盐胁迫与供磷水平对柳枝稷苗期光合特性与总生物量的影响

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0887

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究盐胁迫与供磷水平对不同柳枝稷（Panicum virgatum L.）品种苗期光合特性及总生物量的影响，以八倍体Alamo、Alamo和Pathfinder 3个品种作为水培试验材料，设置2个盐胁迫水平（A1非盐胁迫、A2盐胁迫）和4个供磷水平（B1无磷，B2低磷，B3高磷，B4全磷），分析盐胁迫与供磷水平对3个柳枝稷品种苗期光合指标及总生物量的影响规律，并进一步探究3个柳枝稷品种光合特性与总生物量之间的关系。结果表明，在相同盐处理下，3个柳枝稷品种苗期的净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、叶绿素含量及总生物量均随着磷水平的增加而增加，其中，在非盐胁迫和盐胁迫下八倍体Alamo，全磷处理较无磷处理分别提高21.84%、42.86%、21.98%、17.45%、246.52%和14.63%、16.67%、71.10%、115.45%、91.00%；Alamo分别提高15.89%、28.57%、37.62%、95.16%、115.32%和15.28%、100.00%、37.20%、188.33%、113.97%；Pathfinder分别提高18.33%、75.00%、42.60%、86.87%、145.85%和23.35%、100.00%、50.35%、108.20%、405.88%。在相同盐处理下，3个柳枝稷品种苗期的胞间CO₂浓度随着磷水平的增加而降低，其中，在盐胁迫下全磷处理较无磷处理分别降低49.68%、40.41%、40.21%；在非盐胁迫下全磷处理较无磷处理分别降低50.12%、68.07%、63.11%。八倍体Alamo总生物量的增加与蒸腾速率、气孔导度、净光合速率呈正相关；Alamo总生物量与叶绿素含量呈正相关；八倍体Alamo和Alamo的总生物量增加均与胞间CO₂浓度呈负相关。综合分析表明，八倍体Alamo的适应性较好，更适宜在盐胁迫与低磷胁迫环境下种植。

关键词: 盐胁迫, 供磷水平, 光合特性, 相关性分析, 隶属函数分析

Abstract:

To explore the effects of salt stress and phosphorus supply level on photosynthetic characteristics and total biomass of different switchgrass（Panicum virgatum L.）varieties at seedling stage， octoploid Alamo， Alamo and Pathfinder were used as hydroponic materials， and 2 salt stress levels （A1 non-salt stress， A2 salt stress） and 4 phosphorus supply levels （B1 no phosphorus， B2 low phosphorus， B3 high phosphorus， B4 total phosphorus） were set. The effects of salt stress and phosphorus supply levels on different photosynthetic indexes and total biomass of 3 switchgrass varieties at seedling stage were analyzed， and the photosynthetic characteristics and characteristics of 3 switchgrass varieties were further revealed. Under the same salt treatment， the net photosynthetic rate， stomatal conductance， transpiration rate， chlorophyll content and total biomass of 3 switchgrass varieties at seedling stage all increased with the increase of phosphorus level. Compared with non-phosphorus treatment， the net photosynthetic rate， stomatal conductance， transpiration rate， chlorophyll content， total biomass of octoploid Alamo in total phosphorus treatment under non-salt stress and salt stress increased by 21.84%， 42.86%， 21.98%， 17.45%， 246.52% and 14.63%， 16.67%， 71.10%， 115.45%， 91.00%， respectively； Alamo increased by 15.89%， 28.57%， 37.62%， 95.16%， 115.32% and 15.28%， 100.00%， 37.20%， 188.33%， 113.97%， respectively； Pathfinder increased by 18.33%， 75.00%， 42.60%， 86.87%， 145.85% and 23.35%， 100.00%， 50.35%， 108.20%， 405.88%， respectively. Under the same salt treatment， the intercellular CO₂ concentrations of 3 switchgrass varieties at seedling stage decreased with the increase of phosphorus level， which decreased by 49.68%， 40.41%， 40.21% and 50.12%， 68.07%， 63.11% in total phosphorus treatment under salt stress and non-salt stress compared with no phosphorus treatment. The correlation analysis indicated that the total biomass was positively correlated with transpiration rate， stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate in octoploid Alamo， and the total biomass was closely positively correlated with chlorophyll content in Alamo， while the total biomass was also negatively correlated with intercellular CO₂ concentration in octoploid Alamo and Alamo. Comprehensive analysis showed that octoploid Alamo had the better adaptability and more suitable for planting under salt stress and low phosphorus stress.

