Abstract: In order to conduct rational and pollution-free utilization of waste cephalosporin drug residues, this paper took the soil loaded for a long time by cephalosporin drug residues as specimen source; obtained leaching liquid from the soil; and screened out the strains with ability of cephalosporin antibiotic degradation by the 3rd generation of cephalosporin drug cefixime. Morphological observation was carried on this strain by gram staining and double staining electron microscope ultrathin section technique, and gene sequence analysis was conducted on 16S rDNA. The growth characteristics and optimum degradation conditions of the strain were studied by single factor control variable method. The results showed that: This strain was a bacillus without spore; it was confirmed as genus Achromobacter and named as Achromobacter sp.YF-1 through 16S rDNA sequence alignment; under the conditions of temperature 37℃, pH 6~7, revolving speed 120 r/min for 7 d cultivation, the degradation rate of cephalosprins could reach 92.71%; the degradation ability to cephalosprins of this strain was stable, and could be used to treat cephalosporin antibiotics residual.

Key words: cephalosporin, degrading bacteria, screening, function identification

摘要： 为合理、无污染地利用头孢菌素类废弃药渣，以长期堆放的头孢菌素类药渣土壤为样品源，从中获得浸出液，通过第三代头孢药品头孢克肟驯化、筛选出具有头孢菌素类抗生素降解能力的菌株；利用革兰氏染色法、电镜超薄切片技术双染色法对其进行形态学观察，16S rDNA进行分子生物学序列分析；采用单因素控制变量法对菌株的生长特性及最佳降解条件进行了初步探讨。结果表明：该菌为杆状细菌，无芽孢；经16S rDNA序列比对，进一步确定该菌株属于Achromobacter属，并命名为Achromobacter sp. YF-1；该降解菌在温度37℃、pH 6~7、转速120 r/min培养条件下培养7 d，头孢菌素类抗生素降解率达92.71%；该菌株对头孢菌素类抗生素的降解能力稳定，可用于处理药渣中残留的头孢菌素类抗生素。

关键词: 头孢菌素, 降解菌, 筛选, 功能鉴定