中国农业科技导报 ›› 2024, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (2): 208-215.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0106
刘峰峰1(), 吴明1, 周迎辉1, 吴勇1, 田嘉树2, 许嘉阳2,3(
), 许自成2, 何结望1(
)
收稿日期:
2023-02-17
接受日期:
2023-05-24
出版日期:
2024-02-15
发布日期:
2024-02-04
通讯作者:
许嘉阳,何结望
作者简介:
刘峰峰E-mail:liuff@hbtobacco.cn
基金资助:
Fengfeng LIU1(), Ming WU1, Yinghui ZHOU1, Yong WU1, Jiashu TIAN2, Jiayang XU2,3(
), Zicheng XU2, Jiewang HE1(
)
Received:
2023-02-17
Accepted:
2023-05-24
Online:
2024-02-15
Published:
2024-02-04
Contact:
Jiayang XU,Jiewang HE
摘要:
为探究生长素与钼配施对烤烟生理代谢及品质的影响,以‘云烟87’为材料,通过田间试验研究生长素和钼肥对烤烟光合作用、碳氮代谢、物理特性和化学成分的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,打顶后喷施生长素并追施钼肥不同程度地提高了叶片光合色素(叶绿素、类胡萝卜素)含量、气体交换参数(净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率)值和碳氮代谢酶(淀粉酶、转化酶、硝酸还原酶、谷氨酰胺合成酶)活性;提高了烤后烟叶的叶长、叶宽、单叶重、填充值和抗张力,烟叶钾、总糖、还原糖含量显著增加,总氮、烟碱含量显著降低。生长素和钼肥对烤烟光合色素总变异的贡献率分别为68.85%、13.23%,对气体交换参数总变异的贡献率分别为50.66%、42.63%,对碳氮代谢酶总变异的贡献率分别为40.74%、34.02%,对物理特性总变异的贡献率分别为46.72%、49.55%,对化学成分总变异的贡献率分别为54.94%、36.22%。总的来看,生长素为主要效应因子,喷施生长素20 mg·kg-1并追施钼肥4 mg·株-1的处理在促进生理代谢和提高烟叶品质方面效果最佳。以上研究结果为激素和微量元素在烤烟生产中的合理应用提供了理论基础。
中图分类号:
刘峰峰, 吴明, 周迎辉, 吴勇, 田嘉树, 许嘉阳, 许自成, 何结望. 生长素与钼配施对烤烟上部叶生理代谢及品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2024, 26(2): 208-215.
Fengfeng LIU, Ming WU, Yinghui ZHOU, Yong WU, Jiashu TIAN, Jiayang XU, Zicheng XU, Jiewang HE. Effects of Combined Application of Auxin and Molybdenum on Physiological Metabolism and Quality of Upper Leaves of Flue-cured Tobacco[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2024, 26(2): 208-215.
处理 Treatment | 叶绿素 Chlorophyll/(mg·g-1) | 类胡萝卜素 Carotenoid/(mg·g-1) | 净光合速率 Pn/(μmol·m-2·s-1) | 气孔导度 Gs/(mmol·m-2·s-1) | 胞间CO2 浓度 Ci/(μmol·mol-1) | 蒸腾速率 Tr/(mmol·m-2·s-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 0.81±0.05 d | 0.17±0.02 c | 16.63±0.99 c | 0.21±0.02 c | 283.26±14.96 a | 6.35±0.15 b |
T1 | 0.91±0.04 c | 0.22±0.01 ab | 19.65±1.99 b | 0.24±0.02 b | 257.63±13.62 ab | 6.73±0.21 a |
T2 | 0.91±0.03 c | 0.20±0.01 b | 19.50±0.55 b | 0.29±0.02 a | 261.20±17.84 ab | 6.72±0.20 a |
T3 | 0.98±0.03 b | 0.23±0.02 a | 22.48±1.65 a | 0.26±0.01 b | 247.49±16.79 b | 6.77±0.24 a |
T4 | 1.05±0.04 a | 0.24±0.02 a | 22.85±1.35 a | 0.30±0.02 a | 209.95±18.29 c | 6.97±0.18 a |
表1 不同生长素与钼配施条件下的烤烟光合作用参数
Table 1 Photosynthesis parameters of flue-cured tobacco under different conditions of IAA and Mo
处理 Treatment | 叶绿素 Chlorophyll/(mg·g-1) | 类胡萝卜素 Carotenoid/(mg·g-1) | 净光合速率 Pn/(μmol·m-2·s-1) | 气孔导度 Gs/(mmol·m-2·s-1) | 胞间CO2 浓度 Ci/(μmol·mol-1) | 蒸腾速率 Tr/(mmol·m-2·s-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 0.81±0.05 d | 0.17±0.02 c | 16.63±0.99 c | 0.21±0.02 c | 283.26±14.96 a | 6.35±0.15 b |
T1 | 0.91±0.04 c | 0.22±0.01 ab | 19.65±1.99 b | 0.24±0.02 b | 257.63±13.62 ab | 6.73±0.21 a |
T2 | 0.91±0.03 c | 0.20±0.01 b | 19.50±0.55 b | 0.29±0.02 a | 261.20±17.84 ab | 6.72±0.20 a |
