Effects of Organic Fertilizer on Organic Matter Composition and Microbial Community Structure of Tobacco-Growing Soil in Yuxi

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0932

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to further clarify the effects of increased application of organic fertilizer on the microecological environment of tobacco-growing soil and its internal interaction， a field experiment was conducted to apply organic fertilizer （0， 3 000， 6 000 and 12 000 kg·hm^-2）. The effects on composition， physicochemical properties and microbial community characteristics of soil organic matter were studied. The results showed that increased application of organic fertilizer significantly increased pH， organic matter and available nutrient contents of tobacco-growing soil. With the increase of organic fertilizer application amount， the contents of soil particulate organic matter， water-soluble organic carbon， microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen and light organic matter showed increasing trend， which organic matter content increased by 7%~28%， available potassium content increased by 10%~61%， microbial biomass carbon increased by 14%~20% and microbial biomass nitrogen increased more than 24%. The ACE indexes of bacteria and fungi in tobacco-planting soil were increased with the application of organic fertilizer. And the relative abundances of beneficial bacteria such as Proteobacteria， Basidiomycetes， Cladosporium and Pseudomonas in soil were increased obviously. The relative abundances of Bryobacter and Haliangium decreased significantly， and were negatively correlated with active organic matter. In conclusion， the application of organic fertilizer stimulated the growth and propagation of soil microbial community， increased the active organic matter component of tobacco planting soil， and improved soil physical and chemical properties.

Key words: organic fertilizer, organic matter, microbial, physical and chemical properties, community structure

摘要：

为进一步明确有机肥增施对植烟土壤微生态环境的影响及其内在相互作用，通过田间试验，在常规化学肥料基础上分别增施0、3 000、6 000和12 000 kg·hm^-2有机肥，研究其对土壤有机质组分、理化性质及微生物群落特征的影响。结果表明，增施有机肥显著提升了植烟土壤pH及有机质和速效养分含量；随着有机肥施入量的增加，土壤颗粒有机质、水溶性有机碳、微生物量碳氮及轻组有机质含量均呈现增加趋势，其中有机质含量提升7%~28%，速效钾含量提升10%~61%，微生物量碳提升14%~20%，微生物量氮提升24%以上。增施有机肥处理提高植烟土壤细菌与真菌的ACE指数，土壤中变形菌门、担子菌门、枝顶孢霉属、假单胞菌属等有益菌群的丰度明显增加；Bryobacter、Haliangium等菌群丰度明显降低，且其丰度与土壤活性有机质含量呈负相关。综上所述，增施有机肥刺激了土壤有益微生物菌群的生长和繁殖，提高了植烟土壤活性有机质组分含量，改善了土壤理化性状。

关键词: 有机肥, 有机质, 微生物, 理化性质, 群落结构

CLC Number:

S134

Xingsong WANG, Na WANG, Yu DU, Peng ZHOU, Ge WANG, Meng JIA, Zhaoli XU, Yuxiang BAI. Effects of Organic Fertilizer on Organic Matter Composition and Microbial Community Structure of Tobacco-Growing Soil in Yuxi[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2024, 26(8): 201-212.

王兴松, 王娜, 杜宇, 周鹏, 王戈, 贾孟, 徐照丽, 白羽祥. 有机肥对玉溪植烟土壤有机质组分和微生物群落结构的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2024, 26(8): 201-212.

Figures/Tables 13

Table 1 Basic nutrient properties of tested soil

有机质

OM/（g·kg^-1）

全氮

TN/（g·kg^-1）

全磷

TP/（g·kg^-1）

全钾

TK/（g·kg^-1）

碱解氮

AN/（mg·kg^-1）

有效磷

AP/（mg·kg^-1）

速效钾

AK/（mg·kg^-1）

Table 2 Organic matter composition of tobacco planting soil particles under different treatments

