关键词: 水稻, 栽插方式, 生理生化特性, 保护性酶, 产量

Abstract: In order to investigate the physiological and biochemical characteristics in leaves, and grain yield of early and late rice with different transplanting methods in double-cropping rice systems of southern China, three treatments of seedling throwing (ST), hand transplanting (HT) and machine transplanting (MT) were set up in  field experiment, the protective enzyme activities and photosynthetic characteristics in leaves and grain yield were analyzed in present paper. The results showed that activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) in rice leaves were both higher in ST and HT treatments than those in MT treatment at main growth stages of early rice and late rice. Meanwhile, the malondialdehyde (MDA) and praline (Pro) contents in leaves were both higher in ST and HT treatments than those in MT treatment at main growth stages of early rice and late rice. SPAD value and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) in leaves were both showed as ST＞HT＞MT. And the stomatal conductance (Gs) in rice leaves with different transplanting methods was showed as HT＞ST＞MT at main  growth stages of early rice and late rice. And the transpiration rate (Tr) in rice leaves was showed as MT＞HT＞ST. It was also indicated that there were no significant differences in 1 000-grain weight of rice between MT, HT and ST treatments. The grain yields of early rice and late rice in ST treatment were significantly higher than those in MT treatment by 1 506.7 and 1 444.5 kg·hm^-2, respectively. It was demonstrated that protective enzyme activities and photosynthetic characteristics in rice leaves, grain yield in early rice and late rice were all better under seedling throwing condition than those under hand transplanting and machine transplanting conditions.

Key words: rice, transplanting method, physiological and biochemical characteristics, protective enzyme, grain yield