关键词: 森林, 环境因子, ZigBee技术, 无线传感器网络, 环境监测

Abstract: In view of lacking real-time and long-term monitoring on local environment of forest region, this study designed and realized a local environmental monitoring system for forest region based on ZigBee wireless sensor network. This system built WSN using wireless network protocol ZigBee, and then, sent the obtained data to monitoring center combining with GPRS communication technology, so as to realize real-time data display, storage, analysis and visualization. This system was mainly composed of sensor nodes, routers, gateways and monitoring center. Its structure was simple and practical. The nodes location was flexible, and free of any geographical environment. The system could better monitor the air temperature and humidity, atmospheric pressure, light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration and soil moisture content, etc. key environmental factors in forest region. Through solar power supply system, it could integrate the multi-sensor into sensor node by CC2530 and CC2591 wireless communication module, and better solve node energy shortage, short communication distance and incomplete monitoring parameters in the process of applying wireless sensor network in forest region so as to realize the real-time monitoring of local environment. This experiment indicated that node effective communication distance in open space could reach 510.6 m, and the effective communication distance in woodland could reach 177.5 m. Under the joint power supply of solar energy and lithium battery, the node energy could be self-sufficient. In the network test, packet reception rate of the whole network was 96.7%, and capable to meet the requirements of environment monitoring in forest region.

Key words: forest, environmental factor, ZigBee technology, wireless sensor network, environment monitoring