Abstract: In order to study the distribution characteristics of macroalgae impacted by typhoons and provide basic data for the restoration and reconstruction of the seaweed beds in Gouqi Island, Zhengjiang Province, this paper collected some data, including the best track data of strong typhoon ‘Haikui’  obtained from the China Meteorological Administration, weather data from Shengshan Station, survey data of macroalgae before (May, 2012) and after (August, 2012) typhoon effect, benthic characteristics survey data and wave exposure measure data in Gouqi Island. These data were used to analyze the changes of the minimum air pressure and maximum wind speed by linear regression analysis, determine the dominant macroalgae species by index of relative importance, then analyze the biomass distribution of dominant species combined with the characteristics of island sediment and the change of wave exposure index. The results showed the minimum air pressure and maximum wind speed in Gouqi Island was recorded 992.9 hPa and 20 m/s, respectively, impacted by ‘Haikui’. Beaufort scale in Gouqi Iland was 9, with a wind direction from east to southeast. Wave exposure index in south of the island was higher than that in north under the impact of wind wave made by ‘Haikui’. The macroalgae species composition was no significant difference before and after typhoon. Sargassum vachellianum, Jania decussato-dichotoma and Dictyota dichotoma were the dominant macroalgae species in Gouqi Island. Sargassum horneri, Symphyocladia latiuscula and Corallina officinalis were the fundamental macroalgae species in Gouqi Island. The biomass distribution of dominant and fundamental species in each site was contrary to the wave exposure index. In this paper, suggestions were provided to reduce the impact of typhoon disaster during the restoration and reconstruction mission in the seaweed beds of Gouqi Island, which included the windless region selection and releasing artificial reefs with antiwind-wave capability.

Key words: macroalgae, typhoon, wave exposure index, distribution, Gouqi Island

摘要： 为深入认识台风对浙江岛礁大型底栖海藻分布的影响，为枸杞岛海藻场的恢复与重建工作提供基础资料，利用2012年11号强台风“海葵”的气象资料、嵊山气象站数据以及台风来临前（2012年5月）和台风过后（2012年8月）枸杞岛的大型底栖海藻、底质调查和暴波强度试验数据，运用线性回归分析“海葵”作用下枸杞岛最小气压和最大风速的变化情况，通过相对重要性指数确定枸杞岛海藻优势种并结合枸杞岛底质特征和暴波强度变化分析了优势种生物量分布变化对“海葵”的响应。结果表明，受“海葵”影响，枸杞岛附近海域的最小气压992.9 hPa，最大风速20 m/s，风力达9级水平，风向东东南—东南东向。在台风产生的风浪作用下，枸杞岛南面站点暴波强度大于北面站点。台风前后海藻的种类组成变化不显著。研究期间枸杞岛海藻优势种为瓦氏马尾藻（Sargassum vachellianum）、叉珊藻（Jania decussato-dichotoma）和网地藻（Dictyota dichotoma），主要种为铜藻（Sargassum horneri）、鸭毛藻（Symphyocladia latiuscula）和珊瑚藻（Corallina officinalis）。优势种和主要种海藻的生物量分布随暴波强度指数的增大而减小。结合台风对枸杞岛海藻场大型底栖海藻分布和生物量变化的影响结果，提出枸杞岛海藻场养护工作中应选择受台风影响较小的海域进行，并投放抗风浪能力强的礁体设施。

关键词: 大型底栖海藻, 台风, 暴波强度, 分布, 浙江枸杞岛