Abstract:

Wheat is now the first food crop all over the world, and its wide spread adaptation and improved quality are mainly due to the integration of D genome into tetraploid wheat. Aegilops tauschii is the donor of D genome in common wheat. Here, we introduced briefly the structure of D genome, then primarily focused on the application of wheat genome sequencing on wheat studies, such as gene discovery, germplasm diversity and haplotyping, variety improvement, comparative genomics, genome evolution and polyploidization. We also gave some suggestions for future researches on wheat genome in China.

Key words: wheat, D genome, draft sequence, application

摘要：

粗山羊草（Aegilops tauschii）是普通小麦D基因组的供体。D基因组的加入，增强了小麦的适应性，改善了小麦的品质，使其成为世界第一大粮食作物。简要介绍了D基因组的结构，重点探讨了基因组测序结果如何用于小麦的基因发掘、资源的多样性与单倍型研究、品种改良、比较基因组学以及进化与多倍体研究。最后提出了对我国小麦基因组研究的建议。

关键词: 小麦；D基因组;框架图;应用