Effect of Different Sowing Dates on the Expression of Grain DUS Testing Characteristics

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0610

Abstract

Abstract:

With the rapid development of modern breeding technology， the speed of variety renewal is increasing and the protection of new millet variety rights has become an urgent need for improvement. In this study， 5 spring foxtail millet varieties， 5 summer foxtail millet varieties and 5 hybrid foxtail millet varieties were used as materials and planted at 3 different sowing dates to study the effect of sowing date in Xinzhou region on the DUS （distinctness， uniformity and stability） test characteristics of foxtail millet. The results showed that different sowing dates had no significant effect on the qualitative， pseudo-qualitative and visual observation characteristics of foxtail millet. The effect of the sowing dates on the measurement quantitative characteristics of foxtail millet were different， and the order of variation coefficient of each characteristics was： number of spike stems > rate of grain > number of single-code grain > length of the single-spike heavy > spike neck > thickness of the spike > thickness of the stalk > length of the spike > width of the inverted second leaf > number of elongation sections between > elongation sections of the spike period > length of the inverted second leaf > length of the stalk. For a single trait， the degree of influence on each variety varied under differently by different sowing dates. the length of the spike neck was affected by the most varieties during the sowing dates， and 15 varieties had significant differences at 3 sowing dates （P<0.05）； number of inverted second-leaf length， number of spiked stems， rate of valley out and the number of spiked stems were the least affected varieties during the sowing dates， with significant differences of 12 varieties for each trait （P<0.05）. There were differences in the effect of the sowing dates on the test characteristics of millet DUS， and the stability of visual traits was higher than quantitative traits. The above results provided reference and theoretical basis for the scientific and rational screening of DUS test standard varieties in different sowing dates.

Key words: foxtail millet, DUS testing, characteristics

摘要：

随着现代育种技术的快速发展，品种更新日益加快，对谷子新品种权的保护迫切需要完善。以5个春谷品种、5个夏谷品种和5个杂交谷品种为试验材料，分3个播期种植，研究山西省忻州地区播期差异对谷子DUS（特异性、一致性和稳定性）测试性状的影响。结果表明，播期对谷子质量性状、假质量性状以及目测型数量性状均无显著影响；播期对谷子测量型数量性状的影响程度不同，各个性状的变异系数大小顺序依次为：成穗茎数>出谷率>单码籽粒数>单穗重>穗颈长度>穗粗度>茎秆粗度>穗长度>倒2叶宽度>抽穗期>伸长节节间数>倒2叶长度>茎秆长度。在单个性状中，各品种受不同播期的影响程度也各不相同，穗颈长度受播期影响的品种最多，15个品种在3个播期下均存在显著性差异（P<0.05）；倒2叶长度、成穗茎数、出谷率受播期影响的品种最少，每个性状均有12个品种存在显著差异（P<0.05）。播期对谷子DUS测试性状的影响存在差异，质量性状、假质量性状和目测型数量性状的稳定性高于测量型数量性状。上述结果为不同测试区科学合理筛选DUS测试标准品种提供了参考和理论依据。

关键词: 谷子, DUS测试, 性状

CLC Number:

S515

Xiongfei JIAO, Jin YU, Leyong FENG, Yaodong GUO, Lisheng FAN. Effect of Different Sowing Dates on the Expression of Grain DUS Testing Characteristics[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, 24(8): 55-64.

焦雄飞, 于晋, 冯乐勇, 郭耀东, 樊丽生. 不同播期对谷子DUS测试性状的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(8): 55-64.

