低温胁迫对‘WL’系列苜蓿品种碳氮物质含量和相对电导率的影响

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0215

中国农业科技导报 ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (10): 63-71.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0215

低温胁迫对‘WL’系列苜蓿品种碳氮物质含量和相对电导率的影响

隋可¹(), 刘泽宇¹, 张玉霞¹(), 刘庭玉¹, 单新河², 张智勇³, 王显国²

^1.内蒙古民族大学草业学院，内蒙古自治区饲用作物工程中心，内蒙古通辽 028000
^2.中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院，北京 100193
^3.通辽市农牧业科学研究所，内蒙古通辽 028000

收稿日期:2024-03-20 接受日期:2024-06-21 出版日期:2025-10-15 发布日期:2025-10-15
通讯作者: 张玉霞
作者简介:隋可 E-mail：keke15804750161@163.com；
基金资助:
国家牧草产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-34);内蒙古自治区直属高校专项(GXKY22018);内蒙古自治区生态农业国家民委重点实验室开放基金项目(MDK2023095);中央支持地方高校改革发展-作物学（草学）提质学科建设项目(240101)

Effects of Low Temperature Stress on Non-structural Carbon and Nitrogen Content and Relative Conductivity of ‘WL’ Alfalfa Varieties

Ke SUI¹(), Zeyu LIU¹, Yuxia ZHANG¹(), Tingyu LIU¹, Xinhe SHAN², Zhiyong ZHANG³, Xianguo WANG²

^1.Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Forage Crop Engineering Technology Research Center，College of Prataculture，Inner Mongolia Minzu University，Inner Mongolia Tongliao 028000，China
^2.College of Grassland Science and Technology，China Agricultural University，Beijing 100193，China
^3.Tongliao Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences，Inner Mongolia Tongliao 028000，China

Received:2024-03-20 Accepted:2024-06-21 Online:2025-10-15 Published:2025-10-15
Contact: Yuxia ZHANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究低温胁迫下不同苜蓿品种抗寒性的差异以及非结构性碳氮物质的含量变化规律，选取在科尔沁沙地种植的‘WL’系列12个不同秋眠级的紫花苜蓿品种，于越冬前挖取越冬器官（苜蓿根系），采用可程式恒温恒湿试验箱人工模拟低温冷冻（-20 ℃）处理，以低温冷藏（4 ℃）处理为对照，测定苜蓿根颈的相对电导率和非结构碳氮物质含量变化，并进行相关性分析、聚类分析、主成分分析、隶属函数分析。结果表明，低温冷冻下紫花苜蓿的相对电导率、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和游离氨基酸的含量均较对照增加，淀粉含量则下降。相关性分析表明，低温冷藏下，苜蓿根颈的相对电导率与淀粉含量呈显著负相关，与可溶性蛋白含量呈显著正相关（P<0.05）；低温冷冻下，苜蓿根颈的相对电导率与淀粉含量和可溶性蛋白含量呈显著负相关（P<0.05）。聚类分析将12个不同秋眠级的‘WL’系列苜蓿分为2类，第1类为WL168HQ、WL298HQ、WL319HQ共3个秋眠型苜蓿品种，第2类为秋眠型苜蓿品种WL329HQ和8个半秋眠型苜蓿品种。隶属函数综合评价表明，不同秋眠级苜蓿抗寒性强弱的次序为WL319HQ>WL298HQ>WL168HQ>WL349HQ>WL329HQ>WL354HQ>WL343HQ>WL358HQ>WL366HQ>WL377HQ>WL363HQ>WL440HQ。综上所述，建议在科尔沁沙地种植WL168HQ、WL319HQ、WL298HQ等抗寒性强的低秋眠级紫花苜蓿品种。

关键词: 低温胁迫, 苜蓿, 相对电导率, 抗寒性

Abstract:

