新型复合水凝胶对镉胁迫烟草幼苗的缓解效应

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0748

中国农业科技导报 ›› 2023, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (3): 188-197.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0748

新型复合水凝胶对镉胁迫烟草幼苗的缓解效应

刘云飞¹(), 韦凤杰², 夏茂林¹, 于兆锦¹, 夏昊³, 衣春宇¹, 常剑波⁴(), 姬小明¹()

^1.河南农业大学烟草学院，河南省生物炭工程技术研究中心，郑州 450002
^2.中国烟草总公司河南省公司，郑州 450018
^3.吉安市烟草公司峡江分公司，江西吉安 331400
^4.河南省三门峡市烟草公司，河南三门峡 472400

收稿日期:2021-08-27 接受日期:2022-01-18 出版日期:2023-03-15 发布日期:2023-05-22
通讯作者: 常剑波,姬小明
作者简介:刘云飞 E-mail：1448789042@qq.com
基金资助:
河南省烟草公司三门峡市公司项目(2022411200200004x);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202010466038);江西省烟草公司吉安市公司项目(吉烟科〔2019〕4号)

Alleviative Effect of New Composite Hydrogels on Cadmium Stress Tobacco Seedlings

Yunfei LIU¹(), Fengjie WEI², Maolin XIA¹, Zhaojin YU¹, Hao XIA³, Chunyu YI¹, Jianbo CHANG⁴(), Xiaoming JI¹()

^1.Henan Biochar Engineering Research Center, Tobacco College of Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
^2.China Tobacco Croporation Henan Company, Zhengzhou 450018, China
^3.Xiajiang Branch of Ji'an Tobacco Company, Jiangxi Ji'an 331400, China
^4.Sanmenxia Branch of Henan Tobacco Company, Henan Sanmenxia 472400, China

Received:2021-08-27 Accepted:2022-01-18 Online:2023-03-15 Published:2023-05-22
Contact: Jianbo CHANG,Xiaoming JI

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究新型复合水凝胶对镉（Cd）胁迫烟草幼苗的缓解作用及其对Cd的吸附机理，以合成的新型生物炭复合水凝胶（PVA/AA/B）和改性生物炭复合水凝胶（PVA/AA/MB）为材料，开展Cd吸附试验和烟草盆栽试验。结果表明，2种复合水凝胶对Cd的吸附方式均以多分子层吸附为主，PVA/AA/B和PVA/AA/MB对Cd的最大吸附量分别为314.17和371.83 mg·g^-1；与CK相比，PVA/AA/B和PVA/AA/MB处理的植株鲜重分别显著增加172.94%和231.32%，干重分别显著增加135.29%和188.24%，土壤有效态Cd含量分别显著降低36.27%和65.18%，植株Cd含量分别显著降低54.47%和63.23%，叶片的SPAD值及抗氧化酶活性显著提高。2种合成的新型材料均能有效缓解Cd胁迫对烟草幼苗的毒害，促进Cd胁迫下烟草幼苗的生长，减少烟草中Cd积累，其中PVA/AA/MB效果更好，可为缓解烟草Cd胁迫提供理论依据。

关键词: 生物炭, 水凝胶, 镉胁迫, 烟草

Abstract:

In order to study the mechanism of new composite hydrogels for Cd and the alleviating effect of Cd stress on tobacco seedlings， using the synthesized new biochar composite hydrogel （PVA/AA/B） and modified biochar composite hydrogel （PVA/AA/MB） as materials， Cd adsorption and tobacco pot experiments were carried out. The results showed that the adsorption mode of two composite hydrogels for Cd was mainly multi-molecular layer adsorption， and the maximum adsorption capacity of Cd by PVA/AA/B and PVA/AA/MB were 314.17 and 371.83 mg·g^-1 respectively. Compared to the results of CK， PVA/AA/B and PVA/AA/MB treatments significantly increased plant fresh weight by 172.94% and 231.32%， significantly increased dry weight by 135.29% and 188.24%， significantly decreased soil available Cd content by 36.27% and 65.18%， significantly decreased the content of Cd in the plants by 54.47% and 63.23%， and significantly increased SPAD value and antioxidant enzyme activity of the leaves. Both of the two new synthesized materials could effectively relieve the toxicity of Cd stress on tobacco seedlings and promote the growth of tobacco seedlings under Cd stress， among which PVA/AA/MB showed the better effect.The results provided theoretical basis for alleviating tobacco Cd stress.

Key words: biochar, hydrogels, cadmium stresses, tobacco

中图分类号:

S572

刘云飞, 韦凤杰, 夏茂林, 于兆锦, 夏昊, 衣春宇, 常剑波, 姬小明. 新型复合水凝胶对镉胁迫烟草幼苗的缓解效应[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(3): 188-197.

Yunfei LIU, Fengjie WEI, Maolin XIA, Zhaojin YU, Hao XIA, Chunyu YI, Jianbo CHANG, Xiaoming JI. Alleviative Effect of New Composite Hydrogels on Cadmium Stress Tobacco Seedlings[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2023, 25(3): 188-197.

