Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of topdressing different potassium fertilizer on tobacco quality traits, by combining field experiment with laboratory analysis, and taking ‘Zhongyan 100’ as material, this paper studied the effects of topdressing different potassium fertilizer on the contents of chemical components, organic potassium index and neutral aroma constituents in flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that topdressing potassium fertilizer could improve the leaf quality of flue-cured tobacco. The effectiveness of topdressing potassium citrate fertilizer was the best, the routine application of topdressing potassium fertilizer plus biological potassium fertilizer was the second, but routine topdressing potassium fertilizer plus organic potassium fertilizer had a poor effect, similar to the conventional fertilizer. The topdressing potassium citrate fertilizer treatment and the routine application of potassium fertilizer and biological fertilizer treatment could effectively coordinate the ratio of total sugar to nicotine in upper flue-cured tobacco leaves, and obviously enhance the organic potassium index of all parts of tobacco leaves, and increase the content of aroma components of middle part of flue-cured tobacco leaves. Generally, topdressing potassium citrate fertilizer or adding more organic potassium fertilizer could effectively improve the quality of tobacco leaves. To certain extent, topdressing organic potassium fertilizer could instead the expensive potassium citrate fertilizer to improve the leaf quality of flue-cured tobacco.

Key words: flue-cured tobacco, potassium fertilizer, ratio of total sugar to nicotine, organic potassium index, neutral aroma

摘要：

为探究追施不同钾肥对烤烟品质性状的影响，采用田间试验与室内分析相结合的方法，以中烟100为供试材料，研究了追施不同种类钾肥对烤烟糖碱比、有机钾指数、中性致香物质含量的影响。结果表明：追施钾肥处理烟叶品质明显高于不追施钾肥处理，其中追施柠檬酸钾处理最好，常规追施钾肥+生物钾肥效果其次，常规追施钾肥+有机钾肥与常规追肥效果较差;追施柠檬酸钾处理和常规追施钾肥+生物钾肥处理均能有效协调中上部烟叶糖碱比，极显著提高各部位烟叶有机钾指数以及中部叶致香物质总量。总体看来，追施柠檬酸钾或增施生物钾肥均能较高程度提高烟叶品质，在一定程度上可以通过增施生物钾肥代替较为昂贵的柠檬酸钾以提高烟叶品质。

关键词: 烤烟, 钾肥, 糖碱比, 有机钾指数, 中性致香物质