关键词: 豫中, 烤烟, 上六片, SPAD值, 采收期, 品质

Abstract: In order to clarify the suitable mature harvesting characteristics of “upper six leaves” of flue-cured tobacco in the tobacco area of central Henan, and relationship between maturity and tobacco yield and quality, determine the maturity standard that is most conducive to quality improvement, and form a technical specification for mature harvesting of high-quality upper six tobacco leaves. Taking Zhongyan 100 as the experiment material, set different harvesting gradients, described tobacco leaves maturity characteristics and SPAD values in the field, and the economic characteristics, appearance quality, physical properties, chemical composition and sensory smoking quality of roasted tobacco leaves were analyzed. The results showed that: it was advisable to delay harvesting for about 10~11 d. At this time, the roasted tobacco leaves were orange to deep orange, the tobacco leaves were moderately thick, the structure was loose, the maturity was good, the oil was sufficient, the brilliance was strong, the chrominance was deep, and the elasticity was good, the economic benefit were higher, and the sensory quality evaluation was the best. At this time, the characters of maturity in the field is that the color of the leaves veins were basically turned white, the color of the leaves were light yellow, and the mature spots were more. The corresponding SPAD values of the upper three leaves and the lower three leaves in the best harvesting period were 5.4~5.7 and 6.4~6.9. Therefore, upper six tobacco leaves in the tobacco area of central Henan should be delayed by 10~11 d, and high-quality upper tobacco leaves with good yield and quality can be obtained.

Key words: central Henan, flue-cured tobacco, upper six leaves, SPAD value, harvesting periods, quality