关键词: 垄膜沟播, 秸秆还田, 土壤水分, 土壤酶活性, 玉米, 产量

Abstract: In order to clarify the effect of soil water conservation, soil improvement and yield increase of maize farmland under the measures of full plastic film mulching and furrow planting and straw returning, in the dry farming area of Inner Mongolia Loess Plateau, this experiment compared and analyzed the changes of soil moisture and enzyme activity and the characteristics of maize yield formation under four different cultivation methods: full film mulching ridge and furrow sowing combined with straw returning(S+M), straw returning to field(S), full film mulching ridge and furrow sowing(M), straw not returning to field and no mulching(CK). The results showed that: plastic film mulching with ridge and furrow planting and straw returning could increase the soil water content of 0—100 cm soil layer at each growth stage of maize, especially the soil water content of 0—20 cm soil layer was the most significant, and the lifting effect of planting with full plastic film mulching and furrow planting was better than that of straw returning to the field, and the soil water content was the maximum after the coupling of the two. Furrow sowing and straw returning could significantly increase the activities of soil catalase, urease, sucrase and alkaline phosphatase, and with the passage of maize growth period, the soil enzyme activity increased at first and then decreased, and reached the peak at the big trumpet stage. At the same time, ridge film furrow sowing and straw returning could improve the dry matter quality and yield of maize, The order from high to low was S+M>M>S>CK, compared with CK, the yield of maize treated with S, M and S+M increased by 11.84%, 37.83% and 45.13%, respectively. Plastic film mulching with ridge and furrow sowing combined with straw returning was obviously better than other treatments, and it will be used as a cultivation model of water saving, increasing yield and increasing yield of maize in the dry farming area of Loess Plateau of Inner Mongolia.

Key words: ridge film and furrow sowing, straw returning, soil moisture, soil enzyme activity, maize, yield