关键词: 种子油, 合成代谢, 关键酶, 转录因子, 共调节

Abstract: Triglycerides is the main storage form of oil in plant seed. Both fatty acids and triglycerides possessed important functions in the process of plant growth and development. This paper analyzed the research progress in oil regulation and synthesis metabolism process of plant seed; and summarized the strategies for the improvement of plant seed oil: ① to regulate carbon distribution by inhibiting the expression of genes encoding key enzymes, allocating carbon source into the protein synthesis pathway; and enhancing the expression of key genes encoding key enzymes, leading carbon source into the synthesis pathway of fatty acid; ② to intervene lipid synthesis by promoting biosynthesis fatty acids, and improving the expression level of key genes encoding enzymes in TAG assembly process; ③ to improve seed oil quality by altering plant fatty acid composition, and regulating the gene expression of fatty acid desaturase; and introducing exogenous synthesis pathway of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid; ④ to regulate the expression of transcription factors for lipid synthesis metabolism to increase seed oil content. Besides, the paper also discussed the mechanism of TAG precursors synthesis and the co-regulation of multiple genes in the synthesis of plant seed oil.

Key words: seed oil, synthesis metabolism, key enzyme, transcription factor, co-regulation