Abstract:

Eco-compensation environmental friendly agriculture (EEFA) is an agricultural production mode, which gives consideration to both production and environmental protection. Additionally, environmental friendly agriculture possesses typical positive externalities. In developed countries, implementing eco-compensation measures to stimulate farmers to adopt environmental friendly agricultural production mode has been a practical and effective policy tool for promoting sustainable agriculture development. This paper systematically presented the practice and its effects of EEFA at home and abroad. Domestic eco-compensation practices were introduced, such as conservation tillage, soil testing and formulated fertilization, soil organic matter advancement, eco-agriculture and eco-labeling, etc. The paper also pointed out that, the main factors that restrict a more positive role of EEFA in China include compensation amount, compensation duration, and compensation modes. By learning experience from the developed countries, the paper put forward policy suggestions, such as establishing technology list for environmental friendly agriculture. All these are of important significance for speeding up the progress of EEFA in China.

Key words: environmental friendly agriculture, eco-compensation, practice, effect

摘要：

环境友好型农业是兼顾生产和环境保护的农业生产方式，具有典型的正外部性。发达国家通过生态补偿措施来激励农民采取环境友好型农业生产方式，政策措施实用且有效，推动了可持续农业的快速发展。系统综述了国内外开展环境友好型农业生态补偿的实践及其效果，并基于我国在保护性耕作、测土配方施肥、土壤有机质提升、生态农业和生态标记等方面的生态补偿实践，指出了制约我国环境友好型农业生态补偿发挥更积极作用的主要因素是补偿金额、补偿期限和补偿方式。同时，通过借鉴国外发达国家的经验，提出了建立环境友好型农业技术清单等政策建议，对于加快我国环境友好型农业生态补偿进程具有重要的意义。

关键词: 环境友好型农业, 生态补偿, 实践, 效果