污泥基生物炭制备及其对铁尾矿土壤酶活性的影响

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0345

中国农业科技导报 ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (10): 206-213.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0345

• 生物制造资源生态 • 上一篇

污泥基生物炭制备及其对铁尾矿土壤酶活性的影响

郭竟¹^,²(), 鲁明星³^,⁴(), 周煜³^,⁴, 王勇华¹, 邢培茜¹, 张晓颉⁵

^1.唐山学院土木工程学院，河北唐山 063000
^2.唐山学院，河北省建筑工程与尾矿综合利用重点实验室，河北唐山 063000
^3.防灾科技学院应急技术与管理学院，河北三河 065201
^4.防灾科技学院，河北省资源环境灾变机理及风险监控重点实验室，河北廊坊 065201
^5.华北理工大学矿业工程学院，河北唐山 063000

收稿日期:2024-04-30 接受日期:2025-02-10 出版日期:2025-10-15 发布日期:2025-10-15
通讯作者: 鲁明星
作者简介:郭竟 E-mail：guojingx@163.com；
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(52274165);河北省资源环境灾变机理及风险监控重点实验室开放基金项目(FZ248105);廊坊科技局科学研究与发展计划项目(2022011057);唐山学院博士创新基金项目(BC2023078)

Preparation of Sludge-based Biochar and Its Effect on Soil Enzyme Activity of Iron Tailings

Jing GUO¹^,²(), Mingxing LU³^,⁴(), Yu ZHOU³^,⁴, Yonghua WANG¹, Peiqian XING¹, Xiaojie ZHANG⁵

^1.College of Civil Engineering of Tangshan College，Tangshan College，Hebei Tangshan 063000，China
^2.Hebei Key Laboratory of Building Engineering and Tailings Utilization，Tangshan College，Hebei Tangshan 063000，China
^3.School of Emergency Management，Institute of Disaster Prevention，Hebei Sanhe 065201，China
^4.Key Laboratory of Resource and Environment Disaster Mechanism and Risk Monitoring in Hebei Province，Institute of Disaster Prevention，Hebei Langfang 065201，China
^5.School of Mining and Mining Engineering，North China University of Science and Technology，Hebei Tangshan 063000，China

Received:2024-04-30 Accepted:2025-02-10 Online:2025-10-15 Published:2025-10-15
Contact: Mingxing LU

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究热解温度对生物炭特性及结构的影响，选用秸秆为添加剂、城市污泥为原料按质量比分别为0∶100、15∶85、30∶70在300和700 ℃热解制备生物炭，分析不同条件下制备的生物炭作为铁尾矿砂土土壤改性剂的作用与效果，并与铁尾矿土混合配制土壤进行黑麦草盆栽试验。结果表明，添加生物炭能够降低尾矿砂土的pH，并保持土壤pH稳定。对比不同温度下制备的生物炭，以300 ℃热解制备的生物炭对尾矿砂土pH的降幅更大，土壤更接近中性。添加生物炭后，土壤阳离子交换量及过氧化氢酶、脲酶活性均得到不同程度的提高。在高温热解条件下添加15%的秸秆制备的污泥生物炭和低温热解条件下添加30%秸秆制备的污泥生物炭显示出良好的植物生长效果。

关键词: 污泥生物炭, 铁尾矿, 酶活性

Abstract:

To investigate the effect of pyrolysis temperature on the characteristics and structure of biochar， biochar was prepared by using straw as additive and municipal sludge as raw material at 300 and 700 ℃ according to the mass ratio of 0∶100， 15∶85， 30∶70， respectively. The role and effect of biochar prepared under different conditions analyzed as a soil amendment for iron tailings sand， and the biochar was mixed with iron tailings soil for a rye grass pot experiment. The results showed that the addition of biochar could decrease pH of iron tailings sand and keep pH stable. Compared to biochar prepared at different temperatures， biochar prepared at 300 ℃ significantly reduced soil pH， the soil pH was closer to neutrality. After adding biochar， the soil cation exchange capacity， catalase activity and urease activity were all improved to varying degrees， the sludge biochar prepared with 15% straw addition under high-temperature pyrolysis condition and the sludge biochar prepared with 30% straw addition under low-temperature pyrolysis condition showed good plant growth effect.

Key words: sludge biochar, iron tailings, enzyme activity

中图分类号:

S156

郭竟, 鲁明星, 周煜, 王勇华, 邢培茜, 张晓颉. 污泥基生物炭制备及其对铁尾矿土壤酶活性的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2025, 27(10): 206-213.

Jing GUO, Mingxing LU, Yu ZHOU, Yonghua WANG, Peiqian XING, Xiaojie ZHANG. Preparation of Sludge-based Biochar and Its Effect on Soil Enzyme Activity of Iron Tailings[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(10): 206-213.

图/表 7

图 1 不同处理生物炭的产率和pH

Fig. 1 Yield and pH of biochars under different treatments

表1 不同生物炭的元素分析

Table 1 Element analysis of different biochars

生物炭Biochars	灰分 Ash	碳C	氢H	氮N	硫S
100SC300	33.4±4.80 bc	23.5±2.35 d	2.27±0.04 a	5.89±0.52 a	6.18±0.18 e
85SC300	31.2±3.21 c	27.9±2.58 c	1.76±0.12 b	5.45±0.49 b	6.27±0.48 d
70SC300	31.4±2.14 c	31.2±2.91 a	1.45±0.07 c	4.63±0.24 c	6.89±0.35 c
100SC700	45.6±3.72 a	21.2±3.25 e	0.59±0.08 e	2.57±0.12 e	7.89±0.75 a
85SC700	42.3±4.75 a	28.1±3.54 b	0.78±0.12 d	3.12±0.24 d	7.56±0.62 b
70SC700	37.8±2.89 b	30.8±4.12 a	0.55±0.05 f	2.11±0.05 f	8.12±0.09 a

图 2 污泥及不同生物炭SEM形貌A：原污泥；B：100SC300；C：85SC300；D：70SC300；E：100SC700；F：85SC700；G：70SC700

Fig. 2 SEM of sludge and biocharsA： Original sludge； B： 100SC300； C： 85SC300； D： 70SC300； E： 100SC700； F： 85SC700； G： 70SC700

图 3 100SC300和100SC700生物炭的XRD谱图

Fig. 3 XRD patterns of 100SC300 and 100SC700 biochars

图 4 100SC300和100SC700生物炭的FTIR谱图

Fig. 4 FTIR spectra of 100SC300 and 100SC700 biochars

图5 添加不同生物炭后尾矿砂土的pH

Fig. 5 pH of tailings sand soil added different biochars

图 6 添加不同生物炭处理尾矿砂土的阳离子交换量注：不同小写字母表示同一时间不同生物炭处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。

Fig. 6 Cation exchange capacity of tailings sand soil added different biochar treatmentsNote： Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different biochar treatments of same time at P<0.05 level.

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污泥基生物炭制备及其对铁尾矿土壤酶活性的影响

Preparation of Sludge-based Biochar and Its Effect on Soil Enzyme Activity of Iron Tailings

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