指标Index		G1	G2	G3	G4
含量Content/（g·kg^-1）	粗颗粒有机质 cPOM	5.39±0.12 d	8.63±0.15 c	12.25±0.23 b	14.71±0.56 a
	细颗粒有机质fPOM	2.56±0.35 c	3.10±0.03 b	3.46±0.03 b	3.74±0.10 a
	矿物结合有机质MOM	19.78±0.24 a	18.04±0.18 b	17.95±0.68 b	16.98±0.24 c
占比Percentage/%	矿物结合有机质 MOM	71.33±2.51 a	60.60±4.44 b	53.33±0.78 c	47.93±2.95 d
	粗颗粒有机质 cPOM	19.44±0.11 d	28.99±2.05 c	36.40±0.31 b	41.52±0.78 a
	细颗粒有机质 fPOM	9.23±0.13 b	10.41±0.02 a	10.27±1.02 a	10.56±0.07 a

Fig. 1 Composition and proportion of water-soluble organic carbon in tobacco-growing soil under different treatmentsNote： Different lowercase letters of the same index indicate significant differences between different treatments at P<0.05 level.

Fig. 2 The content and proportion of carbon， nitrogen and nitrogen were treated differentlyNote： Different lowercase letters of the same index indicate significant differences between different treatments at P<0.05 level.

Fig. 3 Light organic matter and reconstituted organic matter in tobacco-growing soil under different treatmentsNote： Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at P<0.05 level.

Table 3 Physicochemical properties of tobacco-growing soil under different treatments

处理Treatment	pH	有机质OM/（g·kg^-1）	碱解氮AN/（mg·kg^-1）	有效磷AP/（mg·kg^-1）	速效钾AK/（mg·kg^-1）
G1	6.22±0.04 b	27.73±1.10 c	96.55±3.38 b	16.09±0.03 b	543.33±22.04 d
G2	6.41±0.04 a	29.77±2.25 b	98.52±0.28 b	16.73±0.48 b	598.47±11.33 c
G3	6.37±0.05 a	33.65±0.51 a	111.33±4.08 a	17.92±0.68 a	670.00±5.73 b
G4	6.34±0.05 a	35.43±1.22 a	113.42±2.34 a	18.35±0.50 a	873.33±27.35 a

Fig. 4 Community structure of bacteria and fungus in soil samples at phylum classification level

Fig. 5 Community structure of bacteria and fungus in soil samples at the genus level

Fig. 6 Alpha diversity of bacterial and fungus community in soil samples at genus level

Fig. 7 PCoA analysis of bacterial and fungal community

Fig. 8 LEfSe multistage discriminant analysis of bacteria and fungus

Fig. 9 Correlation analysis of dominant bacteria genera with physicochemical properties and organic matter componentsNote： HFOM—Heavy fraction organic matter；MBC—Microbial biomass carbon；MBN—Microbial biomass nitrogen；fPOM—Fine organic matter； OM—Organic matter；cPOM—Coarse organic matter；AP—Available phosphorus；AK—Available potassium；AN—Hydrolyzed nitrogen；MOM—Minerals combine organic matter.

Table 4 Stepwise regression analysis of soil organic matter components， physicochemical properties and microbial genera

指标Index	偏回归方程Partial regression equation	标准化系数Normalization coefficient	R²
微生物量氮MBN	Y=-6.311+0.17AK	0.948	0.996^**
微生物量碳MBC	Y=33.576+1.845OM+0.139Sporothrix	0.829； 0.298	0.914^**
粗颗粒占土壤百分比cPOM%	Y=-19.006+0.983OM	0.952	0.906^**
矿物结合有机质MOM	Y=102.173-3.154AP+0.475Haliangium	-0.563； 0.475	0.838^**
土壤有机质OM	Y=-85.328+0.317AN+13.248pH	0.796； 0.338	0.916^**