T3 | 0.98±0.03 b | 0.23±0.02 a | 22.48±1.65 a | 0.26±0.01 b | 247.49±16.79 b | 6.77±0.24 a |
T4 | 1.05±0.04 a | 0.24±0.02 a | 22.85±1.35 a | 0.30±0.02 a | 209.95±18.29 c | 6.97±0.18 a |
来源 Source | 叶绿素 Chlorophyll | 类胡萝卜素 Carotenoid | 净光合速率 Pn | 气孔导度 Gs | 胞间CO2 浓度 Ci | 蒸腾速率 Tr |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
生长素IAA | 0.702 | 0.516 | 0.593 | 0.127 | 0.302 | 0.133 |
钼Mo | 0.218 | 0.016 | 0.002 | 0.685 | 0.224 | 0.061 |
生长素×钼 IAA×Mo | 0.187 | 0.130 | 0.010 | 0.026 | 0.038 | 0.079 |
表2 生长素与钼肥对烤烟光合作用的Eta2值的影响
Table 2 Effect of IAA and Mo fertilizer on Eta2 of photosynthetic of flue-cured tobacco
来源 Source | 叶绿素 Chlorophyll | 类胡萝卜素 Carotenoid | 净光合速率 Pn | 气孔导度 Gs | 胞间CO2 浓度 Ci | 蒸腾速率 Tr |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
生长素IAA | 0.702 | 0.516 | 0.593 | 0.127 | 0.302 | 0.133 |
钼Mo | 0.218 | 0.016 | 0.002 | 0.685 | 0.224 | 0.061 |
生长素×钼 IAA×Mo | 0.187 | 0.130 | 0.010 | 0.026 | 0.038 | 0.079 |
图1 不同生长素与钼配施条件下的烤烟碳氮代谢酶活性注:不同小写字母表示差异在P<0.05水平显著。
Fig. 1 Activities of carbon and nitrogen metabolizing enzymes in flue-cured tobacco under different conditions of IAA and MoNote: Different lowercase letters indicate significantly differences at P?<?0.05 level.
处理 Treatment | 叶长 Leaf length/cm | 叶宽 Leaf width/cm | 单叶重 Single leaf weight/g | 含梗率 Stem ratio/% | 填充值 Filling value/(cm3·g-1) | 抗张力 Tensile strength/ (N·cm-2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 53.54±3.22 c | 22.44±0.95 c | 10.34±0.22 b | 33.93±1.41 a | 2.25±0.13 c | 1.89±0.08 c |
T1 | 59.13±2.67 b | 22.63±0.91 bc | 10.40±0.34 b | 28.38±1.90 b | 2.56±0.11 b | 2.10±0.06 b |
T2 | 58.68±2.18 b | 22.75±0.63 bc | 11.23±0.37 a | 28.80±2.98 b | 2.94±0.10 a | 2.36±0.05 a |
T3 | 64.50±3.06 a | 24.21±0.73 ab | 11.48±0.43 a | 27.61±2.42 b | 2.62±0.15 b | 2.12±0.07 b |
T4 | 65.26±2.25 a | 24.77±1.05 a | 11.77±0.72 a | 27.95±1.81 b | 2.98±0.13 a | 2.41±0.08 a |
表3 不同生长素与钼配施条件下的烤烟物理特性
Table 3 Physical properties of flue-cured tobacco under different conditions of IAA and Mo
处理 Treatment | 叶长 Leaf length/cm | 叶宽 Leaf width/cm | 单叶重 Single leaf weight/g | 含梗率 Stem ratio/% | 填充值 Filling value/(cm3·g-1) | 抗张力 Tensile strength/ (N·cm-2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 53.54±3.22 c | 22.44±0.95 c | 10.34±0.22 b | 33.93±1.41 a | 2.25±0.13 c | 1.89±0.08 c |
T1 | 59.13±2.67 b | 22.63±0.91 bc | 10.40±0.34 b | 28.38±1.90 b | 2.56±0.11 b | 2.10±0.06 b |
T2 | 58.68±2.18 b | 22.75±0.63 bc | 11.23±0.37 a | 28.80±2.98 b | 2.94±0.10 a | 2.36±0.05 a |
T3 | 64.50±3.06 a | 24.21±0.73 ab | 11.48±0.43 a | 27.61±2.42 b | 2.62±0.15 b | 2.12±0.07 b |
T4 | 65.26±2.25 a | 24.77±1.05 a | 11.77±0.72 a | 27.95±1.81 b | 2.98±0.13 a | 2.41±0.08 a |
来源 Source | 叶长 Leaf length | 叶宽 Leaf width | 单叶重 Single leaf weight | 含梗率 Stem ratio | 填充值 Filling value | 抗张力 Tensile strength |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
