生物炭对玉米醇溶蛋白/聚丙烯复合材料力学性能的影响

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0572

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为实现玉米醇溶蛋白（Zein）的材料化利用，以生物炭、聚丙烯（polypropylene，PP）、Zein为原料制备复合材料（Zein/PP），探究生物炭对Zein/PP复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明，生物炭与Zein均没有改变PP的晶面结构，生物炭降低了Zein/PP复合材料的相对结晶度；生物炭的多孔结构与PP形成了一种稳定的界面结构，进而改善了Zein/PP复合材料的弯曲性能、拉伸性能、冲击强度、刚性、弹性、尺寸稳定性。当生物炭的含量为15%时，复合材料的综合力学性能最佳，其弯曲强度、弯曲模量、拉伸强度、拉伸模量、断裂伸长率、冲击强度分别为44.68 MPa、2.66 GPa、24.27 MPa、0.29 GPa、7.07%、6.10 kJ·m^-2。试验结果可为Zein/PP复合材料性能的改善提供依据。

关键词: 生物炭, 玉米醇溶蛋白, 聚丙烯, 复合材料, 力学性能

Abstract:

In order to realize material utilization of zein， the composite was prepared using biochar， polypropylene （PP） and zein， and the effect of biochar on mechanical properties of Zein/PP composite was studied. The results showed that the increase of biochar did not change the crystal structure of PP and reduced the relative crystallinity of Zein/PP composites. The stable interface structure formed by biochar pores and PP matrix improved the flexural properties， tensile properties， impact strength， rigidity， elasticity， and dimensional stability of Zein/PP composites. When the content of biochar was 15%， the composites obtained the best mechanical properties， and the flexural strength， flexural modulus， tensile strength， tensile modulus， elongation at break and impact strength were 44.68 MPa， 2.66 GPa， 24.27 MPa， 0.29 GPa， 7.07% and 6.10 kJ·m^-2， respectively. The results provided a basis for improving the properties of Zein/PP composites.

Key words: biochar, zein, polypropylene, composites, mechanical properties

中图分类号:

TM332

魏俞涌, 张庆法, 盛奎川. 生物炭对玉米醇溶蛋白/聚丙烯复合材料力学性能的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(10): 161-168.

Yuyong WEI, Qingfa ZHANG, Kuichuan SHENG. Effect of Biochar on Mechanical Properties of Zein/Polypropylene Composites[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, 24(10): 161-168.

图/表 8

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样品 Sample	BC0	BC5	BC10	BC15	BC20
聚丙烯 PP	60	60	60	60	60
玉米醇溶蛋白 Zein	20	15	10	5	0
碳酸钙 CaCO₃	20	20	20	20	20
生物炭 Biochar	0	5	10	15	20

样品 Sample	BC0	BC5	BC10	BC15	BC20
聚丙烯 PP	60	60	60	60	60
玉米醇溶蛋白 Zein	20	15	10	5	0
碳酸钙 CaCO₃	20	20	20	20	20
生物炭 Biochar	0	5	10	15	20

力学性能 Mechanical property	PP	BC0	BC5	BC10	BC15	BC20
弯曲强度 Flexural strength/MPa	36.01±0.84	40.69±1.18	41.81±0.43	41.45±0.46	44.68±0.32	45.03±0.18
弯曲模量 Flexural modulus/GPa	1.33±0.07	2.70±0.11	2.28±0.15	2.36±0.10	2.66±0.06	2.54±0.05
拉伸强度 Tensile strength/MPa	23.19±1.79	20.71±0.55	22.41±0.17	24.00±0.25	24.27±0.05	23.64±0.23
拉伸模量 Tensile modulus/GPa	0.23±0.01	0.33±0.02	0.27±0.03	0.37±0.01	0.29±0.02	0.36±0.10
断裂伸长率 Elongation/%	8.71±0.17	5.97±0.18	6.71±0.22	7.00±0.41	7.07±0.13	7.26±0.22
冲击强度 Impact strength/（kJ·m^-2）	8.57±2.26	4.70±0.37	6.59±0.56	6.11±0.85	6.10±0.53	4.59±0.87

力学性能 Mechanical property	PP	BC0	BC5	BC10	BC15	BC20
弯曲强度 Flexural strength/MPa	36.01±0.84	40.69±1.18	41.81±0.43	41.45±0.46	44.68±0.32	45.03±0.18
弯曲模量 Flexural modulus/GPa	1.33±0.07	2.70±0.11	2.28±0.15	2.36±0.10	2.66±0.06	2.54±0.05
拉伸强度 Tensile strength/MPa	23.19±1.79	20.71±0.55	22.41±0.17	24.00±0.25	24.27±0.05	23.64±0.23
拉伸模量 Tensile modulus/GPa	0.23±0.01	0.33±0.02	0.27±0.03	0.37±0.01	0.29±0.02	0.36±0.10
断裂伸长率 Elongation/%	8.71±0.17	5.97±0.18	6.71±0.22	7.00±0.41	7.07±0.13	7.26±0.22
冲击强度 Impact strength/（kJ·m^-2）	8.57±2.26	4.70±0.37	6.59±0.56	6.11±0.85	6.10±0.53	4.59±0.87

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