旺业甸林场不同林型土壤活性有机碳分布特征

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0314

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

活性有机碳能反映土壤碳的动态特征，是土壤碳库的重要组成部分。为揭示森林土壤活性有机碳组分分布规律，以内蒙古旺业甸林场阔叶林、针阔混交林、针叶林和灌木林为研究对象，测定不同林分不同土层深度的易氧化有机碳（easily oxidizable organic carbon，EOC）、颗粒有机碳（particulate organic carbon，POC）和可溶性有机碳（dissolved organic carbon，DOC）含量，采用方差分析、相关性分析、冗余分析和灰色关联分析等方法分析土壤EOC、POC和DOC的分布特征及其与地形因子、林分因子和土壤理化性质之间的关系。结果表明，土壤EOC、POC和DOC含量均在0—10 cm土层中最大，且随着土壤深度的增加而逐渐减小。在0—10 cm土层，土壤EOC含量在针阔混交林与阔叶林之间无显著差异，在10—30和30—50 cm土层，针阔混交林土壤EOC含量均显著大于其他3种林分。各土层POC含量最高的均为阔叶林土壤，DOC含量在阔叶林和针阔混交林中相近且均高于针叶林和灌木林。在4种林分类型中，对土壤活性有机碳组分存在主要影响的理化性质有pH、全氮和速效钾，同时海拔和郁闭度也有较大影响。综上可知，土壤活性有机碳含量随土壤深度的增加而降低，不同土层中不同活性有机碳组分对林分变化的响应不同；土壤pH、全氮、速效钾、海拔和郁闭度是EOC、POC和DOC的主要影响因子。研究结果为旺业甸林场碳汇功能评价提供科学依据。

关键词: 土壤活性有机碳组分, 影响因素, 森林土壤, 林分类型, 土壤理化性质

Abstract:

Soil active organic carbon can reflect the dynamic characteristics of soil carbon as an important part of soil carbon pool. In order to reveal the distribution of active organic carbon components in forest soil， broad-leaved forest， coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest， coniferous forest and shrubwood in Wangyedian forest farm of Inner Mongolia were taken as the research objects，the contents of easily oxidizable organic carbon （EOC）， particulate organic carbon （POC） and dissolved organic carbon （DOC） at different soil depths of different stand types were investigated. The distribution characteristics of soil EOC， POC and DOC and their correlation with terrain factors， stand factors and soil physicochemical properties were analyzed using analysis of variance， correlation analysis， redundancy analysis and grey correlation analysis. The results showed that soil EOC， POC and DOC contents were the largest at 0 to 10 cm soil layer， and decreased as the depth increased. At 0 to 10 cm soil layer， there was no significant difference of EOC content between coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest and broad-leaved forest. At 10 to 30 and 30 to 50 cm soil layer， EOC content of coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest was significantly greater than that of the other 3 forest stand types. The highest POC content was found in all soil layers of the broad-leaved forest. The DOC content was similar in broad-leaved forest and coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest， but higher than that in coniferous forest and shrubwood. As for the 4 stand types， the main physicochemical properties affecting the soil active organic carbon components were pH， total nitrogen and readily available potassium， and altitude and canopy density also had great effects. Therefore， soil active organic carbon content decreased with the increase of soil depth， and different active organic carbon components at varied soil depths showed different responses to stand variation. Soil pH， total nitrogen， readily available potassium， altitude and canopy density were the main factors affecting soil EOC， POC and DOC contents. Above results provided a scientific basis for carbon sink function evaluation in Wangyedian forest farm.

Key words: soil active organic carbon component, influencing factor, forest soil, stand type, soil physicochemical property

中图分类号:

S153.6

位春杰, 王海燕, 崔雪, 董齐琪, 张亦凡, 高子滢. 旺业甸林场不同林型土壤活性有机碳分布特征[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2025, 27(10): 193-205.

Chunjie WEI, Haiyan WANG, Xue CUI, Qiqi DONG, Yifan ZHANG, Ziying GAO. Distribution Characteristics of Soil Active Organic Carbon in Different Forest Types in Wangyedian Forest Farm[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(10): 193-205.

