不同施肥措施对饲用燕麦土壤细菌群落多样性的影响

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0512

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探讨不同施肥处理下燕麦根际土壤细菌群落多样性的差异，设置不施肥（CK）、仅施用商用化肥（T2）和商用化肥与有机肥分别按照9∶1（T3）、8∶2（T4）、7∶3（T5）、6∶4（T6）和5∶5（T7）的比例配施共7个处理，研究不同处理对土壤养分状况和细菌群落多样性的影响。结果表明，与CK相比，无机-有机肥料配施时，土壤有效钾和有效磷含量明显提高，可溶解性盐含量显著降低，其中T4处理的燕麦生物量最高。在门水平上，7个处理的土壤细菌样品共获得28个类群，使用线性判别分析效应大小对各处理进行比较，发现T4、T5处理中的优势菌群更有利于土壤正向演替和植物生长。不同环境因素变化对不同微生物菌群的影响不同，冗余分析（redundancy analysis，RDA）表明土壤全氮、有效磷、有机碳和有机钾含量对细菌群落有显著影响。综合分析表明，T4处理的土壤化学特性和优势菌群更有利于土壤和植物可持续生产。

关键词: 无机-有机肥料配施, 饲用燕麦, 土壤, 细菌群落

Abstract:

In order to investigate the diversity of bacterial community in oat rhizosphere soil under different fertilization treatments， 7 treatments were set including no fertilization （CK）， commercial fertilizer only （T2） and commercial fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer according to ratios of 9∶1 （T3）， 8∶2 （T4）， 7∶3 （T5）， 6∶4 （T6） and 5∶5 （T7）. The contents of soil nutrient and the diversity of bacterial community were analyzed. The results showed that， compared with CK， the treatments of commercial fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer increased significantly the contents of available potassium and available phosphorus， and decreased significantly the content of soluble salt. Among 7 treatments， the biomass of oat in T4 treatment was highest. At the phylum level， a total of 28 taxas were obtained from samples of 7 treatments. Compared the bacterial communities among treatments， linear discriminant analysis effect size （LEfSe） found that the dominant bacterial communities of T4 and T5 treatments were more conducive to soil forward succession and plant growth. The results of redundancy analysis （RDA） showed that the contents of total nitrogen， available phosphorus， organic carbon and organic potassium had more significant effects on the bacterial community. Comprehensive analysis showed that T4 treatment was more conducive to the sustainable production of soil and plants.

Key words: combined application of inorganic and organic fertilizers, fed oats, soil, bacterial community

中图分类号:

S512.6

靳建刚, 田再芳, 郑敏娜, 康佳惠. 不同施肥措施对饲用燕麦土壤细菌群落多样性的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(3): 152-160.

Jiangang JIN, Zaifang TIAN, Minna ZHENG, Jiahui KANG. Effect of Different Fertilization Measures on the Diversity of Soil Bacteria Communities in Fed oats （Avena sativa L.）[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2023, 25(3): 152-160.

图/表 8

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处理 Treatment	全氮 TN/%	速效氮 AN/（mg·kg^-1）	速效钾 AK/（mg·kg^-1）	速效磷 AP/（mg·kg^-1）	有机碳SOC/（g·kg^-1）	可溶解性盐SS/（g·kg^-1）	株高 PH/cm	干草产量 Y/（kg·hm^-2）
CK	3.10±0.22 a	182.46±9.24 a	189.36±21.02 c	8.49±0.69 b	32.18±0.12 a	3.83±0.06 a	89.36±4.35 c	6 888.75±709.48 c
T2	3.25±0.21 a	185.62±10.76 a	219.34±45.36 bc	9.88±0.25 b	30.25±3.26 a	2.63±0.05 b	92.68±3.97 bc	7 684.70±606.58 b
T3	3.51±0.09 a	177.67±2.13 a	205.34±25.31 bc	9.34±1.36 b	29.18±2.64 a	2.40±0.03 b	97.21±2.96 b	7 729.66±883.55 b
T4	3.52±0.28 a	194.32±14.32 a	263.14±56.34 b	11.09±0.96 a	32.09±4.39 a	1.62±0.35 c	107.32±5.34 a	9 245.55±992.84 a
T5	3.47±0.16 a	187.26±3.69 a	259.12±16.98 b	10.23±0.98 ab	32.34±1.28 a	1.61±0.12 c	101.25±6.78 ab	8 976.04±712.23 ab
T6	3.56±0.26 a	179.32±6.90 a	229.41±15.24 bc	9.21±1.24 b	29.32±2.22 a	1.54±0.01 c	98.36±4.31 b	8 706.09±785.26 ab
T7	3.40±0.17 a	170.36±5.98 a	298.99±30.67 a	9.82±0.06 b	30.11±4.35 a	1.53±0.03 c	98.45±2.57 b	8 178.99±861.23 b

