Abstract: Nitrogen is the necessary element for wheat growth. It is important to identify genes involved in the control of regulatory network of low-nitrogen stress in wheat through transcription analysis, which has great significance for revealing the mechanism of low nitrogen tolerance and promoting wheat breeding. In this study, Illumina HiseqTM 2500 high-throughput sequencing technology was used to sequence the transcriptome of leaves from Jinmai 47 under normal and low nitrogen conditions. Differentially expressed genes (DEG) were screened and low nitrogen response related genes were analyzed by using the GO and KEGG database for annotation in wheat. The results showed that 52 383 726 and 52 192 061 sequences were obtained from the control and the treatment group, respectively. 1 267 DEG were identified, in which 179 were up-regulated and 1 088 were down-regulated. The GO analysis of DEG showed that 44 functional groups of three categories were identified. According to KEGG metabolic pathway, these genes were assigned to 178 signaling pathways, in which amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, signal transduction and immune system were mostly enriched. Transcription factor analysis showed that the family of WRKY, MYB and NAC displayed the most significant changes in gene expression under low nitrogen conditions.

Key words: low nitrogen stress, wheat, leaf, transcriptome analyses

摘要： 氮素是小麦生长发育过程中重要的营养元素，利用转录组技术鉴定参与小麦低氮胁迫分子调控网络的基因，对揭示小麦耐低氮分子机理、开展耐低氮育种具有重要参考意义。采用Illumina HiseqTM 2500高通量测序技术，对小麦品种晋麦47正常生长和低氮胁迫下的叶片进行转录组测序，筛选差异表达基因并在GO、KEGG 数据库中进行比对注释，分析小麦低氮胁迫响应相关基因。结果显示，对照组与低氮组分别获得高质量序列52 383 726和52 192 061条，检测到差异表达基因1 267个，其中上调表达基因179个，下调表达基因1 088个。差异基因GO功能注释到3个大类的44个功能组。差异表达基因被注释到178个途径上，主要富集于氨基酸代谢、碳水化合物代谢、脂类代谢和信号传导等途径。转录因子分析发现，在低氮条件下变化明显的转录因子家族包括WRKY、MYB和NAC等。

关键词: 低氮胁迫, 小麦, 叶片, 转录组分析