Abstract:

In order to study the effects of different nitrogen application levels on growth and development of miniatured potted rose， ‘Juicy Terrazza’ ‘Cinderella’ ‘Rosa Terrazza Pisce’ and ‘Apollo Jewel’ 4 miniature potted roses varieties were as experimental materials， and 4 nitrogen application rates of 0 （N1）， 70 （N2）， 140 （N3） and 210 mg·L^-1 （N4） were set. 11 traits including measuring vegetative， reproductive growth， and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were analyzed by the methods of principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis. The critical nitrogen content in leaves at each growth and development stage was determined， and the critical nitrogen content dilution curve of miniatured potted rose was constructed. The results showed that the 11 traits varied in different degrees among different nitrogen application treatments. There were some correlations among traits， thus， a single trait could not objectively and comprehensively evaluate the effect of nitrogen application levels on the growth and development of miniature potted roses. Principal component analysis was used to the principal components， and the cumulative contribution rates of which in all cultivars were more than 93.500%. Hierarchical cluster analysis showed that the 4 nitrogen treatments of ‘Juicy Terrazza’ were divided into 2 groups， and the other varieties were divided into 3 groups. Based on the comprehensive evaluation score of principal component analysis and cluster analysis results， considering the principle of reducing fertilizer and increasing benefits， the optimal nitrogen content in ‘Juicy Terrazza’ ‘Cinderella’ and ‘Rosa Terrazza Pisce’ was 140 mg·L^-1 each time， but that in ‘Apollo Jewel’ was 210 mg·L^-1. According to the comprehensive analysis， the N1 and N2 treatments were divided into nitrogen-limited treatment， and the N3 and N4 treatments were divided into non-nitrogen-limited treatment， and based on leaf area index the leaf nitrogen content dilution curves were constructed. Above results provided a reference for precision nitrogen application.

Key words: miniature potted rose, nitrogen supply level, principal component analysis, cluster analysis, comprehensive assessment

摘要：

为研究不同氮素供应水平对微型盆栽月季生长发育的影响，以‘Juicy Terrazza’ ‘Cinderella’ ‘Rosa Terrazza Pisce’和‘Apollo Jewel’4个微型盆栽月季品种为试验材料，设置0（N1）、70（N2）、140（N3）、210 mg·L^-1（N4）4个施氮量处理，利用主成分分析法和系统聚类分析法对营养生长指标、生殖生长指标及叶绿素荧光参数等11个性状进行综合分析，并确定各生长发育时期的叶片临界氮水平，构建微型盆栽月季叶片临界氮水平稀释曲线。结果表明，不同施氮处理间的11个性状存在不同程度的变异，且性状间存在一定相关性，单一性状无法客观全面地评价施氮量对微型盆栽月季品质的影响。主成分分析结果表明，各品种提取出的主成分累积贡献率均达93.500%以上。系统聚类分析法表明，‘Juicy Terrazza’的4个氮处理划分为2组，其他品种均划分为3组。综合主成分分析的综合评价得分和聚类分析结果，结合减肥增效原则，‘Juicy Terrazza’‘Cinderella’和‘Rosa Terrazza Pisce’3个品种每次施氮的最佳水平为140 mg·L^-1，‘Apollo Jewel’每次施氮的最佳水平为210 mg·L^-1。根据综合分析，将N1和N2处理划分为限氮处理，N3和N4处理划分为非限氮处理，构建了基于叶面积指数的叶片氮水平稀释曲线。以上研究结果可为微型盆栽月季的精准施氮提供参考。

关键词: 微型盆栽月季, 供氮水平, 主成分分析, 聚类分析, 综合评价