Abstract:

According to the national data from 1998 to 2002 including farm crops, cash crops and non-cash crops, the types of the planting structure were defined, in which the types named increasing, increasing-lower decreasing, increasing-higher decreasing, decreasing for sown areas, the types named double increasing, single increasing, double decreasing for production and yield. The cash crops production has been developed because of the adjustment of agriculture structure. According to authors＇ analysis, the sown areas of cash crops in 24 provinces and the yields of cash crops in 25 provinces increased, the proportion of the cash crops sown areas increased by 1.4% from 1998 to 2002.The sown area and total output of cotton had a great fluctuation, the unit yield increased stably. The sown area, total output of oil crops increased. The sown area and total output of sugar decreased in the first three yearsand increased in the recent two years, the unit yield increased stably. The sown area of sugar has begun to concentrate in Guangxi, Yunnan. The sown area and yield of fiber crop increased, and the sown area has begun to concentrate in Heilongjiang, Xinjiang and Hunan. The total output and sown area of tobacco increased a little and regions moved to Yunnan, Guizhou and Henan. The sown area and total output of medicinal materials crops developed fast in all provinces of China. Through the agriculture structure adjustment, sown areas of cotton, sugar and tobacco in the cash crops have been decreased by 
3%, 1.5% and 0.7%. The sown areas of oil crops, fiber crops and medicinal materials increased 2.5%, 0.4% and 2.4%.

Key words: cash crops, planting structure, change

摘要：

根据1998-2002年全国资料统计，按农作物、经济作物和非经济作物播种面积等3个系列将我国各省市区种植结构变化分为三增、一增二减弱减、一增二减强减和三减等4个类型。根据产量，将各省市区分为总产单产双增、单增和双减3个类型。农业结构战略性调整促进了我国经济作物生产的发展，24个省市区经济作物播种面积扩大，25个省市区经济作物产量得到提高，经济作物播种面积的比重上升了1．4个百分点。经济作物中，棉花播种面积和产量波动较大，单产稳步上升；油料作物播种面积和产量稳定提高；糖料作物播种面积有一定波动，单产提高较快，种植重心向广西、云南转移；麻类飞速发展，播种面积、产量和单产都明显提高，种植布局向黑龙江、新疆、湖南集中；烟叶播种面积基本稳定，单产缓慢提高，种植区域向云南、贵州、河南等产区集中；全国所有省市区药材播种面积迅速提高。发展快速。经结构调整，棉糖烟在经济作物播种面积中的比例分别下降了3．0、1．5和0．7个百分点；油麻药在经济作物播种面积中的比例分别上升了2．5、0．4和2．4个百分点。

关键词: 经济作物 种植结构 变化