References 33

1	马文富,邓小鹏,杜杏蓉,等.连作年限对植烟土壤化学特性及烟叶产质量的影响[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学),2021,36(6):993-999.
	MA W F, DENG X P, DU X R, et al.. Effects of continuous cropping years on the chemical characteristics of tobacco-planted soil, yield and quality of tobacco leaves [J]. J. Yunnan Agric. Univ. (Nat. Sci.), 2021, 36(6):993-999.
2	马瑞萍,戴相林,刘国一,等.施肥模式对青稞田土壤潜在固氮速率和自生固氮微生物群落结构的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2021,29(10):1692-1703.
	MA R P, DAI X L, LIU G Y, et al.. Effects of fertilizer patterns on the potential nitrogen fixation rate and community structure of Asymbiotic diazotroph in highland barley fields on the Tibetan Plateau [J]. Chin. J. Eco-Agric., 2021, 29(10):1692-1703.
3	王源,朱毓蓉,欧阳铖人,等.有机肥施用对植烟农田土壤肥力及烟叶质量的影响研究进展[J].土壤通报,2020,51(4):1003-1009.
	WANG Y, ZHU Y R, OUYANG C R, et al.. A review of effect of organic fertilizer on soil fertility and quality of flue-cured tobacco [J]. Chin. J. Soil Sci., 2020, 51(4):1003-1009.
4	费裕翀,刘丽,陈钢,等.不同有机肥处理对紫色土油茶林土壤微生物碳源利用的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2020(5):101-108.
	FEI Y C, LIU L, CHEN G, et al.. Effects of different organic fertilizer treatments on carbon source utilization of soil microbial communities of Camellia oleifera plantation in purple soil area [J]. Soil Fert. Sci. China, 2020(5):101-108.
5	许跃奇,阎海涛,王晓强,等.生物碳与有机肥配施对褐土烟田微生物功能多样性的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2020,41(5):55-59, 67.
	XU Y Q, YAN H T, WANG X Q, et al.. Effects of mixed application of biochar and organic fertilizers on microbial functional diversity in tobacco growing cinnamon soil [J]. Chin. Tobacco Sci., 2020, 41(5):55-59, 67.
6	黄龙,包维楷,李芳兰,等.土壤结构和植被对土壤微生物群落的影响[J].应用与环境生物学报,2021,27(6):1725-1731.
	HUANG L, BAO W K, LI F L, et al.. Effects of soil structure and vegetation on soil microbial community [J]. Chin. J. Appl. Environ. Biol., 2021, 27(6):1725-1731.
7	吕睿,常帆,张兴昌,等.黄土高原土壤细菌和真菌群落结构及其多样性对菌糠有机肥响应机制研究[J].环境生态学, 2022, 4(Z1):40-49.
	LYU R, CHANG F, ZHANG X C, et al.. Responses of soil bacterial and fungal community structure and diversity to microbial bran organic manure in the Loess Plateau [J]. Chin. Environ. Biol., 2022, 4(Z1):40-49.
8	李秀英,赵秉强,李絮花,等.不同施肥制度对土壤微生物的影响及其与土壤肥力的关系[J].中国农业科学,2005(8):1591-1599.
	LI X Y, ZHAO B Q, LI X H, et al.. Effects of different fertilization systems on soil microbe and its relation to soil fertility [J]. Chin. Agric. Sci., 2005(8):1591-1599.
9	苗彤.高通量测序技术在土壤微生物方面的应用研究进展[J].现代农业科技,2020(18):155-156, 162.
	MIAO T. Research progress on the application of high-thoughput sequencing techonlogy in soil microbial diversity [J]. J. Modern Tech., 2020, (18):155-156, 162.
10	鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:1-495.
11	CAMBARDELLA C A, ELLIOTT E T. Particulate soil organic-matter changes across a grassland cultivation sequence [J/OL]. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 1992, 56(3):17 [2022-09-20]. .