图/表 9

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理化性质 Physicochemical property	土层深度 Soil depth/cm	阔叶林 Broad-leaved forest	针阔混交林 Coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest	针叶林 Coniferous forest	灌木林 Shrubwood
全氮 Total nitrogen/ （g·kg^-1）	0—10	4.51±1.47 αa	4.49±1.05 αa	2.05±0.80 αb	3.66±1.00 αa
	10—30	2.62±1.03 βa	2.96±0.97 βa	1.48±0.69 βb	2.85±0.63 αβa
	30—50	2.05±0.99 βa	1.79±0.58 γa	1.00±0.47 γb	1.88±0.46 βa
有效磷 Available phosphorus/ （mg·kg^-1）	0—10	7.93±7.63 αa	7.01±3.73 αa	7.18±6.18 αa	2.50±1.09 αa
	10—30	8.42±7.86 αa	6.04±2.59 αβa	7.50±7.78 αa	4.27±2.12 αa
	30—50	8.95±10.13 αa	4.07±1.52 βa	6.24±4.67 αa	2.81±1.00 αa
速效钾 Readily available potassium/ （mg·kg^-1）	0—10	172.34±49.90 αa	179.08±26.92 αa	93.45±33.01 αb	149.48±39.93 αa
	10—30	111.34±47.14 βa	107.67±50.53 βa	56.87±26.06 βb	77.32±34.19 βab
	30—50	90.21±44.98 βa	80.18±34.88 βab	47.89±16.95 βc	51.55±20.62 βbc
土壤密度 Soil bulk density/ （g·cm^-3）	0—10	1.03±0.32 βb	1.10±0.25 αab	1.34±0.23 αa	1.16±0.32 αab
	10—30	1.16±0.35 αβa	1.16±0.18 αa	1.35±0.20 αa	1.21±0.21 αa
	30—50	1.33±0.22 αab	1.22±.021 αb	1.44±0.23 αab	1.49±0.30 αa
pH	0—10	5.94±0.33 βb	5.96±0.34 αβb	6.24±0.19 βa	6.20±0.27 βab
	10—30	5.88±0.24 βab	5.80±0.11 βb	6.08±0.37 γab	6.14±0.09 βa
	30—50	6.16±0.26 αb	6.17±0.20 αb	6.38±0.24 αab	6.60±0.15 αa

理化性质 Physicochemical property	土层深度 Soil depth/cm	阔叶林 Broad-leaved forest	针阔混交林 Coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest	针叶林 Coniferous forest	灌木林 Shrubwood
全氮 Total nitrogen/ （g·kg^-1）	0—10	4.51±1.47 αa	4.49±1.05 αa	2.05±0.80 αb	3.66±1.00 αa
	10—30	2.62±1.03 βa	2.96±0.97 βa	1.48±0.69 βb	2.85±0.63 αβa
	30—50	2.05±0.99 βa	1.79±0.58 γa	1.00±0.47 γb	1.88±0.46 βa
有效磷 Available phosphorus/ （mg·kg^-1）	0—10	7.93±7.63 αa	7.01±3.73 αa	7.18±6.18 αa	2.50±1.09 αa
	10—30	8.42±7.86 αa	6.04±2.59 αβa	7.50±7.78 αa	4.27±2.12 αa
	30—50	8.95±10.13 αa	4.07±1.52 βa	6.24±4.67 αa	2.81±1.00 αa
速效钾 Readily available potassium/ （mg·kg^-1）	0—10	172.34±49.90 αa	179.08±26.92 αa	93.45±33.01 αb	149.48±39.93 αa
	10—30	111.34±47.14 βa	107.67±50.53 βa	56.87±26.06 βb	77.32±34.19 βab
	30—50	90.21±44.98 βa	80.18±34.88 βab	47.89±16.95 βc	51.55±20.62 βbc
土壤密度 Soil bulk density/ （g·cm^-3）	0—10	1.03±0.32 βb	1.10±0.25 αab	1.34±0.23 αa	1.16±0.32 αab
	10—30	1.16±0.35 αβa	1.16±0.18 αa	1.35±0.20 αa	1.21±0.21 αa
	30—50	1.33±0.22 αab	1.22±.021 αb	1.44±0.23 αab	1.49±0.30 αa
pH	0—10	5.94±0.33 βb	5.96±0.34 αβb	6.24±0.19 βa	6.20±0.27 βab
	10—30	5.88±0.24 βab	5.80±0.11 βb	6.08±0.37 γab	6.14±0.09 βa
	30—50	6.16±0.26 αb	6.17±0.20 αb	6.38±0.24 αab	6.60±0.15 αa

