关键词: 秸秆, 生物炭, 基质, 波斯菊, 发芽率, 生物量, 生理

Abstract: In order to study the effect of straw biochar compound substrate on the growth of Cosmos bipinnatus, peat, vermiculite, pearlite and soil with the proportion of 4∶1∶1∶4 (volume ratio) were set as a control, and straw biochars of soybean, wheat, rice, corn and aged corn were chosen as test materials and replaced the peat in control group according to different proportion until the peat was completely replaced for determining the best type and dosage of straw biochar in Cosmos bipinnatus cultivation. The results showed that, compared to control group, straw biochar substrates promoted the growth of the Cosmos bipinnatus. According to the straw biochar types and dosages, straw biochar substrates significantly affected germination rate, biomass, malondialdehyde content, catalase activity, chloroplast pigment concentration and root activity. When rice straw biochar compound substrate (biochar 20%, peat 20%, perlite 10%, vermiculite 10%, soil 40%) was used to cultivate the Cosmos bipinnatus, the germination rate was the highest, and the biomass, catalase activity and root activity were significantly increased compared with the control group. Chloroplast pigment concentration and malondialdehyde content were not significantly different from the control group.

Key words: straw, biochar, substrate, Cosmos bipinnatus, germination rate, biomass, physiology