12	姬强,孙汉印,王勇,等.土壤颗粒有机碳和矿质结合有机碳对4种耕作措施的响应[].水土保持学报,2012,26(2):134-139.
	JI Q, SUN H Y, WANG Y, et al.. Response of soil particulate organic carbon and mineral-bound organic carbon to four kinds of tillage pratices [J]. J. Soil Water Conserv., 2012, 26(2):134-139.
13	吴宪,王蕊,胡菏,等.潮土细菌及真菌群落对化肥减量配施有机肥和秸秆的响应[J].环境科学,2020,41(10):4669-4681.
	WU X, WANG R, HU H, et al.. Response of bacterial and fungal communities to chemical fertilizer reduction combined with organic fertilizer and straw in fluvo-aquic soil [J]. Chin. J. Environ. Sci., 2021, 41(10):4669-4681.
14	周东兴,李欣,宁玉翠,等.蚯蚓粪配施化肥对稻田土壤性状和酶活的影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2021,52(2):25-35.
	ZHOU D X, LI X, NING Y C, et al.. Effect of chemical fertilizer combined with vermicompost on soil characters and enzyme activity in paddy fields [J]. J. Northeast Agric. Univ., 2021, 52(2):25-35.
15	渠晨晨,任稳燕,李秀秀,等.重新认识土壤有机质[J].科学通报, 2022,67(10):913-923.
	QU C C, REN W Y, LI X X, et al.. Revisit soil organic matter [J]. Chin. Sci. Bull., 2022, 67(10):913-923.
16	CHAO L, CHENG G, DEVINE L, et al.. An absorbing markov chain approach to understanding the microbial role in soil carbon stabilization [J]. Biogeochemistry, 2011, 106(3):303-309.
17	周萌,肖扬,刘晓冰.土壤活性有机质组分的分类方法及其研究进展[J].土壤与作物, 2019,8(4):349-360.
	ZHOU M, XIAO Y, LIU X B. Soil labile organic matter components and research progress [J]. Soils Crops, 2019, 8(4):349-360.
18	张久明,匡恩俊,刘亦丹,等.有机肥替代不同比例化肥对土壤有机碳组分的影响[J].麦类作物学报, 2021,41(12):1534-1540.
	ZHANG J M, KUANG EN J, LIU Y D, et al.. Effect of different proportions of labile organic fertilizer substituted by nitrogen fertilizer on components of soil organic carbon [J]. J. Triticeae Crops, 2021, 41(12):1534-1540.
19	宁川川,王建武,蔡昆争.有机肥对土壤肥力和土壤环境质量的影响研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2016,25(1):175-181.
	NING C C, WANG J W, CAI K Z. The effects of organic fertilizers on soil fertility and soil environmental quality: a review [J]. Ecol. Environ. Sci., 2016, 25(1):175-181.
20	李潇潇,师桂英,张立彭,等.荧光假单胞菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens)在植物病害生物防治中的研究及展望[J].草原与草坪, 2021,41(5):148-156.
	LI X X, SHI G X, ZHANG L P, et al.. Identification and characterization of Pseudomonas fluorescens for biological control of plant diseases [J]. Grassl. Turf, 2021, 41(5):148-156.
21	王利利,董民,张璐,等.不同碳氮比有机肥对有机农业土壤微生物生物量的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2013,21(9):1073-1077.
	WANG L L, DONG M, ZHANG L, et al.. Effects of organic manures with different carbon-to-nitrogen ratios on soil microbial biomass of organic agriculture [J]. Chin. J. Eco-Agric., 2013, 21(9):1073-1077.
22	李婧,迟凤琴,魏丹,等.不同有机物料还田对黑土活性有机碳组分含量的影响[J].大豆科学,2016,35(6):975-980.
	LI Q, CHI F Q, WEI D, et al.. Effects of different organic materials returning to field on active organic carbon components in black soil [J]. Soybean Sci., 2016, 5(6):975-980.