活性有机碳组分 Active organic carbon component	土层深度 Soil depth/cm	阔叶林 Broad-leaved forest	针阔混交林 Coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest	针叶林 Coniferous forest	灌木林 Shrubwood
易氧化有机碳EOC/（g·kg^-1）	0—10	4.15±1.32 αab	4.87±0.91 αa	3.01±1.35 αb	3.38±0.87 αb
	10—30	2.42±1.06 βb	3.96±1.03 αβa	2.19±0.90 βb	1.84±0.51 βb
	30—50	2.27±1.28 βb	3.21±1.06 βa	1.70±0.72 βb	1.46±0.19 βb
颗粒有机碳 POC/（g·kg^-1）	0—10	19.83±3.71 αa	16.50±1.41 αb	10.56±2.41 αc	10.06±2.77 αc
	10—30	10.99±2.46 βa	7.93±1.20 βb	6.28±2.11 βbc	5.72±2.78 βc
	30—50	5.77±1.86 γa	5.07±0.92 γab	4.27±1.32 γb	1.97±0.11 γc
可溶性有机碳 DOC/（mg·kg^-1）	0—10	289.69±114.81 αa	279.13±82.31 αa	241.45±106.60 αa	228.23±125.28 αa
	10—30	131.76±45.24 βa	159.82±64.50 βa	132.91±66.72 βa	67.75±15.33 βb
	30—50	92.56±53.73 βa	93.76±31.16 γa	75.23±38.35 γab	45.78±9.93 βb

活性有机碳组分 Active organic carbon component	土层深度 Soil depth/cm	阔叶林 Broad-leaved forest	针阔混交林 Coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest	针叶林 Coniferous forest	灌木林 Shrubwood
易氧化有机碳EOC/（g·kg^-1）	0—10	4.15±1.32 αab	4.87±0.91 αa	3.01±1.35 αb	3.38±0.87 αb
	10—30	2.42±1.06 βb	3.96±1.03 αβa	2.19±0.90 βb	1.84±0.51 βb
	30—50	2.27±1.28 βb	3.21±1.06 βa	1.70±0.72 βb	1.46±0.19 βb
颗粒有机碳 POC/（g·kg^-1）	0—10	19.83±3.71 αa	16.50±1.41 αb	10.56±2.41 αc	10.06±2.77 αc
	10—30	10.99±2.46 βa	7.93±1.20 βb	6.28±2.11 βbc	5.72±2.78 βc
	30—50	5.77±1.86 γa	5.07±0.92 γab	4.27±1.32 γb	1.97±0.11 γc
可溶性有机碳 DOC/（mg·kg^-1）	0—10	289.69±114.81 αa	279.13±82.31 αa	241.45±106.60 αa	228.23±125.28 αa
	10—30	131.76±45.24 βa	159.82±64.50 βa	132.91±66.72 βa	67.75±15.33 βb
	30—50	92.56±53.73 βa	93.76±31.16 γa	75.23±38.35 γab	45.78±9.93 βb

指标Index	差异源Variance source	F 值F value	P 值P value
易氧化有机碳EOC	土层深度 Soil depth	24.236	0.000^**
	林分类型 Stand type	19.617	0.000^**
	土层深度×林分类型 Soil depth × stand type	0.885	0.507
颗粒有机碳POC	土层深度 Soil depth	188.400	0.000^**
	林分类型 Stand type	75.060	0.000^**
	土层深度×林分类型Soil depth × stand type	13.839	0.000^**
可溶性有机碳DOC	土层深度 Soil depth	58.322	0.000^**
	林分类型 Stand type	3.010	0.032^*
	土层深度×林分类型Soil depth × stand type	0.558	0.763