关键词: 土壤调理剂, 酸性土壤, 蚕沙, pH, 有机质

Abstract: Soil compaction and salinization were caused by successive cropping, excessive chemical fertilizer application and unscientific pesticide application. Therefore, the soil-borne diseases were aggravated, the living environment of beneficial rhizospheric microorganisms were destroyed, the soil ecological balance was broken, and the crop growth was restricted. If agricultural production was carried out on this type of soil, soil deterioration would become more serious. Consequently, plant diseases and pests were exacerbated year by year, and the crop yields decreased or even lost. The polluted ecological environment could even affect the survival and development of mankind. In southern China, soil acidification, one of the severest soil degradation, was a necessitated problem urgently need to be solved at present. A pot culture experiment was conducted to study the effect of soil amendments on acid soil and the growth of cowpeas. It covered 2 continuous cropping seasons of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). The soil amendments were applied in the first growing season, while no soil amendment was used for the second one. Results showed that: ① When appropriate soil amendment was applied on acid soil, which could be improved. Soil pH and organic matter could be increased, crop growth would be promoted, and crop yield would be increased. ② In this study, silkworm excrement soil amendment (silkworm excrement 50%, shell powder 40%, magnesium oxide 10%) was selected as the optimal soil amendment, which made soil pH rise by 0.77, soil organic matter content increase by 6.49%, and cowpea yield increase by 125.99%.

Key words: soil amendment, acid soil, silkworm excrement, pH, organic matter