In order to explore the differences in cold resistance among different alfalfa varieties under low temperature stress and the changes in the contents of non-structural carbon and nitrogen substances in the roots， the overwintering organs （alfalfa roots） of 12 different fall dormancy alfalfa varieties of the ‘WL’ series planted in Horqin sandy land were dug before overwintering， and the programmable constant temperature and humidity test box was used to simulate the low temperature refrigeration （-20 ℃） treatment，and the low temperature cold storage （4 ℃） treatment was used as the control. The relative conductivity and non-structural carbon and nitrogen substance content of alfalfa root neck were measured， and correlation， clustering， principal component and membership function analyses were conducted. The results showed that the relative conductivity， soluble sugar， soluble protein and free amino acid contents under low temperature refrigeration increased compared to the control， while the starch content decreased. Correlation analysis showed that under low-temperature refrigeration， the relative conductivity of alfalfa root neck was significantly negatively correlated with starch content and significantly positively correlated with soluble protein content （P<0.05）； under low temperature refrigeration， the relative conductivity of alfalfa root neck was significantly negatively correlated with starch and soluble protein contents （P<0.05）. Cluster analysis divided 12 different fall dormancy levels of ‘WL’series into 2 categories. The first category consisted of 3 autumn dormant alfalfa varieties WL168HQ， WL298HQ and WL319HQ. The second category consisted of 1 autumn dormant alfalfa varieties WL329HQ and 8 semi autumn dormant alfalfa varieties. The comprehensive evaluation of the affiliation function showed that the order of the strength of cold resistance of different fall dormancy alfalfa was as follows： WL319HQ>WL298HQ>WL168HQ>WL349HQ>WL329HQ>WL354HQ>WL343HQ>WL358HQ>WL366HQ>WL377HQ>WL363HQ>WL440HQ. In summary， it was suggested to plant low autumn dormant alfalfa varieties with strong cold resistance such as WL168HQ， WL319HQ， WL298HQ in Horqin sandy land.

Key words: low temperature stress, alfalfa, relative conductivity, cold resistance

中图分类号:

S541.9

隋可, 刘泽宇, 张玉霞, 刘庭玉, 单新河, 张智勇, 王显国. 低温胁迫对‘WL’系列苜蓿品种碳氮物质含量和相对电导率的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2025, 27(10): 63-71.

Ke SUI, Zeyu LIU, Yuxia ZHANG, Tingyu LIU, Xinhe SHAN, Zhiyong ZHANG, Xianguo WANG. Effects of Low Temperature Stress on Non-structural Carbon and Nitrogen Content and Relative Conductivity of ‘WL’ Alfalfa Varieties[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(10): 63-71.

图/表 7

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品种Variety	处理 Treatment
品种Variety	低温冷藏Low temperature storage	低温冷冻Low temperature refrigeration
WL168HQ	13.55±1.73 bβ	31.79±0.75 cα
WL319HQ	15.65±2.33 bβ	33.21±1.07 bcα
WL298HQ	13.04±1.09 bβ	32.95±3.11 cα
WL329HQ	15.35±3.07 bβ	34.16±1.09 bα
WL349HQ	15.80±3.14 bβ	35.31±1.30 abα
WL354HQ	17.37±2.31 abβ	36.36±0.57 aα
WL358HQ	15.10±0.70 bβ	33.15±6.24 bcα
WL343HQ	17.42±1.90 abβ	33.48±0.71 bα
WL377HQ	16.19±2.33 abβ	33.49±5.58 bα
WL363HQ	17.33±2.08 abβ	35.49±2.02 abα
WL366HQ	22.80±2.53 aβ	36.75±2.87 aα
WL440HQ	16.85±1.86 abβ	35.26±2.54 abα

品种Variety	处理 Treatment
品种Variety	低温冷藏Low temperature storage	低温冷冻Low temperature refrigeration
WL168HQ	13.55±1.73 bβ	31.79±0.75 cα
WL319HQ	15.65±2.33 bβ	33.21±1.07 bcα
WL298HQ	13.04±1.09 bβ	32.95±3.11 cα
WL329HQ	15.35±3.07 bβ	34.16±1.09 bα
WL349HQ	15.80±3.14 bβ	35.31±1.30 abα
WL354HQ	17.37±2.31 abβ	36.36±0.57 aα
WL358HQ	15.10±0.70 bβ	33.15±6.24 bcα
WL343HQ	17.42±1.90 abβ	33.48±0.71 bα
WL377HQ	16.19±2.33 abβ	33.49±5.58 bα
WL363HQ	17.33±2.08 abβ	35.49±2.02 abα
WL366HQ	22.80±2.53 aβ	36.75±2.87 aα
WL440HQ	16.85±1.86 abβ	35.26±2.54 abα