23	周东兴,李欣,宁玉翠,等.蚯蚓粪配施化肥对稻田土壤性状和酶活的影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2021,52(2):25-35.
	ZHOU D X, LI X, NING Y C, et al.. Effect of chemical fertilizer combined with vermicompost on soil characters and enzyme activity in paddy fields [J]. J. Northeast Agric. Univ., 2021, 52(2):25-35.
24	付海丽.牛粪与化肥配施对侧柏根际土壤微生物数量和酶活性的影响[J].生物灾害科学,2014,37(2):134-139.
	FU H L. Effect of cattle manure co-applied with inorganic fertilizer on microorganism population and enzyme activtiy in the rhizosphere soil of Platycladus orientalis [J]. Bio. Disaster Sci., 2014, 37(2):134-139.
25	谭骏,黄河,汤薇,等.蚯蚓粪有机肥对土壤微生物群落的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2021,49(20):228-233.
	TAN J, HUANG H, TANG W, et al.. Effects of earthworm manure on soil microbial community [J]. J. Jiangsu Agric. Sci., 2021, 49(20): 228-233.
26	王珏,杜琴,彭双,等.不同施肥处理对植烟土壤细菌群落的影响[J].土壤,2021,53(5):998-1007.
	WANG J, DU Q, PENG S, et al.. Effects of different fertilization treatments on bacterial community in tobacco-planting soil [J]. Soils, 2022, 53(5):998-1007.
27	FIERER N, LAUBER C L, RAMIREZ K S, et al.. Comparative metagenomic, phylogenetic and physiological analyses of soil microbial communities across nitrogen gradients [J]. ISME J., 2012, 6(5):1007-1017.
28	王天乐,王晓娟,刘恩科,等.甘蓝、菜豆和玉米不同轮作组合对淡褐土细菌群落和作物产量的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2022,41(2):375-386.
	WANG T L, WANG X J, LIU EN K, et al.. Effects of different crop rotation combinations of cabbage, kidney bean, and maize on bacterial community and crop yield in light brown soil [J]. J. Agro-Environ. Sci., 2022, 41(2):375-386.
29	ZHAO S C, QIU S J, XU X P, et al.. Change in straw decomposition rate and soil microbial community composition after straw addition in different long-term fertilization soils [J]. Appl. Soil Ecol., 2019, 138:123-123.
30	柴晓虹,姚拓,李录山,等.12株植物根际促生菌促生功能稳定性评价及鉴定[J].草原与草坪,2020,40(5):68-75.
	CHAI X H, YAO T, LI L S, et al.. Stability evaluation of growth promoting function and identification of 12 PGPR strains [J]. Grassl. Turf, 2020, 40(5):68-75.
31	KANAE O S, WHITELAW-WECKERT M, KADAM T A, et al.. Phosphate solubilization by stress-tolerant soil fungus talaromyces funiculosus SLS8 isolated from the neem rhizosphere [J]. Ann. Microbiol., 2015, 65(1):85-93.
32	赵雅姣,刘晓静,吴勇,等.西北半干旱区紫花苜蓿-小黑麦间作对根际土壤养分和细菌群落的影响[J].应用生态学报,2020,31(5):1645-1652.
	ZHAO Y J, LIU X J, WU Y, et al.. Effects of medicago sativa-triticale wittmack intercropping system on rhizosphere soil nutrients and bacterial community in semi-arid region of Northwest China [J]. Chin. J. Appl. Ecol., 2020, 31(5):1645-1652.
33	蓝贤瑾,刘益仁,侯红乾,等.长期有机无机肥配施对红壤性水稻土微生物生物量和有机质结构的影响[J].农业资源与环境学报,2021,38(5):810-819.
	LAN X J, LIU Y R, HOU H Q, et al.. Effect of long-term organic manure application combined with chemical fertilizers on soil microbial biomass and organic matter structure in red paddy [J]. J. Agric. Resour. Environ., 2021, 38(5):810-819.