生长素IAA | 0.594 | 0.564 | 0.499 | 0.040 | 0.048 | 0.074 |
钼Mo | 0.001 | 0.045 | 0.324 | 0.009 | 0.716 | 0.834 |
生长素×钼 IAA×Mo | 0.015 | 0.019 | 0.098 | 0.001 | 0.003 | 0.009 |
表4 生长素与钼对烤烟物理特性的Eta2值的影响
Table 4 Effect of IAA and Mo fertilizer on Eta2 of physical properties of flue-cured tobacco
来源 Source | 叶长 Leaf length | 叶宽 Leaf width | 单叶重 Single leaf weight | 含梗率 Stem ratio | 填充值 Filling value | 抗张力 Tensile strength |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
生长素IAA | 0.594 | 0.564 | 0.499 | 0.040 | 0.048 | 0.074 |
钼Mo | 0.001 | 0.045 | 0.324 | 0.009 | 0.716 | 0.834 |
生长素×钼 IAA×Mo | 0.015 | 0.019 | 0.098 | 0.001 | 0.003 | 0.009 |
处理 Treatment | 总糖 Total sugar | 还原糖 Reducing sugar | 烟碱 Nicotine | 总氮 Total nitrogen | 钾 Potassium | 氯 Chlorine |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 22.29±0.32 c | 19.27±0.62 c | 3.09±0.12 a | 2.73±0.07 a | 1.13±0.07 d | 0.52±0.04 a |
T1 | 22.91±0.30 b | 20.86±0.28 b | 2.76±0.12 b | 2.49±0.08 b | 1.26±0.03 c | 0.42±0.03 b |
T2 | 22.97±0.14 b | 20.77±0.27 b | 2.57±0.06 c | 2.39±0.16 b | 1.33±0.06 ab | 0.37±0.05 b |
T3 | 23.47±0.36 b | 21.23±0.58 ab | 2.50±0.11 c | 2.32±0.06 bc | 1.30±0.04 ab | 0.39±0.04 b |
T4 | 24.04±0.34 a | 21.80±0.30 a | 2.29±0.08 d | 2.18±0.09 c | 1.35±0.03 a | 0.35±0.04 b |
表5 不同生长素与钼配施条件下的烤烟化学成分 (%)
Table 5 Chemical component of flue-cured tobacco under different conditions of IAA and Mo
处理 Treatment | 总糖 Total sugar | 还原糖 Reducing sugar | 烟碱 Nicotine | 总氮 Total nitrogen | 钾 Potassium | 氯 Chlorine |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 22.29±0.32 c | 19.27±0.62 c | 3.09±0.12 a | 2.73±0.07 a | 1.13±0.07 d | 0.52±0.04 a |
T1 | 22.91±0.30 b | 20.86±0.28 b | 2.76±0.12 b | 2.49±0.08 b | 1.26±0.03 c | 0.42±0.03 b |
T2 | 22.97±0.14 b | 20.77±0.27 b | 2.57±0.06 c | 2.39±0.16 b | 1.33±0.06 ab | 0.37±0.05 b |
T3 | 23.47±0.36 b | 21.23±0.58 ab | 2.50±0.11 c | 2.32±0.06 bc | 1.30±0.04 ab | 0.39±0.04 b |
T4 | 24.04±0.34 a | 21.80±0.30 a | 2.29±0.08 d | 2.18±0.09 c | 1.35±0.03 a | 0.35±0.04 b |
来源 Source | 总糖 Total sugar | 还原糖 Reducing sugar | 烟碱 Nicotine | 总氮 Total nitrogen | 钾 Potassium | 氯 Chlorine |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
生长素IAA | 0.684 | 0.434 | 0.384 | 0.542 | 0.110 | 0.108 |
钼Mo | 0.242 | 0.085 | 0.265 | 0.299 | 0.378 | 0.222 |
生长素×钼 IAA×Mo | 0.176 | 0.146 | 0.009 | 0.015 | 0.013 | 0.005 |
表6 生长素与钼对烤烟化学成分Eta2值的影响
Table 6 Effect of IAA and Mo fertilizer on Eta2 of chemical component of flue-cured tobacco
来源 Source | 总糖 Total sugar | 还原糖 Reducing sugar | 烟碱 Nicotine | 总氮 Total nitrogen | 钾 Potassium | 氯 Chlorine |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
生长素IAA | 0.684 | 0.434 | 0.384 | 0.542 | 0.110 | 0.108 |
钼Mo | 0.242 | 0.085 | 0.265 | 0.299 | 0.378 | 0.222 |
生长素×钼 IAA×Mo | 0.176 | 0.146 | 0.009 | 0.015 | 0.013 | 0.005 |
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