品种 Variety	淀粉含量Starch content		可溶性糖含量Soluble sugar content
品种 Variety	低温冷藏Low temperature storage	低温冷冻Low temperature refrigeration	低温冷藏Low temperature storage	低温冷冻Low temperature refrigeration
WL168HQ	63.12±5.50 abα	24.38±2.19 abβ	35.10±3.15 abβ	88.37±5.93 aα
WL319HQ	65.35±5.54 aα	25.73±3.13 abβ	34.05±3.20 abβ	67.98±2.78 abcdeα
WL298HQ	64.08±4.32 abα	23.50±3.21 bβ	39.74±5.08 aβ	62.73±12.20 cdeα
WL329HQ	65.39±3.81 aα	24.12±0.82 abβ	38.82±2.97 aβ	53.07±6.19 eα
WL349HQ	40.07±2.06 bα	23.38±2.92 bαβ	39.07±4.38 aβ	61.17±8.40 deα
WL354HQ	64.85±4.50 abα	24.62±1.80 abβ	32.69±7.32 bβ	75.08±7.86 abcdα
WL358HQ	58.87±2.87 bα	30.12±1.07 abβ	31.01±4.44 bβ	81.90±3.68 abcα
WL343HQ	62.94±2.77 abα	26.63±1.11 abβ	38.04±3.56 abα	57.40±1.99 deα
WL377HQ	50.39±2.31 bα	30.93±1.46 aαβ	34.41±6.79 abβ	56.62±3.27 deα
WL363HQ	60.20±7.38 aα	28.11±1.71 abβ	38.70±2.97 aβ	68.98±4.70 abcdeα
WL366HQ	63.17±9.45 abα	28.84±0.48 abβ	34.35±6.53 abβ	67.21±1.64 bcdeα
WL440HQ	56.99±4.68 bα	30.12±2.22 abβ	34.81±5.67 abβ	84.96±3.59 abα

品种 Variety	淀粉含量Starch content		可溶性糖含量Soluble sugar content
品种 Variety	低温冷藏Low temperature storage	低温冷冻Low temperature refrigeration	低温冷藏Low temperature storage	低温冷冻Low temperature refrigeration
WL168HQ	63.12±5.50 abα	24.38±2.19 abβ	35.10±3.15 abβ	88.37±5.93 aα
WL319HQ	65.35±5.54 aα	25.73±3.13 abβ	34.05±3.20 abβ	67.98±2.78 abcdeα
WL298HQ	64.08±4.32 abα	23.50±3.21 bβ	39.74±5.08 aβ	62.73±12.20 cdeα
WL329HQ	65.39±3.81 aα	24.12±0.82 abβ	38.82±2.97 aβ	53.07±6.19 eα
WL349HQ	40.07±2.06 bα	23.38±2.92 bαβ	39.07±4.38 aβ	61.17±8.40 deα
WL354HQ	64.85±4.50 abα	24.62±1.80 abβ	32.69±7.32 bβ	75.08±7.86 abcdα
WL358HQ	58.87±2.87 bα	30.12±1.07 abβ	31.01±4.44 bβ	81.90±3.68 abcα
WL343HQ	62.94±2.77 abα	26.63±1.11 abβ	38.04±3.56 abα	57.40±1.99 deα
WL377HQ	50.39±2.31 bα	30.93±1.46 aαβ	34.41±6.79 abβ	56.62±3.27 deα
WL363HQ	60.20±7.38 aα	28.11±1.71 abβ	38.70±2.97 aβ	68.98±4.70 abcdeα
WL366HQ	63.17±9.45 abα	28.84±0.48 abβ	34.35±6.53 abβ	67.21±1.64 bcdeα
WL440HQ	56.99±4.68 bα	30.12±2.22 abβ	34.81±5.67 abβ	84.96±3.59 abα

