Study on Power Consumption Evaluation of Plough Agricultural Machinery in Field Pperation

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0251

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to study the power consumption of furrow plough in the agricultural machinery operation process， a method of interpolation using diesel engine bench data and controller area network（CAN） data was proposed to obtain the diesel engine power of the plough agricultural machinery for ploughing operations. The power of the plough was measured by the tension sensor and GPS instrument. Then， with fixed tillage depth of 23 cm， a field experiment was carried out with 3 types of target tillage speeds of 5.7， 7.1 and 8.9 km·h^-1. With fixed tillage speed of 5.7 km·h^-1， a field experiment was carried out with 3 types of tillage depths of 20， 23 and 26 cm. The results showed that the actual tillage speed of plough agricultural machinery fluctuated greatly around the target tillage speed， which caused the furrow plough power， the furrow plough power ratio， the diesel engine power， the fuel consumption and other performance parameters were changed， and the diesel engine power variation rate was up to 15.93%. With the increase of tillage speed and tillage depth， the power of the plough and diesel engine both increased， and the proportion of the power of the plough was relatively stable. The percentage of plow power to diesel engine power ranged from 56.24% to 67.30%. The results of this study were expected to provide a reference for the matching， optimization and selection of agricultural machinery power systems.

Key words: tractor, diesel engine, plough, power

摘要：

为探究铧式犁农机具作业过程中功耗的变化规律，利用柴油机台架数据和控制器局域网络（controller area network，CAN）数据进行插值，测量铧式犁农机具作业过程中柴油机的有效功率。通过拉力传感器和GPS仪测量铧式犁的功率；然后，固定耕作深度为23 cm，开展耕地速度为5.7、7.1和8.9 km·h^-1的田间试验；固定耕作速度为5.7 km·h^-1，开展耕地深度为20、23和26 cm的田间试验。结果表明，铧式犁农机的实际耕地速度围绕目标耕地速度出现较大波动，导致铧式犁机具功率、铧式犁机具功率占比、柴油机功率、整机油耗等参数均出现变动，其中，柴油机功率变动率达15.93%。随耕地速度升高和耕地深度增大，农机具和柴油机的功率均增大，铧式犁机具功率占比相对稳定；铧式犁机具功率占柴油机功率的56.24%~67.30%。研究结果可以为农机动力系统匹配、优化和农机具选型提供参考。

关键词: 拖拉机, 柴油机, 铧式犁, 功率

CLC Number:

S222

Qijun TANG, Xiang XU, Kai REN, Daqing ZHANG, Ping JIANG. Study on Power Consumption Evaluation of Plough Agricultural Machinery in Field Pperation[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(1): 129-137.

唐琦军, 许祥, 任凯, 张大庆, 蒋蘋. 铧式犁农机田间作业过程机具功耗测评研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2025, 27(1): 129-137.

Figures/Tables 9

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参数 Parameter	数值或类型 Value or type
整机质量Curb weight/kg	4 155
整车尺寸（长×宽×高） Overall vehicle size（length×width×hight）/mm	4 530×2 050×2 810
轮胎规格（前轮/后轮） Tire size （front/rear）	11.2-24/16.9-34
档位数（前进+倒退） Number of gears （forward+reverse）	16+8
驱动形式 Drive form	四轮驱动 Four-wheel drive
柴油机额定功率 Diesel engine rated power/kW	100
农机具 Agricultural implement	五铧犁 Five-share plough
挂接形式 Hook-up form	三点悬挂 Three-point suspension

参数 Parameter	数值或类型 Value or type
整机质量Curb weight/kg	4 155
整车尺寸（长×宽×高） Overall vehicle size（length×width×hight）/mm	4 530×2 050×2 810
轮胎规格（前轮/后轮） Tire size （front/rear）	11.2-24/16.9-34
档位数（前进+倒退） Number of gears （forward+reverse）	16+8
驱动形式 Drive form	四轮驱动 Four-wheel drive
柴油机额定功率 Diesel engine rated power/kW	100
农机具 Agricultural implement	五铧犁 Five-share plough
挂接形式 Hook-up form	三点悬挂 Three-point suspension

名称Name	型号Model	参数说明Parameter description
拉力传感器Tensile force sensor	NOS-C902	0~50 kN/0.5% FS
GPS仪 GPS instrument	Speedbox-RTK	0.05 km·h^-1
CAN总线分析仪CAN bus analyzer	Kvaser	波特率Baud rate 40~1 000 kb·s^-1
转速传感器Speed sensor	霍尔传感器Hall sensor	±0.1% FS
发动机台架Engine bench	电涡流测功机 Eddy current dynamometer	扭矩Torque：±0.5% FS 转速Rotational speed：±0.5 r·min^-1

名称Name	型号Model	参数说明Parameter description
拉力传感器Tensile force sensor	NOS-C902	0~50 kN/0.5% FS
GPS仪 GPS instrument	Speedbox-RTK	0.05 km·h^-1
CAN总线分析仪CAN bus analyzer	Kvaser	波特率Baud rate 40~1 000 kb·s^-1
转速传感器Speed sensor	霍尔传感器Hall sensor	±0.1% FS
发动机台架Engine bench	电涡流测功机 Eddy current dynamometer	扭矩Torque：±0.5% FS 转速Rotational speed：±0.5 r·min^-1

编号 Number	时间 Time/s	耕地速度 Tillage speed/ （km·h^-1）	铧犁功耗 Plough power/kW	柴油机功率 Diesel engine power/kW	铧犁功率比 Plough power ratio/%	油耗 Fuel mass flow/（kg·h^-1）
1	19.61~66.96	5.48	28.65	45.19	64.72	16.37
2	28.60~59.17	6.44	40.78	59.88	67.30	19.45
3	31.68~57.43	8.69	51.44	77.52	66.10	22.97
4	21.03~86.44	5.65	22.19	38.75	58.28	15.26
5	29.11~71.98	5.28	33.25	60.75	56.24	18.28