Abstract: The efficiency of plant response to biotic and abiotic stresses directly affects the growth and development of plants. Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of proteins play important roles in plant environment stress response. In the process of eukaryotic protein translation initiation, protein kinase GCN2 could phosphorylate eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF2α and down-regulate the protein synthesis to response to different stresses. In plants, GCN2 is phosphorylated by eIF2α to inhibit the synthesis of proteins, thereby activating the plant autoimmune defense to respond to various stresses. This paper reviewed the progress of GCN2 from the structure, new function, and the regulation mechanism in plants, in order to provide reference for revealing plant GCN2-mediated stress response mechanism.

Key words: plant, GCN2, regulation, structure, function

摘要： 植物对于生物和非生物胁迫的应答效率直接影响植物的生长发育。蛋白的磷酸化和去磷酸化修饰在植物环境胁迫应答中起到了重要作用。在真核生物蛋白翻译起始过程中，蛋白激酶GCN2能通过磷酸化真核翻译起始因子eIF2α来调控蛋白的翻译，进而对逆境胁迫进行应答。在植物中，GCN2通过磷酸化eIF2α抑制蛋白的合成，从而激活植物自身免疫防御以应答各种胁迫。从GCN2的结构、调控及其在植物中的新功能等方面综述了植物GCN2的研究进展，以期为揭示植物GCN2介导的胁迫应答机理提供参考。

关键词: 植物, GCN2, 调控, 结构, 功能