[1]	Wen HU, Pengpeng ZHANG, Liping ZHUANG, Pengli WANG, Yangjun ZOU. Effects of Clover Mulch on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Leaf Physiological Characteristics in Dryland Apple Orchards [J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(9): 193-203.
[2]	Shibei TAN, Dietram Samson MKAPA, Shenglin LI, Jingen XI, Weihuai WU, Helong CHEN, Xing HUANG, Yanqiong LIANG, Kexian YI, Jinlong ZHENG. Effects of Adding Microbial Inoculants and Lime on Fermentation and Nutrient Content of Sisal Waste [J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(9): 204-214.
[3]	Hang CAO, Xinbing YANG, Yanlin LIU, Na HUO, Xiaokuan LIU, Xinyue LI. Physicochemical Properties and Enzyme Activities of Reconstituted Soils from Limestone Mines [J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(8): 168-178.
[4]	Wei KOU, Jiayue LIU, Kexin HU, Yiyao GAO, Shiqi XU, Yanzhen HE, Xudong WANG. Effect of Organic Fertilizer with Rhamnolipid and Choline Chloride on Properties of Saline Soils and Salt Tolerance of Tomato [J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(8): 202-214.
[5]	Can WANG, Qiang CUI, Qianru SHI, Hao TANG, Xinjie NING, Jingjing ZHANG, Suqin YANG, Biao ZHANG. Deactivation of 3 Amendments and Their Effects on Microbial Coummunity in Different Contaminated Soils [J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(8): 215-226.
[6]	Ran ZHANG, Yong GAO, Yumei LIANG, Xiaohong DANG, Miaomiao GAO, Hongyi LIU, Xueqin GAO. Effects of Two Aerial Plants on Soil Particle Composition and Organic Matter in Crust Soil [J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(7): 172-181.
[7]	Qi ZHOU, Qiang LIU, Jing ZHANG, Chaochao DENG, Zhenlong WANG, Yang LIU, Fang WU, Hao CHANG, Yanfang ZHOU, Cuicui SU, Zhiguo SHI, Zhengrui GAO, Fengjie MA. Effects of Organic Fertilizer Replacing Chemical Fertilizer on Yield and Soil Biological Characteristics of Pumpkin [J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(7): 190-203.
[8]	Xiyu ZHANG, Xing SHEN, Wei LI, Wenge XIE, Jie LI, Changhao YANG, Zhongping CHAI. Influence of Reduced Nitrogen Fertilizer Combined with Organic Fertilizer on Soil Bacterial Community Structure in Korla Pear Orchards [J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(7): 217-228.
[9]	Xiaoyu QI, Yanjie GUO, Lu LIU, Zitao ZHANG, Lijuan ZHANG, Yanzhi JI. Effects of Planting Years on Soil Salinization and Microbial Community in Facility Vineyards [J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(6): 218-228.
[10]	Huilai WANG, Shuai LI, Yin WANG, Dongtao WU, Jiawei MA, Zhengqian YE, Yongqing CHI, Mei WANG. Effect of Long-term Fertilization on Diversity of Bacterial Community and Distribution of ARGs in Grape Soil [J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(6): 229-239.
[11]	Jianglin LAN, Rongfeng XIAO, Jieping WANG, Haifeng ZHANG, Bo LIU. Effects of Integrated Microbiome Agent on Tomato Plant Growth and Rhizosphere Bacterial Community Diversity [J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(5): 173-181.
[12]	Huiyan QIAO, Yali SHI, Haojian HAN. Research Progress of Cellulase Derived from Microorganisms [J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(5): 21-38.
[13]	Ergang WANG, Pengyuan LYU, Yi ZHOU, Yu ZHAN, Guixiang HE, Lixiang WANG, Xinyue MIAO, Changbao CHEN, Qiong LI. Effects of Biocontrol Bacteria on Soil Properties and Bacterial Community Structure of Ginseng Continuous Cropping [J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(4): 140-148.
[14]	Xiaodan WU, Li GAO, Tiangeng GONG, Xiangfeng KONG, Yuzhou JIANG, Guixia JIA. Effects of Microbial Fertilizer and Humic Acid Compound Fertilizer on Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Lilium [J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(4): 221-229.
[15]	Jing XU, Han LI, Pinglu CHEN, Jiangni LUO, Chenglu TANG, Muhua LIU. Calibration and Validation of Discrete Element Model for Camelliaoleifera Seed Meal [J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(3): 112-121.