Study on Microclimate Characteristics of Young-aged Poplar Agroforestry

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0503

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to understand the microclimate variation of the poplar agroforestry， and provide important basis for the rational selection and cultivation of understory crops，the 3-year-old poplar （Populus deltoides ‘Nanlin 3804’） plantation with the spacing of 6 m × 6 m， and the understory radish （Raphanus sativus） in Baimahu farm， Huai’an City， Jiangsu province， China were selected as the study materials in the agroforestry system. The dynamic changes of light intensity， air relative humidity， soil temperature and other indexes at different sites of the agroforestry system were investigated. The results showed that the light intensity inside the poplar plantation was about 71.0% lower than that outside the plantation； the average daytime light intensity in the plantation was about 6 500 lx in September， which was difficult to satisfy the light saturation point of the sunny plants， but it could satisfy the light saturation point of the shade plants. The daily variation of light intensity， air temperature， air relative humidity and surface temperature in the plantation changed considerably， while the daily variation of soil temperature and soil humidity at 5 cm depth was relatively small. There were insignificant differences in microclimate between different sites （0， 2， 3 and 4 m away from poplar） in the plantation， which indicated that the microclimate in the study poplar plantation had tended to be homogenized in the horizontal layer. The correlation among light intensity， air temperature， air relative humidity， and surface temperature in the plantation was relatively strong， while the correlation among soil temperature and humidity at 5 cm soil depth， and other microclimate indexes was relatively weak. It was considered that in the leafy stage of poplar， the light intensity in the plantation was weak， which was difficult to satisfy the requirements of sunny plants， but it could satisfy the requirements of shade plants. Therefore， shade-tolerant plants must be selected as understory crops； thinning and pruning were necessary for improving the light intensity in the agroforestry system. Above results provided a theoretical basis for further understanding the microclimate characteristics of agroforestry ecosystems and guiding the sustainable development of agroforestry.

Key words: poplar, agroforestry, microclimate, light intensity, air temperature

摘要：

为了解杨农复合经营系统小气候变化规律，为林下作物的合理选择与栽培提供重要依据，以江苏省淮安市白马湖农场3年生、株行距为6 m×6 m的南林3804杨（Populus deltoides ‘Nanlin 3804’）幼龄林与萝卜（Raphanus sativus）的复合经营系统为研究对象，调查林内不同位点的光照强度、空气相对湿度、土壤温度等指标的日动态变化。结果表明，杨树林内光照强度比林外下降71.0%左右；9月白天林内平均光照强度为6 500 lx，难以达到阳性植物的光饱和点，但能达到阴性植物的光饱和点。林内光照强度、气温、空气相对湿度和地表温度的日变化幅度较大，5 cm深土壤温度和土壤湿度的日变化幅度较小；林内不同位点（距离杨树树行0、2、3和4 m）之间的小气候差异不显著，表明现有的杨树林内小气候在水平位置上已趋于均质化。林内光照强度、气温、空气相对湿度和地表温度等指标之间的相关性较强，而5 cm深土壤温度和土壤湿度与其他小气候指标之间的相关性较弱。综上可知，在杨树有叶期，现有的杨树林内光照强度较弱，难以满足阳性植物要求，但可以满足阴性植物要求，所以在种植林下植物时，须选择耐阴植物；如要提高林内光照强度，需采取间伐和修枝等措施。研究结果为进一步了解林农复合生态系统的小气候特征、指导林农复合经营可持续发展提供理论依据。

关键词: 杨树, 林农复合, 小气候, 光照强度, 气温

CLC Number:

S716.3

Shuo ZHANG, Yun FANG, Zhishun LYU, Luozhong TANG. Study on Microclimate Characteristics of Young-aged Poplar Agroforestry[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(10): 223-230.

张硕, 方云, 吕治顺, 唐罗忠. 杨树幼龄林复合经营系统小气候特征研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2025, 27(10): 223-230.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig. 1 Investigation site of microclimate in plantationNote：★—Site of poplar trees； ○—Investigation site of microclimate.

Fig. 2 Light intensity in different sites of plantationNote：- indicates no significant differences between different sites at P<0.05 level.

Fig. 3 Temperature in different sites of plantationNote：- indicates no significant difference between different sites at P<0.05 level.

Fig. 4 Air relative humidity in different sites of plantationNote：- indicates no significant difference between different sites at P<0.05 level；* indicates significant difference between different sites at P<0.05 level.

Fig. 5 Ground temperature in differentsites of plantationNote：- indicates no significant difference between different sites at P<0.05 level.

Fig. 6 Soil temperature at 5 cm depth in different sites of plantationNote：- indicates no significant difference between different sites at P<0.05 level.

Fig. 7 Soil moisture at 5 cm depth in different sites of plantationNote：- indicates no significant difference between different sites at P<0.05 level.

Table 1 Linear correlation analysis of different microclimate factors

因子 Factor	光照强度 Light intensity	气温 Air temperature	空气相对湿度 Air relative humidity	地表温度 Ground temperature	5 cm深土壤温度 Soil temperature at 5 cm depth
气温 Air temperature	0.666^*
空气相对湿度 Air relative humidity	-0.869^**	-0.838^**
地表温度 Ground temperature	0.772^**	0.962^**	-0.900^**
5 cm深土壤温度 Soil temperature at 5 cm depth	0.035	0.657^*	-0.240	0.485^*
5 cm深土壤湿度 Soil moisture at 5 cm depth	-0.239	0.062	0.078	0.054	0.163

Fig. 8 Light intensity at outside plantation and inside plantationNote：* indicates significant difference between outside plantation and inside plantation at P<0.05 level.

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