处理 Treatment	全氮 TN/%	速效氮 AN/（mg·kg^-1）	速效钾 AK/（mg·kg^-1）	速效磷 AP/（mg·kg^-1）	有机碳SOC/（g·kg^-1）	可溶解性盐SS/（g·kg^-1）	株高 PH/cm	干草产量 Y/（kg·hm^-2）
CK	3.10±0.22 a	182.46±9.24 a	189.36±21.02 c	8.49±0.69 b	32.18±0.12 a	3.83±0.06 a	89.36±4.35 c	6 888.75±709.48 c
T2	3.25±0.21 a	185.62±10.76 a	219.34±45.36 bc	9.88±0.25 b	30.25±3.26 a	2.63±0.05 b	92.68±3.97 bc	7 684.70±606.58 b
T3	3.51±0.09 a	177.67±2.13 a	205.34±25.31 bc	9.34±1.36 b	29.18±2.64 a	2.40±0.03 b	97.21±2.96 b	7 729.66±883.55 b
T4	3.52±0.28 a	194.32±14.32 a	263.14±56.34 b	11.09±0.96 a	32.09±4.39 a	1.62±0.35 c	107.32±5.34 a	9 245.55±992.84 a
T5	3.47±0.16 a	187.26±3.69 a	259.12±16.98 b	10.23±0.98 ab	32.34±1.28 a	1.61±0.12 c	101.25±6.78 ab	8 976.04±712.23 ab
T6	3.56±0.26 a	179.32±6.90 a	229.41±15.24 bc	9.21±1.24 b	29.32±2.22 a	1.54±0.01 c	98.36±4.31 b	8 706.09±785.26 ab
T7	3.40±0.17 a	170.36±5.98 a	298.99±30.67 a	9.82±0.06 b	30.11±4.35 a	1.53±0.03 c	98.45±2.57 b	8 178.99±861.23 b

处理 Treatment	序列数 Raw read	OTU数量Number of OTUs	覆盖度 Good’s coverage	Ace指数 Ace index	Shannon指数 Shannon index	Chao1指数 Chao l index
CK	777 095	1 533±35.23 b	0.999 0±0.00 a	820.16±36.21 c	8.21±1.23 bcd	858.71±12.31 d
T2	77 453	1 748±38.96 a	0.999 2±0.00 a	996.07±38.22 c	7.86±1.11 cd	1 052.72±14.33 cd
T3	68 494	1 375±29.64 c	0.999 8±0.01 a	953.15±37.26 c	8.26±1.20 bcd	1 022.57±13.98 cd
T4	77 349	1 680±37.12 a	0.999 4±0.01 a	1 457.67±41.23 a	8.36±1.19 bc	1 485.35±15.94 a
T5	77 839	1 352±28.11 c	0.996 5±0.00 a	1 241.51±40.62 b	7.76±1.05 d	1 252.65±14.35 bc
T6	77 219	1 388±28.31 c	0.999 0±0.00 a	1 497.45±42.54 a	8.93±1.15 a	1 531.94±16.01 a
T7	78 013	1 213±26.86 c	0.999 7±0.00 a	1 360.74±41.78 ab	8.64±1.12 ab	1 431.60±15.87 ab

处理 Treatment	序列数 Raw read	OTU数量Number of OTUs	覆盖度 Good’s coverage	Ace指数 Ace index	Shannon指数 Shannon index	Chao1指数 Chao l index
CK	777 095	1 533±35.23 b	0.999 0±0.00 a	820.16±36.21 c	8.21±1.23 bcd	858.71±12.31 d
T2	77 453	1 748±38.96 a	0.999 2±0.00 a	996.07±38.22 c	7.86±1.11 cd	1 052.72±14.33 cd
T3	68 494	1 375±29.64 c	0.999 8±0.01 a	953.15±37.26 c	8.26±1.20 bcd	1 022.57±13.98 cd
T4	77 349	1 680±37.12 a	0.999 4±0.01 a	1 457.67±41.23 a	8.36±1.19 bc	1 485.35±15.94 a
T5	77 839	1 352±28.11 c	0.996 5±0.00 a	1 241.51±40.62 b	7.76±1.05 d	1 252.65±14.35 bc
T6	77 219	1 388±28.31 c	0.999 0±0.00 a	1 497.45±42.54 a	8.93±1.15 a	1 531.94±16.01 a
T7	78 013	1 213±26.86 c	0.999 7±0.00 a	1 360.74±41.78 ab	8.64±1.12 ab	1 431.60±15.87 ab

环境因子 Environmental factor	相关系数 Correlation coefficient	P值P value
全氮TN	0.213 4	0.004
速效氮AN	0.413 6	0.004
速效钾AK	0.483 2	0.050
速效磷AP	0.589 6	0.001
有机碳SOC	0.493 1	0.003
可溶解性盐SS	0.096 7	0.050