Abstract: In order to clarify the effect of soil water conservation, soil improvement and yield increase of maize farmland under the measures of full plastic film mulching and furrow planting and straw returning, in the dry farming area of Inner Mongolia Loess Plateau, this experiment compared and analyzed the changes of soil moisture and enzyme activity and the characteristics of maize yield formation under four different cultivation methods: full film mulching ridge and furrow sowing combined with straw returning(S+M), straw returning to field(S), full film mulching ridge and furrow sowing(M), straw not returning to field and no mulching(CK). The results showed that: plastic film mulching with ridge and furrow planting and straw returning could increase the soil water content of 0—100 cm soil layer at each growth stage of maize, especially the soil water content of 0—20 cm soil layer was the most significant, and the lifting effect of planting with full plastic film mulching and furrow planting was better than that of straw returning to the field, and the soil water content was the maximum after the coupling of the two. Furrow sowing and straw returning could significantly increase the activities of soil catalase, urease, sucrase and alkaline phosphatase, and with the passage of maize growth period, the soil enzyme activity increased at first and then decreased, and reached the peak at the big trumpet stage. At the same time, ridge film furrow sowing and straw returning could improve the dry matter quality and yield of maize, The order from high to low was S+M>M>S>CK, compared with CK, the yield of maize treated with S, M and S+M increased by 11.84%, 37.83% and 45.13%, respectively. Plastic film mulching with ridge and furrow sowing combined with straw returning was obviously better than other treatments, and it will be used as a cultivation model of water saving, increasing yield and increasing yield of maize in the dry farming area of Loess Plateau of Inner Mongolia.

Key words: ridge film and furrow sowing, straw returning, soil moisture, soil enzyme activity, maize, yield

摘要： 为明确全覆膜垄膜沟播种植和秸秆还田措施下玉米农田土壤保水改土效果及增产效应，在内蒙古黄土高原旱作区对比分析了全覆膜垄膜沟播结合秸秆还田（S+M）、秸秆还田（S）、全覆膜垄膜沟播（M）、秸秆不还田不覆膜（CK）4种不同耕作方式下土壤水分、酶活性变化规律及玉米产量形成特性。结果表明：全覆膜垄膜沟播种植和秸秆还田均能提高玉米各生育阶段0—100 cm土层土壤含水量，尤以0—20 cm土层土壤含水量差异最为显著，且全覆膜垄膜沟播种植提升效果优于秸秆还田，两者耦合后土壤含水量表现为最大；垄膜沟播和秸秆还田均可显著提高土壤过氧化氢酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶和碱性磷酸酶活性，且随玉米生育期推移，土壤酶活性呈先增加后降低趋势，在大喇叭口期达到峰值；同时，垄膜沟播和秸秆还田均能提高玉米干物质量和产量，由高到低次序为S+M＞M＞S＞CK，与CK相比，S、M、S+M处理玉米产量分别提高11.84%、37.83%、45.13%，全覆膜垄膜沟播结合秸秆还田明显优于其他处理，可作为内蒙古黄土高原旱作区玉米节水增效增产栽培模式。

关键词: 垄膜沟播, 秸秆还田, 土壤水分, 土壤酶活性, 玉米, 产量