关键词: 基因型, 环境, 玉米病害, 产量, 品质

Abstract: The formation of disease, yield and quality of maize needs the combination of genetic characteristics and environmental factors. In this study, the effects of genotypes, environment and their interaction on seed yield, disease resistance and quality of maize were investigated using 19 maize varieties. The results showed that seed yield, disease resistance and quality were the synergistic results of both heredity properties and environment factors. The stability of maize quality was not only controlled by genotypes, but also influenced by the interaction between genotype and environment. Genotype was the internal factor which determined differences among varieties in different ecotypes for seed yield, disease resistance and maize quality. The main external factors interacting with genotype were corn growth parameters such as planting time (sowing date and growth stage, etc.) × area characteristics (resources and stress, etc.). Among the external factors, the greatest influence on disease, yield and quality of maize in different ecological zones was annual climate variability. While, the temperature, rainfall, and humidity were meteorological conditions positively correlated with disease (bending spore leaf spot and southern rust). The positive correlation of yield with light had the highest coefficient (0.21). Crude starch was positively correlated with average temperature, and crude fat was positively correlated with light. With decreasing latitude in different ecological zones, rainfall tended to increase after the silking stage, aggravating the disease, and reducing yield.

Key words: genotype, environment, maize disease, yield, quality