关键词: 农业, 农药, 化肥, 减量, 效益

Abstract:

In order to evaluate the effect of ‘Zero-Growth’ action plan for pesticides and fertilizer during “the 13^th Five Year” period， the reduction of pesticide and fertilizer were analyzed systematically from the aspects of the total amount， the application intensity and the benefit. The regional differences and changes of the reduction of pesticide and fertilizer were also analyzed at 9 agricultural regional and 31 province cautonomous regions and municipality levels. The results showed the amount of pesticides and fertilizers decreased significantly in all regions during the “the 13^th Five-Year” period， and the reduced degree in some regions had more than 30%. The intensity of pesticide application in the South China region was much higher than other regions. The economic benefit of pesticide in the eastern region was generally lower than those in the central and western regions， and the economic benefit of pesticide in Guizhou was much higher than those in other provinces. The intensities of fertilizer application in South China， Huang-Huai-Hai plain and the Loess plateau regions were greater than those in other agricultural regions. And the intensities of fertilizer in hainan， Fujian， and Beijing were high level. The economic benefits of fertilizer were higher in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau， Yunnan-Guizhou plateau， Sichuan basin and surrounding areas and South China regions. The economic benefits of fertilizer in Guizhou， Qinghai， Tibet， Zhejiang， Sichuan， Hainan and Shanghai were the highest among all regions， reaching more than 20×10⁴ yuan·t^-1 at the end of “the 13^th Five-Year” period. The annual changes and regional differences in the reduction of pesticide and fertilizer during “the 13^th Five-Year” period could provide a reference basis to formulate accurate measures to reduce the use of pesticide and fertilizer for each region.

Key words: agriculture, pesticide, fertilizer, reduction, efficiency