.

Key words: SNP, SSR, wheat cultivars, fingerprint