Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology ›› 2023, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (9): 1-12.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0170
• AGRICULTURAL INNOVATION FORUM • Next Articles
Received:
2023-03-09
Accepted:
2023-04-20
Online:
2023-09-15
Published:
2023-09-28
Contact:
Xiangdong HU
通讯作者:
胡向东
作者简介:
石自忠 E-mail:shizizhong@caas.cn;
基金资助:
CLC Number:
Zizhong SHI, Xiangdong HU. Theoretical Logic and Strategic Path of Accelerating the Construction of Livestock Powerhouse[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2023, 25(9): 1-12.
石自忠, 胡向东. 加快建设畜牧强国的理论逻辑与战略路径[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(9): 1-12.
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URL: https://nkdb.magtechjournal.com/EN/10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0170
国家/地区 Country /region | 生猪 Hog | 肉牛 Cattle | 肉羊 Sheep and goat | 肉鸡 Chicken | 鸡蛋单产/(kg·只-1) Egg yield /(kg·head-1) | 牛奶 单产/ (kg·头-1) Milk yield /(kg·head-1) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
出栏率 Slaughter rate/% | 胴体重/(kg·头-1) Carcass weight /(kg·head-1) | 出栏率 Slaughter rate/% | 胴体重/(kg·头-1) Carcass weight /(kg·head-1) | 出栏率 Slaughter rate/% | 胴体重/(kg·只-1) Carcass weight /(kg·head-1) | 出栏率 Slaughter rate/% | 胴体重/(kg·只-1) Carcass weight /(kg·head-1) | |||
澳大利亚Australia | 212.97 | 78.74 | 27.10 | 291.88 | 37.87 | 24.69 | 609.44 | 1.91 | 16.01 | 6 400.40 |
加拿大 Canada | 166.99 | 102.63 | 30.01 | 417.46 | 94.06 | 22.99 | 444.65 | 1.73 | 17.72 | 9 646.70 |
中国 China | 133.56 | 88.27 | 77.98 | 148.19 | 110.99 | 14.49 | 216.70 | 1.33 | 9.19 | 3 026.90 |
法国 France | 180.15 | 94.53 | 25.73 | 319.48 | 57.87 | 18.14 | 317.52 | 1.50 | — | 7 458.90 |
德国 Germany | 218.31 | 95.83 | 29.60 | 330.61 | 99.05 | 20.41 | — | 1.73 | 19.70 | 8 481.40 |
日本 Japan | 181.24 | 78.29 | 26.82 | 450.00 | 30.31 | 26.20 | 261.72 | 2.88 | 18.30 | 8 939.20 |
韩国 Korea | 163.89 | 76.54 | 24.18 | 321.24 | 39.24 | 15.45 | 593.83 | 0.89 | 10.13 | 10 374.30 |
美国 USA | 174.06 | 97.32 | 36.64 | 370.59 | 38.08 | 24.92 | 612.72 | 2.21 | 17.08 | 10 869.00 |
世界 World | 143.54 | 85.97 | 21.71 | 218.24 | 46.66 | 14.63 | 285.39 | 1.65 | 10.66 | 2 692.00 |
Table 1 Livestock production efficiency in major countries in 2021
国家/地区 Country /region | 生猪 Hog | 肉牛 Cattle | 肉羊 Sheep and goat | 肉鸡 Chicken | 鸡蛋单产/(kg·只-1) Egg yield /(kg·head-1) | 牛奶 单产/ (kg·头-1) Milk yield /(kg·head-1) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
出栏率 Slaughter rate/% | 胴体重/(kg·头-1) Carcass weight /(kg·head-1) | 出栏率 Slaughter rate/% | 胴体重/(kg·头-1) Carcass weight /(kg·head-1) | 出栏率 Slaughter rate/% | 胴体重/(kg·只-1) Carcass weight /(kg·head-1) | 出栏率 Slaughter rate/% | 胴体重/(kg·只-1) Carcass weight /(kg·head-1) | |||
