关键词: 大葱, 农艺性状, 产量决定因子, 主成分分析, 通径分析, 回归分析

Abstract: In order to reasonably select excellent welsh-onion high-yield traits under plateau ecological conditions, in this study, 23 welsh-onion resources introduced to Qinghai were used as materials to carry out multiple analyses of statistically determined agronomic characters. The results showed that the variation of phenotypic diversity in welsh-onion were abundant. Among 13 qualitative traits, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index ranged from 0.18~1.03. Among 9 quantitative traits, the variation coefficient ranged from 9.07%~260.09%. Through correlation analysis, the yield and leaf number per plant were significantly negative correlation, but a positive correlation with plant height, pseudostem length, leaf width and plant width. By principal component analysis, three principal components were extracted, including principal component 1: morphological factors of low-yielding varieties (leaf number per plant, leaf length and tillers per plant), principal component 2: high-yielding pseudostem factors (pseudostem width and pseudostem length) and principal component 3: high-yield control factors (yield and plant height). Path analysis results showed that the yield would be influenced by leaf number per plant negative directly, by plant height positive directly, and by tillers per plant negative indirectly. The results of regression analysis indicated that leaf number per plant and plant height were determined as the main factors affecting the yield of welsh-onion, which could be used as important indicators for high-yield breeding of welsh-onion in Qinghai Plateau.

Key words: welsh-onion, agronomic characteristics, determining factor of yield, principal components analysis, path analysis, regression analysis