Figures/Tables 9

References 16

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序号No.	性状 Character	类型 Type	序号No.	性状 Character	类型 Type
1	幼苗：猫耳叶顶端形状 Seedlings： the top shape of the cat’s ear leaves	PQ	12	叶片：倒2叶宽度 Leaf：pour two leaves to width	QN
2	幼苗：叶片颜色 Seedlings： leaf color	PQ	13	穗：护颖颜色 Spike：strile lemma color	PQ
3	幼苗：叶鞘颜色 Seedlings：leaf sheath color	PQ	14	茎秆：长度 Stem：length	QN
4	幼苗：叶姿 Seedlings：leaf shape	PQ	15	茎秆：粗度 Stem：width	QN
5	幼苗：叶枕花青甙显色 Seedlings： leaf pillow cyan	QN	16	植株：颜色 Plant：color	PQ
6	抽穗期 Heading period	QN	17	植株：伸长节节间数 Plant：number of elongation internodes	QN
7	植株：叶姿 Plant：leaf shape	PQ	18	植株：成穗茎数 Plant：number of spike	QN
8	穗：刚毛长度 Spike：bristle length	QN	19	穗颈：姿态 Nack of spike：shape	PQ
9	穗：刚毛颜色 Spike：bristle color	PQ	20	穗颈：长度 Nack of spike：length	QN
10	颖花：花药颜色 Flower：anther color	PQ	21	穗：形状 Spike：shape	PQ
11	叶片：倒2叶长度 Leaf：pour two leaves to length	QN	22	穗：长度 Spike：length	QN

序号No.	性状 Character	类型 Type	序号No.	性状 Character	类型 Type
1	幼苗：猫耳叶顶端形状 Seedlings： the top shape of the cat’s ear leaves	PQ	12	叶片：倒2叶宽度 Leaf：pour two leaves to width	QN
2	幼苗：叶片颜色 Seedlings： leaf color	PQ	13	穗：护颖颜色 Spike：strile lemma color	PQ
3	幼苗：叶鞘颜色 Seedlings：leaf sheath color	PQ	14	茎秆：长度 Stem：length	QN
4	幼苗：叶姿 Seedlings：leaf shape	PQ	15	茎秆：粗度 Stem：width	QN
5	幼苗：叶枕花青甙显色 Seedlings： leaf pillow cyan	QN	16	植株：颜色 Plant：color	PQ
6	抽穗期 Heading period	QN	17	植株：伸长节节间数 Plant：number of elongation internodes	QN
7	植株：叶姿 Plant：leaf shape	PQ	18	植株：成穗茎数 Plant：number of spike	QN
8	穗：刚毛长度 Spike：bristle length	QN	19	穗颈：姿态 Nack of spike：shape	PQ
9	穗：刚毛颜色 Spike：bristle color	PQ	20	穗颈：长度 Nack of spike：length	QN
10	颖花：花药颜色 Flower：anther color	PQ	21	穗：形状 Spike：shape	PQ
11	叶片：倒2叶长度 Leaf：pour two leaves to length	QN	22	穗：长度 Spike：length	QN

序号No.	性状 Character	类型 Type	序号No.	性状 Character	类型 Type
23	穗：粗度 Spike：width	QN	28	籽粒：千粒重 Grain：thousand seed weight	QN
24	穗：穗码密度 Spike：grain density	QN	29	籽粒：形状 Grain：shape	PQ
25	穗：单码籽粒数 Spike：number of single grain	QN	30	籽粒：颜色 Grain：color	PQ
26	穗：单穗重 Spike：weight	QN	31	颖果：颜色 Caryopsis：color	PQ
27	穗：出谷率 Spike：the rate of the grain	QN	32	籽粒：胚乳类型 Grain：endosperm type	QL

序号No.	性状 Character	类型 Type	序号No.	性状 Character	类型 Type
23	穗：粗度 Spike：width	QN	28	籽粒：千粒重 Grain：thousand seed weight	QN
24	穗：穗码密度 Spike：grain density	QN	29	籽粒：形状 Grain：shape	PQ
25	穗：单码籽粒数 Spike：number of single grain	QN	30	籽粒：颜色 Grain：color	PQ
26	穗：单穗重 Spike：weight	QN	31	颖果：颜色 Caryopsis：color	PQ
27	穗：出谷率 Spike：the rate of the grain	QN	32	籽粒：胚乳类型 Grain：endosperm type	QL

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