澳大利亚Australia | 212.97 | 78.74 | 27.10 | 291.88 | 37.87 | 24.69 | 609.44 | 1.91 | 16.01 | 6 400.40 |
加拿大 Canada | 166.99 | 102.63 | 30.01 | 417.46 | 94.06 | 22.99 | 444.65 | 1.73 | 17.72 | 9 646.70 |
中国 China | 133.56 | 88.27 | 77.98 | 148.19 | 110.99 | 14.49 | 216.70 | 1.33 | 9.19 | 3 026.90 |
法国 France | 180.15 | 94.53 | 25.73 | 319.48 | 57.87 | 18.14 | 317.52 | 1.50 | — | 7 458.90 |
德国 Germany | 218.31 | 95.83 | 29.60 | 330.61 | 99.05 | 20.41 | — | 1.73 | 19.70 | 8 481.40 |
日本 Japan | 181.24 | 78.29 | 26.82 | 450.00 | 30.31 | 26.20 | 261.72 | 2.88 | 18.30 | 8 939.20 |
韩国 Korea | 163.89 | 76.54 | 24.18 | 321.24 | 39.24 | 15.45 | 593.83 | 0.89 | 10.13 | 10 374.30 |
美国 USA | 174.06 | 97.32 | 36.64 | 370.59 | 38.08 | 24.92 | 612.72 | 2.21 | 17.08 | 10 869.00 |
世界 World | 143.54 | 85.97 | 21.71 | 218.24 | 46.66 | 14.63 | 285.39 | 1.65 | 10.66 | 2 692.00 |
年份 Year | 玉米 Maize | 大豆 Soybean | 工业饲料 Industry feed | 配合饲料 Combined feed | 浓缩饲料 Concentrated feed | 预混料 Additive premixed feed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2000 | 10 599.98 | 1 540.90 | 7 429.00 | 5 911.80 | 1 249.20 | 252.87 |
2005 | 13 936.54 | 1 634.78 | 10 732.30 | 7 762.19 | 2 498.34 | 471.77 |
2010 | 19 075.18 | 1 540.99 | 16 201.70 | 12 974.30 | 2 648.19 | 579.27 |
2015 | 26 499.22 | 1 236.74 | 20 009.20 | 17 396.20 | 1 960.51 | 652.52 |
2020 | 26 066.52 | 1 960.18 | 25 276.10 | 23 070.50 | 1 514.80 | 594.50 |
2021 | 27 255.06 | 1 639.54 | 29 344.30 | 27 017.10 | 1 551.10 | 663.10 |
2022 | 27 720.00 | 2 028.00 | 30 223.40 | 28 021.20 | 1 426.20 | 652.25 |
Table 2 Trends in feed grain and feed production from 2000 to 2022
年份 Year | 玉米 Maize | 大豆 Soybean | 工业饲料 Industry feed | 配合饲料 Combined feed | 浓缩饲料 Concentrated feed | 预混料 Additive premixed feed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2000 | 10 599.98 | 1 540.90 | 7 429.00 | 5 911.80 | 1 249.20 | 252.87 |
2005 | 13 936.54 | 1 634.78 | 10 732.30 | 7 762.19 | 2 498.34 | 471.77 |
2010 | 19 075.18 | 1 540.99 | 16 201.70 | 12 974.30 | 2 648.19 | 579.27 |
2015 | 26 499.22 | 1 236.74 | 20 009.20 | 17 396.20 | 1 960.51 | 652.52 |
2020 | 26 066.52 | 1 960.18 | 25 276.10 | 23 070.50 | 1 514.80 | 594.50 |
2021 | 27 255.06 | 1 639.54 | 29 344.30 | 27 017.10 | 1 551.10 | 663.10 |
2022 | 27 720.00 | 2 028.00 | 30 223.40 | 28 021.20 | 1 426.20 | 652.25 |
Fig. 4 Grass-fed livestock green and roughage cost to concentrate feed cost ratio trends from 2008 to 2021Data source: National Compilation of Cost-benefit Information on Agricultural Products.
