关键词: 施肥模式, 大麦, 生理特性, 保护性酶, 产量

Abstract: In order to explore the effects of long-term application of crop residue and mineral fertilizer on physiological characteristics in plant leaves and yield of barley (Hordaum vulgare L.) under barley and double-cropping rice triple crops planting pattern, a long-term field experiment established by 33 a in Ningxiang county of Hunan Province was carried out, the protective enzyme activities and photosynthetic characteristics of barley leaves, and yield of barley with different  fertilizer treatments were investigated from 2018 to 2020 in the present paper. The experiment included three different fertilizer treatments: without fertilizer  (CK1),  chemical fertilizer alone (CK2) and  crop residue and chemical fertilizer (RF). The results showed that activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) in barley leaves of RF and CK2 treatments  increased when compared with CK1 treatment at different main growth stages of barley. Meanwhile, compared with CK1 treatment, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline (Pro)  in  leaves of RF and CK2 treatments  decreased at different main growth stages of barley. ANOV result indicated that activities of SOD, POD and CAT in leaves of  RF treatment were significantly higher (P＜0.05) than those of CK1 treatment, and the MDA and Pro contents in leaves  of RF treatment were significantly lower (P＜0.05) than those of CK1 treatment at different main growth stages of barley. Meanwhile, the transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate in leaves of   RF treatment were significantly higher (P＜0.05) than that of CK1 treatment at different main growth stages of barley. The order of barley yield with different fertilizer treatments from 2018 to 2020 were showed as RF＞CK2＞CK1, and the grain yields of  RF treatment were significantly higher (P＜0.05) than those of CK1 treatment. Compared with CK1 treatment, the grain yield of  RF treatment was increased by 571.5 and 576.9 kg·hm^-2 from 2018 and 2020. As a result, it was an effective way to improve protective enzyme activities and photosynthetic characteristics in leaves of barley  by appling crop residue and chemical fertilizer, which provided the physiological basis for higher grain yield of barley.

Key words: fertilizer regime, barley, physiological characteristics, protective enzyme, yield