关键词: 山西, 小麦品种, 农艺性状, 关联分析

Abstract: In order to understand the characters of wheat in Shanxi prorince, phenotypes of wheat varieties registered since the founding of China were tested both in the field and indoor experiments. 17 agronomic characters such as heading date, spike length, spikelet number, grains per spike, plant height, neck length of spike, internode length below the spike, flag leaf length, flag leaf width and 1 000grain weight were analyzed. The results showed that the neck length of spike had the highest coefficient of variation, while spikelet number had the lowest. The agronomic characters of wheat varieties displayed regularity changes with breeding eras. The mean plant height decreased from 110～120 cm to 75～90 cm, which indicated that the plant type was evolved from high stalkhorizontal type towards dwarferect type. The main yield components, 1 000grain weight, grains per spike and spikelet number continued to increase stably. There was no significant correlation among the three yield factors, while the grains per spike correlated significantly with spikelet number, indicating a together improvement with the two characters during the development of wheat breeding in Shanxi. Association analysis showed that 33 SSR markers were significantly correlated with agronomic traits. The explanatory rate of phenotypic variation by single marker was 5.6%~25.3%. These markers could provide theoretical reference for molecular markerassisted breeding.

Key words: Shanxi province, wheat varieties, agronomic traits, association analysis