Key words: salt stress, phosphorus supply level, photosynthetic characteristics, correlation analysis, membership function analysis

中图分类号:

S516

麻仲花, 陈娟, 吴娜, 满本菊, 王晓港, 者永清, 刘吉利. 盐胁迫与供磷水平对柳枝稷苗期光合特性与总生物量的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(6): 190-200.

Zhonghua MA, Juan CHEN, Na WU, Benju MAN, Xiaogang WANG, Yongqing ZHE, Jili LIU. Effects of Salt Stress and Phosphorus Supply on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Total Biomass of Switchgrass at Seedling Stage[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2023, 25(6): 190-200.

图/表 16

表1 柳枝稷材料生态类型、染色体倍性及来源

Table 1 Ecological type and chromosome doubling and origin of switchgrass material

德克萨斯州南部28° N Southern Texas 28° N

八倍体Alamo

Octoploid Alamo

低地Lowland

八倍体Octoploid

Alamo （秋水仙素人工加倍）

Alamo （Artificial doubling of colchicine）

Pathfinder

高地Upland

八倍体Octoploid

堪萨斯州40° N Kansas 40° N

表2 不同磷水平的Hoagland营养液配置

Table 2 Hoagland nutrient solution configuration table with different phosphorus levels

成分Component	含量Content/（mol·L^-1）		加入量Volume/mL
成分Component	母液Mother liquor	溶液Solution	B1	B2	B3	B4
Ca（NO₃）₂·4H₂O	5.000 0	5.000 0	1.000 0	1.000 0	1.000 0	1.000 0
KNO₃	2.500 0	5.000 0	2.000 0	2.000 0	2.000 0	2.000 0
MgSO₄·7H₂O	2.500 0	2.500 0	1.000 0	1.000 0	1.000 0	1.000 0
KH₂PO₄	1.000 0	2.000 0		0.005 0	0.200 0	2.000 0
NaH₂PO₄		2.000 0
NaNO₃		5.000 0
MgCl₂		2.500 0
NaSO₄		2.500 0
CaCl₂		5.000 0
KCL	2.500 0	5.000 0	0.800 0	0.798 0	0.720 0
EDTA-FeNa	0.200 0	0.020 0	0.100 0	0.100 0	0.100 0	0.100 0
MnSO₄·H₂O	0.672 2	0.006 7	0.100 0	0.100 0	0.100 0	0.100 0
CuSO₄·5H₂O	0.003 2	0.000 3	0.100 0	0.100 0	0.100 0	0.100 0

图1 不同盐胁迫与供磷水平下3个柳枝稷品种的叶绿素含量注：不同小写字母表示同一品种相同盐处理下不同供磷水平间在P<0.05水平差异显著。

Fig. 1 Chlorophyll content of 3 switchgrass varieties under different salt stress and phosphorus supplyNote： Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different phosphorus levels of same variety under same salt treatment at P<0.05 level.

表3 叶绿素含量方差分析

Table 3 Analysis of variance of chlorophyll content

处理Treatment	八倍体Alamo Octoploid Alamo	Alamo	Pathfinder
F_A	0.127 3	0.026 6^*	0.003 0^*
F_B	0.175 0	0.055 5	0.009 0^*
F_A×B	0.000 4^*	0.003 2^*	0.899 8

图2 不同盐胁迫与供磷水平下3个柳枝稷品种的净光合速率注：不同小写字母表示同一品种在相同盐处理下不同供磷处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。

Fig. 2 Pn of 3 switchgrass varieties under different salt stress and phosphorus supply levelsNote： Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different phosphorus levels of same variety under same salt treatment at P<0.05 level.

表4 净光合速率方差分析

Table 4 Analysis of variance of Pn

处理Treatment	八倍体Alamo Octoploid Alamo	Alamo	Pathfinder
F_A	0.018 7^*	0.001 2^*	0.000 2^*
F_B	0.092 6	0.012 3^*	0.002 0^*
F_A×B	0.058 4	0.843 4	0.963 6

图3 不同盐胁迫与供磷水平下3个柳枝稷品种的气孔导度注：不同小写字母表示同一品种在相同盐处理下不同供磷处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。

Fig. 3 Gs of 3 switchgrass varieties under different salt stress and phosphorus supply levelsNote： Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different phosphorus levels of same variety under same salt treatment at P<0.05 level.