品种 Variety	游离氨基酸含量Free amino acid content		可溶性蛋白含量Soluble protein content
品种 Variety	低温冷藏Low temperature storage	低温冷冻Low temperature refrigeration	低温冷藏Low temperature storage	低温冷冻Low temperature refrigeration
WL168HQ	0.65±0.05 dβ	0.90±0.01 cα	18.99±3.85 bcβ	32.96±2.60 aα
WL319HQ	1.35±0.16 aβ	1.80±0.17 aα	18.49±2.40 cβ	32.16±4.37 abα
WL298HQ	1.16±0.46 bcβ	1.59±0.30 abα	25.41±3.99 abαβ	30.03±3.37 abα
WL329HQ	1.30±0.20 aαβ	1.42±0.47 aα	26.53±1.03 aβ	30.68±3.49 abα
WL349HQ	1.26±0.67 abαβ	1.43±0.30 abcα	16.60±1.50 cβ	27.80±1.47 abcdα
WL354HQ	1.10±0.42 bcαβ	1.13±0.06 bcα	17.61±0.99 cβ	24.09±2.81 bcdα
WL358HQ	1.22±0.28 abα	1.37±0.11 abcα	20.75±3.36 abcβ	30.23±3.20 abα
WL343HQ	1.19±0.10 bcβ	1.37±0.17 abcα	14.32±1.81 cβ	29.09±3.01 abcα
WL377HQ	1.16±0.49 bcβ	1.62±0.14 abα	19.41±1.15 bcβ	25.83±2.31 bcdα
WL363HQ	1.19±0.23 bcαβ	1.25±0.21 aα	15.11±2.72 cβ	28.79±5.54 abcα
WL366HQ	1.15±0.12 bcαβ	1.25±0.20 abcα	16.44±1.86 cαβ	18.34±2.52 dα
WL440HQ	0.99±0.05 cdβ	1.68±0.43 abα	17.00±2.01 cβ	29.12±3.12 abcα

低温胁迫对‘WL’系列苜蓿品种碳氮物质含量和相对电导率的影响

Effects of Low Temperature Stress on Non-structural Carbon and Nitrogen Content and Relative Conductivity of ‘WL’ Alfalfa Varieties

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Metrics

处理 Treatemnt	指标 Index	相对电导率 Relative conductivity	淀粉含量 Starch content	可溶性糖含量Soluble sugar content	可溶性蛋白含量Soluble protein content
低温冷藏 Low temperature storage	淀粉含量 Starch content	-0.281^*
	可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar content	0.336	0.034
	可溶性蛋白含量 Soluble protein content	0.595^*	0.063	0.130
	游离氨基酸含量 Free amino acid content	-0.055	-0.288	-0.323^*	-0.005
低温冷冻 Low temperature refrigeration	淀粉含量 Starch content	-0.157^*
	可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar content	-0.092	-0.147
	可溶性蛋白含量 Soluble protein content	-0.549^*	-0.407	0.106
	游离氨基酸含量 Free amino acid content	-0.196	0.065	-0.684^**	-0.073

主成分Principal component	特征值Eigen value	贡献率Contribution rate/%	累计贡献率Cumulative contribution rate/%	特征向量 Eigenvector
主成分Principal component	特征值Eigen value	贡献率Contribution rate/%	累计贡献率Cumulative contribution rate/%	相对电导率 Relative conductivity	淀粉含量Starch content	可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar content	游离氨基酸含量 Free amino acid content	可溶性蛋白含量 Soluble protein content
1	1.846	36.91	36.91	0.45	0.29	-0.06	-0.50	-0.81
2	1.357	27.14	64.01	0.07	0.14	-0.56	-0.23	0.63
3	1.123	22.46	86.51	-0.33	0.68	0.47	0.10	0.31

品种 Variety	隶属函数值 Membership function value			综合评价值Comprehensive score	排名Ranking
品种 Variety	μ（X₁）	μ（X₂）	μ（X₃）	综合评价值Comprehensive score	排名Ranking
WL168HQ	0.57	1.00	0.53	0.51	3
WL319HQ	0.10	0.89	0.63	0.60	1
WL298HQ	0.69	0.79	1.00	0.55	2
WL329HQ	0.00	0.33	0.10	0.48	5
WL349HQ	0.38	0.73	0.22	0.50	4
WL354HQ	0.68	0.39	0.06	0.44	6
WL358HQ	0.35	0.49	0.99	0.42	8
WL343HQ	0.27	0.76	0.33	0.43	7
WL377HQ	0.22	0.56	0.76	0.35	10
WL363HQ	0.53	0.58	0.42	0.30	11
WL366HQ	0.32	0.64	0.28	0.39	9
WL440HQ	0.55	0.68	0.00	0.25	12

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