关键词: 烤烟, 减氮, 有机肥, 养分吸收分配, 氮肥表观利用率, 产质量

Abstract: To investigate the potential of reducing the amount of chemical nitrogen fertilizer on the basis of applying organic fertilizer in low fertility tobacco planting soil, the field experiment was conducted with local conventional fertilization as control (CK), different nitrogen reduction ratio + organic fertilizer treatments,  including chemical fertilizer nitrogen reduction 20% + organic fertilizer 3 300 kg·hm-2 (D1), chemical fertilizer nitrogen reduction 30% + organic fertilizer 4 950 kg·hm-2 (D2), chemical fertilizer nitrogen reduction 40% + organic fertilizer 6 600 kg·hm-2 (D3) were set up. The effects on dry matter accumulation, nutrient accumulation characteristics, yield and quality of tobacco leaves were studied. The results showed that compared with CK, in D1 and D2 treatments, the dry matter accumulation of tobacco plants was increased, the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and their transferring to tobacco leaves were promoted, and the apparent utilization rate of nitrogen was improved. In addition, D1 and D2 treatments significantly increased the yield of tobacco leaves and promoted the coordination of internal chemical components. The indexes of economic characters of D2 treatment were significantly higher than those of D1 treatment except for yield. And D3 treatment was significantly lower than other treatments in all aspects. In summary, under the condition of applying organic fertilizer in low fertility tobacco planting soil, nitrogen reduction of 20% + organic fertilizer 3 300 kg·hm-2 and nitrogen reduction 30% + organic fertilizer 4 950 kg·hm-2 were more beneficial for nutrient absorption and accumulation of tobacco plants. The treatment of 30% nitrogen reduction + 4 950 kg·hm-2 organic fertilizer was the most beneficial for the formation of yield and quality of tobacco leaves.

Key words: flue-cured tobacco, nitrogen reduction, organic fertilizer, nutrient absorption and distribution, apparent nitrogen use efficiency, yield and quality