Abstract: In order to study the effect of straw biochar compound substrate on the growth of Cosmos bipinnatus, peat, vermiculite, pearlite and soil with the proportion of 4∶1∶1∶4 (volume ratio) were set as a control, and straw biochars of soybean, wheat, rice, corn and aged corn were chosen as test materials and replaced the peat in control group according to different proportion until the peat was completely replaced for determining the best type and dosage of straw biochar in Cosmos bipinnatus cultivation. The results showed that, compared to control group, straw biochar substrates promoted the growth of the Cosmos bipinnatus. According to the straw biochar types and dosages, straw biochar substrates significantly affected germination rate, biomass, malondialdehyde content, catalase activity, chloroplast pigment concentration and root activity. When rice straw biochar compound substrate (biochar 20%, peat 20%, perlite 10%, vermiculite 10%, soil 40%) was used to cultivate the Cosmos bipinnatus, the germination rate was the highest, and the biomass, catalase activity and root activity were significantly increased compared with the control group. Chloroplast pigment concentration and malondialdehyde content were not significantly different from the control group.

Key words: straw, biochar, substrate, Cosmos bipinnatus, germination rate, biomass, physiology

摘要： 为研究秸秆生物炭复配基质对波斯菊（Cosmos bipinnatus）生长的影响，以泥炭、蛭石、珍珠岩和土壤比例4∶1∶1∶4（体积比）作为对照配置基质，将大豆、小麦、水稻、玉米及老化玉米秸秆生物炭按照不同比例替换对照配方中的泥炭作复配基质，直至将其完全代替，每种秸秆生物炭设4个不同比例处理，以期得出适合培养波斯菊的复配基质种类及配比。结果表明：与对照相比，秸秆生物炭复配基质可以促进波斯菊生长，秸秆生物炭复配基质的种类及用量对波斯菊发芽率、生物量、丙二醛含量、过氧化氢酶活性、叶绿体色素浓度、根系活力均具有显著影响。当使用水稻秸秆生物炭（水稻秸秆生物炭20%、泥炭20%、珍珠岩10%、蛭石10%、土壤40%）复配基质培育波斯菊时，波斯菊的发芽率最高，其生物量、过氧化氢酶活性及根系活力与对照相比均显著提高，叶绿体色素浓度、丙二醛含量与对照并无显著差异。

关键词: 秸秆, 生物炭, 基质, 波斯菊, 发芽率, 生物量, 生理