关键词: 水稻, 品种, 磷, 产量, 经济效益

Abstract: Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of P (phosphorus) fertilizer application dosage on grain yield, P use efficiency and economic benefits of different rice varieties, so as to provide theoretical basis for rational application of P fertilizer in rice. The results showed that application of P fertilizer could significantly increase the yield of different rice varieties. The yield was increased by 360~1 326 kg/hm2, and increasing rate was 5.9%~20.7%, compared with the treatment without applying P fertilizer. There were differences in response to P fertilizer by different rice varieties. The yield of Huanghuazhan in different P (P0, P37.5, P75, P112.5) application dosages  was the lowest, and compared with Huanghuazhan, yield increasing rates of the varieties with the highest yield were 42.1%, 48.3%, 48.5% and 56.2%, respectively. There was remarkable quadratic correlation and linear plus platform relationship between P application dosage and grain yields of 6 rice varieties. The theoretical maximum yield was 5 858~9 028 kg/hm2, and recommended phosphorus applying dosage was 30~99 kg/hm2. The yield and economic benefits of Luoyou 8 were higher than that of the other varieties, which were 9 023 kg/hm2 and 16 095 yuan/hm2, respectively. When P fertilizer application dosage was 75 kg/hm2, the P use efficiency of Luoyou 8 was the highest, increased by 20.0% comparing Neixiang 2128 with the lowest P fertilizer use efficiency. It could be seen that there were differences in response to P fertilizer among different rice varieties. Under same conditions, the varieties with high yield and high P utilization efficiency should be used preferentially, and rational P fertilizer application should be applied according to the responses of different varieties.

Key words: rice, variety, phosphorus, yield, economic benefit