关键词: 基因编辑, CRISPR, 突变检测, 安全监管

Abstract: Gene editing technology is a powerful tool for studying gene functions and conducting directional gene modification. With the rapid development of CRISPR/Cas9 system in recent years, gene editing technology has played a critical role in crop breeding. This paper introduced the theory of ZNFs, TALENs and CRISPR/Cas9 system and their research progress in crop breeding. The paper focused on related variants of CRISPR system and progress of this system in plant gene function research and crop breeding. Meanwhile, the paper introduced the mutant detection methods and regulatory attitudes towards gene editing crops in different countries and regions, especially the regulatory status of gene editing crops in US, EU and China. Before ending, the paper also analyzed the existing problems and development trends of gene editing crops, thus providing references for the research, safety management and commercial approval of gene editing crops in China.

Key words: gene editing, CRISPR, mutant detection, safety management