表5 气孔导度方差分析

Table 5 Analysis of variance of Gs

处理Treatment	八倍体Alamo Octoploid Alamo	Alamo	Pathfinder
F_A	0.009 6^*	0.000 4^*	0.000 8^*
F_B	0.071 3	0.053 4	0.017 5^*
F_A×B	0.182 6	0.024 5^*	0.440 0

图4 不同盐胁迫与供磷水平下3个柳枝稷品种的胞间CO2浓度注：不同小写字母表示同一品种在相同盐处理下不同供磷处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。

Fig. 4 Ci of 3 switchgrass varieties under different salt stress and phosphorus supply levelNote： Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different phosphorus levels of same variety under same salt treatment at P<0.05 level.

表6 胞间CO2浓度方差分析

Table 6 Analysis of variance of Ci

处理Treatment	八倍体Alamo Octoploid Alamo	Alamo	Pathfinder
F_A	0.004 7^*	0.002 8^*	0.001 6^*
F_B	0.237 0	0.175 1	0.025 9^*
F_A×B	0.002 6^*	0.000 0^*	0.007 9^*

图5 不同盐胁迫与供磷水平下3个柳枝稷品种的蒸腾速率注：不同小写字母表示同一品种在相同盐处理下不同供磷处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。

Fig. 5 Tr of 3 switchgrass varieties under different salt stress and phosphorus supply levelNote： Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different phosphorus levels of same variety under same salt treatment at P<0.05 level.

表7 蒸腾速率方差分析

Table 7 Analysis of variance of Tr

处理Treatment	八倍体Alamo Octoploid Alamo	Alamo	Pathfinder
F_A	0.000 3^*	0.000 7^*	0.000 7^*
F_B	0.016 9^*	0.135 6	0.026 4^*
F_A×B	0.577 1	0.009 9^*	0.039 9^*

图6 盐胁迫与供磷水平下3个柳枝稷品种的总生物量注：不同小写字母表示同一品种在相同盐处理下不同供磷处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。

Fig. 6 Biomass of 3 switchgrass varieties under different salt stress and phosphorus supply levelsNote： Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different phosphorus levels of same variety under same salt treatment at P<0.05 level.

表8 总生物量方差分析

Table 8 Analysis of variance of total biomass

处理Treatment	八倍体Alamo Octoploid Alamo	Alamo	Pathfinder
F_A	0.027 8^*	0.006 3^*	0.012 3^*
F_B	0.311 3	0.130 6	0.123 9
F_A×B	0.000 1^*	0.000 0^*	0.000 0^*

表9 3个柳枝稷品种苗期总生物量与光合特性的相关性分析

Table 9 Correlation analysis of total biomass and photosynthetic characteristics of 3 switchgrass varieties at different seedling stage

品种Variety	指标Index	总生物量 Total biomass	叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content	蒸腾速率T_r	胞间CO₂浓度C_i	气孔导度G_s
八倍体Alamo Octoploid Alamo	叶绿素含量Chlorophyll content	0.61
	蒸腾速率T_r	0.88^**	0.70
	胞间CO₂浓度C_i	-0.83^*	-0.75^*	-0.98
	气孔导度G_s	0.85^**	0.81^*	0.94	-0.93
	净光合速率P_n	0.89^**	0.73^*	0.89^**	-0.83^*	0.90^**
Alamo	叶绿素含量Chlorophyll content	0.86^**
	蒸腾速率T_r	0.96	0.76^*
	胞间CO₂浓度C_i	-0.92^**	-0.83^*	-0.95^**
	气孔导度G_s	0.95	0.81^*	0.98^**	-0.99
	净光合速率P_n	0.94	0.90^**	0.90^**	-0.91^**	0.93^**
Pathfinder	叶绿素含量Chlorophyll content	0.94
	蒸腾速率T_r	0.97	0.92^**
	胞间CO₂浓度C_i	-0.93	-0.92^**	-0.97
	气孔导度G_s	0.97	0.96	0.98	-0.97
	净光合速率P_n	0.96	0.97	0.98	-0.98	0.99

表10 3个柳枝稷品种苗期光合特性及总生物量的隶属函数值

Table 10 Membership function values ??of photosynthetic characteristics and total biomass of 3 switchgrass varieties at seedling stage

品种Variety

总生物量

Total biomass

叶绿素含量

Chlorophyll content

蒸腾速率

T_r

胞间CO₂浓

度C_i

气孔导度G_s

净光合速率P_n

均值

Mean

排序

Ranking

八倍体Alamo

Octoploid Alamo

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