图/表 10

图1 PVA/AA、PVA/AA/B和PVA/AA/MB的红外光谱图及吸附Cd+前后的红外光谱对比

Fig.1 FTIR diagram of PVA/AA， PVA/AA/B and PVA/AA/MB and FTIR comparison diagram before and after adsorption of Cd+

图2 PVA/AA、PVA/AA/B和PVA/AA/MB的扫描电镜图

Fig.2 SEM images of PVA/AA， PVA/AA/B and PVA/AA/MB

表1 不同材料对水溶液中Cd的平衡吸附量及去除率

Table 1 Equilibrium adsorption capacity and removal rate of Cd in aqueous solution by different materials

指标

Idex

去除率

Removal rate/%

图3 PVA/AA、PVA/AA/B和PVA/AA/MB对Cd的Freundlich等温吸附曲线

Fig. 3 Freundlich isothermal adsorption curves of Cd by PVA/AA， PVA/AA/B and PVA/AA/MB

表2 PVA/AA、PVA/AA/B、PVA/AA/MB吸附等温线拟合参数

Table 2 Fitting parameters of adsorption isotherms for PVA/AA， PVA/AA/B and PVA/AA/MB

材料 Materials	Langmuir等温吸附模型 Langmuir isothermal adsorption model			Freundlich等温吸附模型 Freundlich isothermal adsorption model			样本数 Sample number
材料 Materials	Q_m/（mg·g^-1）	K_L/（L·mg^-1）	R₁²	K_F/（mg^1-n·g^-1·L^-n）	1/n	R₂²	样本数 Sample number
PVA/AA	271.15	0.038	0.983 7^**	40.94	0.356 7	0.923 5^**	6
PVA/AA/B	314.17	0.046	0.955 2^**	47.79	0.372 4	0.991 5^**	6
PVA/AA/MB	371.83	0.178	0.938 7^**	101.91	0.310 5	0.994 7^**	6

图4 PVA/AA、PVA/AA/B和PVA/AA/MB对镉的准一级动力学曲线

Fig. 4 Pseudo?first?order kinetic curves of Cd by PVA/AA， PVA/AA/B and PVA/AA/MB

表3 PVA/AA、PVA/AA/B、PVA/AA/MB的吸附动力学拟合参数

Table 3 Adsorption kinetics fitting parameters of PVA/AA， PVA/AA/B and PVA/AA/MB

材料 Material	准一级动力学模型 Pseudo-first-order plots			准二级动力学模型 Pseudo-second-order plots			样本数 Sample number
材料 Material	Q_e/（mg·g^-1）	k₁/h^-1	R₃²	Q_e/（mg·g^-1）	k₂/（10^-4·g·mg^-1·h^-1）	R₄²	样本数 Sample number
PVA/AA	59.03	0.016	0.995 7^**	66.56	2.96	0.958 7^**	8
PVA/AA/B	134.81	0.006	0.996 1^**	169.46	3.43	0.987 9^**	8
PVA/AA/MB	197.63	0.005	0.993 4^**	255.98	1.78	0.989 8^**	8

表4 不同处理下生物量积累及根系指标

Table 4 Biomass accumulation and root indexes under different treatments

根系指标 Root index	处理 Treatment
根系指标 Root index	CK	T1	T2	T3	T4	T5
鲜重 Fresh weight/g	0.728 d	1.406 c	1.584 c	1.876 b	1.987 b	2.412 a
干重 Dry weight/g	0.085 d	0.131 c	0.155 bc	0.187 b	0.200 b	0.245 a
总根长 Total length of root/cm	15.37 d	28.14 c	25.75 c	34.47 b	46.16 a	49.34 a
根表面积 Root surface area/cm²	1.77 e	3.45 d	3.48 d	5.92 c	6.95 b	8.89 a
根体积 Root volume/（10^-3·cm^-3）	18.88 d	43.68 c	42.82 cd	59.02 c	84.66 b	118.49 a
平均根直径 Average root diameter/mm	0.477 c	0.519 bc	0.515 bc	0.530 b	0.543 ab	0.576 a
根尖数 Number of root tips	29 f	52 e	94 d	159 c	179 b	205 a

图5 不同处理下烟草幼苗抗氧化酶活性注：同一指标中不同小写字母表示处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。

Fig.5 Antioxidant enzyme activities of tobacco seedlings under different treatmentsNote： Different lowercase letters in same index indicate significant differences between treatments at P<0.05 level.

图6 不同处理下叶片SPAD值、土壤有效态镉和植株镉含量注：同一指标中不同小写字母表示处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。

Fig.6 Leaf SPAD value， soil available Cd and plant Cd contents under different treatmentsNote： Different lowercase letters in same index indicate significant differences between treatments at P<0.05 level.

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新型复合水凝胶对镉胁迫烟草幼苗的缓解效应

Alleviative Effect of New Composite Hydrogels on Cadmium Stress Tobacco Seedlings

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