Abstract:

In order to control the fresh-keeping period of postharvest of fruit，the different dosages of silicon fertilizer were used to the root zone of the 9-year-old which a dragon trunk-like shape ‘Muscat Hamburg’ grapevine at the cluster period， and the volatile organic compounds and conventional quality indicators of the fruit were determined by gas chromatography-ion mobility spectroscopy （GC-IMS） and other methods at the ripening stage of fruits. The results showed that the values of conventional quality indicators （such as soluble solids， total acid， Vc and total sugars） of ‘Muscat Hamburg’ grapes of fruits using different dosages （250， 500， 800 g·plant^-1） made a difference，and contents were as follows： 16.47%，17.97%，16.87%；0.325%，0.225%，0.300%；12.703，18.870，19.487 mg·100g^-1；23.82%，22.59%，30.18%. When the dosage was 800 g·plant^-1， the soluble solids and total acid had no change compared with CK（P>0.05）， but the Vc and total sugars were increased greatly（P<0.05）. The analysis of the Voc’s for fruit by using different dosages showed that the peak volume of some lipids was positively correlated with the increase dosage of silicon fertilizer， reached a peak at dosage of 800 g·plant^-1. The peak volumes of ethyl acetate and ethyl propionate were increased respectively compared with CK 70.89%， 368.49%. This paper’s aim was that laid a theoretical basis for further exploring the influence of these substances on postharvest fresh-keeping.

Key words: ‘Muscat Hamburg’ grape（Vitis vinifera L.）, silicon fertilizer used to root zone, gas chromatography-ion mobility spectroscopy（GC-IMS）, volatile organic compounds of fruit

摘要：

为调控果实采后的保鲜品质，在采前对9年生倾斜独龙干型展穗期的‘玫瑰香’树体在根区施用了不同剂量的硅肥，并在果实成熟期采用离子迁移谱（gas chromatography-ion mobility spectroscopy，GC-IMS）等方法测定了果实的挥发性组分及常规品质指标。结果表明，不同硅肥施用量（250、500、800 g·株^-1）下‘玫瑰香’果实的几种常规品质指标（总糖、总酸、维生素C、可溶性固形物）含量分别为16.47%、17.97%、16.87%；0.325%、0.225%、0.300%；12.703、18.870、19.487 mg·100g^-1；23.82%、22.59%、30.18%。硅肥施用量为800 g·株^-1时，总糖与总酸相较CK无显著变化（P>0.05），但维生素C和可溶性固形物大幅增加（P<0.05）。对果实挥发性物质分析发现，一些脂类物质的峰体积与硅肥施用量增加呈正相关，在800 g·株^-1时达到峰值，乙酸乙酯与丙酸乙酯的峰体积相较于CK变幅分别为70.89%、368.49%。表明增施硅肥达到一定剂量时对定向改变‘玫瑰香’果实品质有促进作用，为进一步探究这些物质对采后保鲜的影响奠定了理论依据。

关键词: ‘玫瑰香’葡萄, 根施硅肥, 离子迁移谱技术, 果实挥发性物质