类型Type | 年份Year | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | ||
猪瘟 Classical swine fever | 发病数Cases | 925 | 2 277 | 101 | 161 | 43 |
死亡数Deaths | 312 | 1 299 | 50 | 58 | 22 | |
扑杀数Killed | 42 | 3 669 | 179 | 269 | 18 | |
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征 Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome | 发病数Cases | 625 | 1 033 | 3 576 | 351 | 2 267 |
死亡数Deaths | 323 | 526 | 2 099 | 128 | 644 | |
扑杀数Killed | 0 | 822 | 1 567 | 121 | 56 | |
猪丹毒 Swine erysipelas | 发病数Cases | 11 299 | 10 087 | 3 162 | 2 125 | 2 708 |
死亡数Deaths | 2 812 | 3 176 | 884 | 393 | 495 | |
扑杀数Killed | 30 | 2 040 | 445 | 218 | 221 | |
猪肺疫 Swine pasteurellosis | 发病数Cases | 18 897 | 14 948 | 10 572 | 9 491 | 41 123 |
死亡数Deaths | 3 923 | 3 335 | 3 991 | 2 821 | 5 057 | |
扑杀数Killed | 51 | 2 431 | 1 726 | 1 467 | 4 225 | |
非洲猪瘟 African swine fever | 发病数Cases | 0 | 8 127 | 12 192 | 1 249 | 1 124 |
死亡数Deaths | 0 | 5 706 | 8 104 | 978 | 1 008 | |
扑杀数Killed | 0 | 804 248 | 280 888 | 12 156 | 2 443 | |
口蹄疫 Foot and mouth disease | 发病数Cases | 67 | 388 | 0 | 40 | 4 |
死亡数Deaths | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 | |
扑杀数Killed | 144 | 2 302 | 0 | 248 | 29 |
Table 3 Major hog disease situation from 2017 to 2021
类型Type | 年份Year | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | ||
猪瘟 Classical swine fever | 发病数Cases | 925 | 2 277 | 101 | 161 | 43 |
死亡数Deaths | 312 | 1 299 | 50 | 58 | 22 | |
扑杀数Killed | 42 | 3 669 | 179 | 269 | 18 | |
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征 Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome | 发病数Cases | 625 | 1 033 | 3 576 | 351 | 2 267 |
死亡数Deaths | 323 | 526 | 2 099 | 128 | 644 | |
扑杀数Killed | 0 | 822 | 1 567 | 121 | 56 | |
猪丹毒 Swine erysipelas | 发病数Cases | 11 299 | 10 087 | 3 162 | 2 125 | 2 708 |
死亡数Deaths | 2 812 | 3 176 | 884 | 393 | 495 | |
扑杀数Killed | 30 | 2 040 | 445 | 218 | 221 | |
猪肺疫 Swine pasteurellosis | 发病数Cases | 18 897 | 14 948 | 10 572 | 9 491 | 41 123 |
死亡数Deaths | 3 923 | 3 335 | 3 991 | 2 821 | 5 057 | |
扑杀数Killed | 51 | 2 431 | 1 726 | 1 467 | 4 225 | |
非洲猪瘟 African swine fever | 发病数Cases | 0 | 8 127 | 12 192 | 1 249 | 1 124 |
死亡数Deaths | 0 | 5 706 | 8 104 | 978 | 1 008 | |
扑杀数Killed | 0 | 804 248 | 280 888 | 12 156 | 2 443 | |
口蹄疫 Foot and mouth disease | 发病数Cases | 67 | 388 | 0 | 40 | 4 |
死亡数Deaths | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 | |
扑杀数Killed | 144 | 2 302 | 0 | 248 | 29 |
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